Research List

No.	Researcher	Title	Abstract	Year
2691	Aung Kyaw Min1	DETERMINATION OF SOME CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND INVESTIGATION OF SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF BRUCEA JAVANICA LINN. (YAR-DAN-SEED)	This research is concerned with some phytochemical and biological investigation of crude extracts from Brucea javanica Linn. (Yar-dan-seed). Preliminary phytochemicals, total flavonoid content (TFC) and total phenol contents (TPC) have been carried out as chemical investigations. Preliminary phytochemical investigations done by test tube methods revealed the presence of alkaloids, ?�amino acids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, organic acids, phenolic compounds, reducing sugars, saponins, steroids, tannins, and terpenoids, and the absence of starch in the tested samples. The total phenol contents (TPC) of water and ethanol extract of seeds were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (FCR) method. TPC contents of ethanol extract (?g GAE/mg) were found to be highest content (303.24 ? 1.19). The total flavonoid contents of water and ethanol extracts of selected sample were determined by the aluminum chloride method. TFC contents of ethanol extract (mg QE/g) were found to be the highest content (286 ? 0.20). The water and ethanol extracts of the seeds were observed to possess antioxidant capacity by DPPH assay method. Among them, ethanol extract has more potent antioxidant activity (IC50 = 36.21 ?g/mL) than other tested samples. Moreover, ethanol extract of antidiabetic activity (expressed in terms of ?-amylase inhibitory) indicated that possessed higher anti-diabetic activity (IC50 = 89.12 ?g/mL) than other tested samples. In the antimicrobial screening by agar well diffusion method, pet-ether and ethyl acetate extracts were found to possess high activity against all tested microorganism with the inhibition zone diameters ranging between 19 mm ~ 23 mm but other crude extracts of B.javanica had mild activity. According to the result, B.javanica (Yar-dan-seed) was found to contain highest amount of phytochemical constituents so these selected samples have more portent antioxidant, antidiabetic and antimicrobial effects.	2025
2692	Ei Theint Htet1, Prema2, Kyaw Tun San3, Saw Hla Myint4	INVESTIGATION OF PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICALS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF CRATEVA MAGNA (LOUR.) DC. (KADET) LEAF	This study investigated the antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anti-arthritic activities of Crateva magna (LOUR.) DC. (Kadet) leaf. Preliminary phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of alkaloids, ?-amino acids, carbohydrates, glycosides, organic acids, phenolic compounds, reducing sugars, saponins, starch, steroids, tannins, terpenoids, and flavonoids, while cyanogenic glycosides were not detected. The antimicrobial activity of aqueous, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and petroleum ether extracts was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method. Ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts demonstrated strong antimicrobial activity, with inhibition zones measuring 25 to 26 mm. In antioxidant activity accessed via the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, the water extract had an IC50 of 345.58 ?g/mL, while the ethanol extract showed a significantly lower IC50 of 24.81 ?g/mL. Cytotoxicity was tested using the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, indicating both extracts were non-toxic at a concentration of 1000 ?g/mL, with LC50 values suggesting safety. Anti-arthritic activity was evaluated using the egg albumin denaturation method, revealing that the water extract (IC50 = 66.26 ?g/mL) had stronger anti-arthritic effects than the ethanol extract (IC50 = 68.39 ?g/mL).	2025
2693	Myat Thandar Win1, Ni Ni Than2, Mya Thandar Aung3	INVESTIGATION OF ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL, AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITIES OF HEARTWOOD OF MANSONIA GAGEI J. R. DRUMM. (KALA-MET)	The heartwood of Mansonia gagei. locally known as Kala-met, was studied for its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic properties, which are used in treating heart disease and diabetes. The DPPH free radical scavenging assay revealed that the ethanol extract (IC50 63.88 ?g/mL) exhibited higher antioxidant potency than the watery extract (IC50 157.75 ?g/mL). However, they were found to have weaker antioxidant potency than standard ascorbic acid (IC50 3.33 ?g/mL). The antimicrobial activity of the four crude extracts, such as watery, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and pet-ether extracts, was screened by the Agar well diffusion method using eight pathogenic strains: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Staphylococcus aureus. All tested crude extracts exhibited medium to high antimicrobial activity, with inhibition zone diameters ranging between 14 and 26 mm on all strains. In addition, the cytotoxicity of ethanol and watery extracts was conducted using a brine shrimp lethality bioassay, indicating that both watery and ethanol extracts showed cytotoxic activity on brine shrimp with LC50 values < 1000 �g/mL, a medium toxic effect.	2025
2694	Ngwe Sin1, Hnin Hnin Than2, Ni Ni Than3	EXAMINATION OF NUCLEAR TRACKS IN MICA AND LR-115 TYPE II SSNTDs WITH NEUTRONS, GAMMA AND ALPHA RADIATION	Solid state detectors (SSNTDs) are the most effective devices currently utilized in ionizing radiation detection due to their ease of usage. The relationship between SSNTDs (mica and LR 115) and various radiations (neutrons, gamma, and alpha) were examined in this work. Mica and LR-115 type II detectors were irradiated by neutrons from the Am(Be) source with a flux of 104 neutrons cm-2s-1, alpha from the Po-210 source with activity of 0.1 �Ci, and gamma from the Co 60 and Cs-137 sources. For preliminary studies, the neutrons and gamma irradiation times for mica and for LR-115 were 7 days. After irradiation, the detectors were etched with 48 % HF solution and 6 M NaOH solution, respectively, by using two etching methods: conventional chemical etching (CE) and ultrasonic-induced chemical etching (UCE). To study the relation between radiation exposure time and nature of detectors, the detectors were exposed to neutrons for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days and alpha radiation for 30, 45, 60, and 75 min. The doses of gamma rays for mica and for LR-115 were 100 Gy, 200 Gy, 300 Gy, and 400 Gy, respectively. After irradiation, the tracks formed were etched with 48 % HF solution (for mica) and 6 M NaOH solution (for LR-115) for 30 s using an ultrasonic cleaner. The etched tracks in irradiated mica and LR-115 detectors were observed by using optical microscopes and FT IR methods. The LR-115 detector is the most effective at detecting alpha radiation, while the mica detector is better at detecting neutrons and gamma radiation. Because a higher track density forms, the LR-115 detector is better suited for alpha detection than mica. The potential of SSNTDs (mica and LR-115) to serve as reliable dosimeters has been demonstrated.	2025
2695	Chue Shwesin Kyaw1, Prema2, Thandar Aung3	SCREENING SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF SPATHOLOBUS SUBERECTUS (KYATHWAY-PANNWE-PIN) STEM	Spatholobus suberectus (Kyathway-pannwe-pin) stem was chosen to evaluate some biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, anti-arthritic, and anti-diabetic. The DPPH assay revealed that both watery and ethanol extracts exhibited antioxidant activity, with IC50 values of 2.01 ?g/mL and 2.66 �g/mL, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of pet-ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and watery extracts was tested on eight microorganisms by the agar-well diffusion method. Among all these extracts, the ethanol extract exhibited potent activity, with inhibition zone diameters ranging from about 20 mm and above. The cytotoxicity of the watery and ethanol extracts was evaluated through a brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The results did not indicate any cytotoxic effects for either extract at concentrations up to 1000 ?g/mL. In vitro anti arthritic activity determined by the egg albumin denaturation method showed that the IC50 values of ethanol and watery extracts were found to be 35.92 ?g/mL and 108.89 ?g/mL. The anti-diabetic activity of ethanol and watery extracts was screened with an in vitro ?-amylase inhibition assay. The IC50 values of ethanol extract (23.97 ?g/mL) have higher inhibition than that of the watery extract (81.64 ?g/mL).	2025
2696	Su Hnin Wai1, Prema2, Thandar Aung3, Ni Ni Than4	INVESTIGATION OF SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF DIOSCOREA WALLICHII HOOK. F. (KADAT) TUBER	This study investigates the antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anti-arthritic activities of Dioscorea wallichii Hook. L. (Kadat) tuber. The antimicrobial activity was screened using the agar well diffusion method on 95 % ethanol, watery, ethyl acetate, and pet-ether extracts. The results indicated that the watery extract exhibited the highest antimicrobial potency among the tested extracts. The in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, yielding IC50 values of 26.21 �g/mL for the watery extract and 13.62 �g/mL for the 95 % ethanol extract, indicating a stronger antioxidant effect from the ethanol extract. The anti-arthritic activity was evaluated by the egg albumin denaturation method, revealing that the 95% ethanol extract (IC50 = 6.77 �g/mL) exhibited more effective anti-arthritic activity than the watery extract (IC50 = 13.07 �g/mL). Cytotoxicity was assessed using a brine shrimp lethality bioassay, which demonstrated that both watery and 95 % ethanol extracts were free from toxicity at concentrations up to 1000 �g/mL, with LC50 values indicating no harmful effects.	2025
2697	Hein Htet Soe1, Prema2, Nway Shwan Oo3, Ni Ni Than4	SOME BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF PLUCHEA INDICA (L.) LESS ROOT (YAY-KHAYU) FROM THE TANINTHARYI REGION	Pluchea indica (L.) Less is naturally grown in mangroves along the Tanintharyi Coastal Region. It is locally known as �Yay-Khayu� and has been utilised as a source of food and medicine and for making herbal tea. This research has been carried out to investigates the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and anti-arthritic activities collected of P.indica root collected from the Tanintharyi Coastal Region. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of ethanol and watery extracts from P. indica root were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent (FCR) and aluminium chloride colourimetric methods. In addition, the antimicrobial efficacy of watery, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and petroleum ether crude extracts from Pluchea indica root samples was evaluated against eight microorganisms using the agar well diffusion method. The tested microorganisms included Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Staphylococcus aureus. According to the analysis, all the crude extracts from the root sample exhibit significant antimicrobial activity on most of the microorganisms. The cytotoxicity of ethanol and watery extracts from the P. indica root sample was evaluated using the Artemia salina (brine shrimp) bioassay. The obtained results showed that neither the ethanol nor the watery extract of the root sample exhibited significant toxicity to a maximum dose of 1000 �g/mL. The antioxidant potential of the ethanolic and watery extracts from the root sample was assessed using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract was found to be higher than that of the watery extract from the root sample. Furthermore, the egg albumin denaturation method was used to evaluate the anti-arthritic properties of both ethanol and watery extracts from the root sample. It was found that the ethanol extract showed significantly higher anti-arthritic activity than the watery extract of the root sample.	2025
2698	Kay Thi1, Prema2, Thandar Aung3, Ni Ni Than4	INVESTIGATION OF SOME BIOACTIVITIES OF CURCUMA PETIOLATA ROXB. (MALAR) RHIZOME	Curcuma petiolata, also known as the petiole turmeric and as referred to as Malar in Myanmar is primarily used in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Additionally, its rhizome is utilised as a culinary spice in various Southeast Asian dishes, adding flavour and colour. This study aims to explore the preliminary phytochemical tests, soluble matter content, antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anti-arthritic properties of the rhizome of C. petiolata. In this study, the preliminary phytochemical investigation, it was found that alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, ?-amino acids, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, reducing sugars, organic acids, steroids, and terpenoids were present in the rhizome of C. petiolata. The extractable matter contents of the sample were determined by the WHO method with different solvents such as water, ethanol, methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and petroleum ether. The resultant data indicated that the selected sample is more soluble in water. Additionally, the antimicrobial activity of crude extracts such as petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and watery extracts of C. petiolata was tested on eight microorganisms by agar well diffusion method. The antioxidant activity of ethanol and watery extracts of C. petiolata rhizome was evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. A brine shrimp lethality bioassay investigated the cytotoxicity of the watery and ethanol extracts. The egg albumin denaturation method performed the anti-arthritic activity of watery and ethanol extracts. As a result, C. petiolata contains biologically active compounds and exhibits medicinal properties.	2025
2699	May Theint1, Kay Khaing Win2, Tin Myo Thant3, Myo Thida Chit4	INVESTIGATION OF ACUTE TOXICITY, ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE STEM BARK OF Dalbergia cultrata Graham Ex Benth. (Yin Daik)	One of Myanmar's medicinal plant, Dalbergia cultrata Graham Ex Benth. was selected for chemical investigation and partial structure elucidation. Firstly, the phytochemical screening of the stem bark of D. cultrata was performed by standard method, indicating the presence of ? amino acids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, reducing sugars, saponins, tannins, steroids and terpenoids. In addition, the OECD Guidelines of Limit Test (425) examined the acute oral toxicity test to determine a test sample's median lethal dose (LD50). Based on the result, a 2000 mg/kg ethanol extract dose showed no signs of acute toxicity in all the experimental mice. However, one animal died at a dose of 5000 mg/kg, indicating that this dosage is approaching or surpassing the LD50 threshold. The administration of 2000 mg/kg ethanol extract to the test animals showed the results of normal to significant weight gain in all the animals. However, at 5000 mg/kg, animal 3 showed considerable weight loss, which showed that the dose may have caused adverse effects in some individuals. The Agar well diffusion method evaluated the antimicrobial activity of n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, watery, and ethanol extracts. It was found that ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed high activity on all organisms except Bacillus substilis and Escherichia coli. The antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts was evaluated using the DPPH assay method. It was found that ethyl acetate extract showed higher antioxidant activity than ethanol extract.	2025
2700	Soe Yan Naing Win1, Jue Jue Khin2, Ye Myint Aung3, Hnin Hnin Than4	ASSESSMENT OF THE WATER QUALITY NEAR SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE (THILAWA)	This study highlights growing concerns about water pollution due to the development of the Thilawa Special Economic Zone (SEZ) and ongoing BOBLME activities, emphasizing the urgent need for action. Water samples were collected from 5 ft depth at 10 GPS-marked sites in June 2024. The analysis focuses on the physicochemical, elemental, and microbial properties of the water. The research aims to evaluate environmental impacts by analyzing various water quality parameters, such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and biological and chemical oxygen demand, to determine the aquatic environment's health. Electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, alkalinity, hardness, chlorinity, and salinity were measured to understand ionic composition and salinity levels. Chlorophyll-a was analyzed to estimate the abundance of phytoplankton, and nutrient concentrations (nitrogen and phosphate) were evaluated for nutrient pollution. Total nitrogen (1.58 to 1.92 ppm) and orthophosphate (0.062 to 0.215 mg/L) contents indicated moderate nutrient levels of mesotrophic. Microbial analysis targeted coliforms and E. coli to assess contamination risks, while trace metals were examined to detect potential toxic elements. The results were compared to WHO, EPA, and ASEAN standards.	2025

Research Publications

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research