Research List

No.	Researcher	Title	Abstract	Year
2681	Aye Aye Thant1, Yi Yi Win2, Ni Ni Than3	ASSESSMENT OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF APIGENIN AND LUTEOLIN ISOLATED FROM BACOPA MONNIERI: A STUDY ON STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS	The aim of the study was to screen bioactive compounds apigenin and luteolin from the ethyl acetate extract of Bacopa monnieri (L.), Byone-hmwe, for some biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and antiproliferative activities. The antioxidant activity of apigenin and luteolin compounds was determined by the DPPH assay. These assays found that luteolin (IC50 = 1.86 �g/mL) was more potent than apigenin (IC50 = 2.36 �g/mL) in antioxidant activity. The luteolin was found to have more potent antimicrobial activity than apigenin against all eight tested microorganisms with inhibition zone diameters (18-25 mm) determined by the agar well diffusion method. The cytotoxicity was examined by brine shrimp lethality bioassay. LC50 values of apigenin and luteolin were found to be 296 �g/mL and 200 �g/mL. The in vitro antiproliferative activity of apigenin and luteolin was most potent against human cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 9.14 �g/mL (MCF-7) and < 6.25 �g/mL Hela (cervical), but no significant activity IC50 values > 100 �g/mL(A549) as determined by MTT assay. Both compounds share a similar flavone structure but differ in their hydroxyl substitution patterns, which significantly influence their biological activities.	2025
2682	Swe Sint1, Aung Pyae Sone2	PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CYPERMETHRIN: ENZYME ACTIVITY AND RESIDUE REDUCTION	Phytoremediation is an emerging technology that uses various plants to degrade contaminants including metals, and pesticides from soil and water. The aim of this research is to determine the insecticide residue and enzyme activity during phytoremediation with Sinngo and Hngetdaw-ni myet. In this study, the physicochemical properties of the soil samples were determined by conventional techniques, and EDXRF and AAS were used to determine metals before and after remediation (January 2023 to March 2023) in cold season. Phytoremediation was used to remediate cypermethrin-contaminated soil in the concentration range of 1-100 �g kg-1. In addition, the potential phytoremediation efficiency of two plant species, Sinngo (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.) and Hngetdaw-ni myet (Axonopus compressus (Swartz.) P. Beauv.) was evaluated. The residual insecticide and its metabolite, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), extracted from the soil samples of the experimental plot were examined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The highest phytoremediation efficiency was demonstrated by Sinngo and Hngetdaw-ni myet (89.6 and 87.4 % of PBA removal) in a 10-week period. The activities of urease and dehydrogenase enzymes were determined by the phenol-hypochlorite colourimetric and the Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC) assay methods. The urease enzyme activities (mg NH4+-N g-1 soil h-1) in soils treated with Sinngo myet (5.46 � 0.0206) and Hngetdaw-ni myet (4.45 � 0.0113) were found to be higher the uncultivated soil (S0) (1.34 � 0.01419), and the dehydrogenase enzyme activities (�g TPF g-1 soil h-1) in soils treated with Sinngo myet (0.0033 � 0.0042) and Hngetdaw-ni myet (0.0026 � 0.0000) were also increased the uncultivated soil S0 (0.00011 � 0.00046) in the field experiment. The results clearly demonstrated that Sinngo and Hngetdaw-ni myet showed great promising potential as phytoremediating agents for the further clean-up of insecticide contaminated soil.	2025
2683	Hnin Thandar Soe1, Kay Khaing Win2, Tin Myo Thant3, Myo Thida Chit4, Thinn Myat Nwe5	DETERMINATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES FROM THE ROOT OF Leea Macrophylla Roxb.ex Hornem. (Kya hpetgyi)	In this research, Leea macrophylla Roxb. ex Hornem., a medicinal plant native to Myanmar, was selected for investigation of its phytochemical constituents, antibacterial activity, antioxidant property, anti-inflammatory effect. It gave rise to positive tests for alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, polyphenols, saponins, steroids, reducing sugars, terpenes and tannins, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of crude extracts from this sample was tested by using paper disc diffusion assay method on six selected microorganisms. The results indicated that the ethyl acetate extract exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against all tested organisms compared to the other extracts. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate extract and n hexane extract of this sample was measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay method using UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The ethyl acetate extract revealed stronger antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 20.341 ?g/mL compared to the IC50value of 31.313 ?g/mL for the n-hexane extract. In addition, the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanol extract was assessed by Croton Oil-Induced Ear Edema method. The results showed that the anti inflammatory activity of groups A, B and C showed (36 % for 0.75 mg/ear, 45 % for 1.15 mg/ear, and 48 % for 2.25 mg/ear) respectively.	2025
2684	Ya Min Thu Zar1, Aye Aye Thant2, Zin Thu Khaing3	IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY, ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND CYTOTOXICITY OF THE ROOT OF CINNAMONUM BEJOLGHOTA (BUCH. -HAM.) SWEET (NA-LIN-GYAW)	The root of Cinnamomum bejolghota (Buch.-Ham.) traditional medicine uses Sweet, also known as Na-lin-gyaw, is extensively utilized in traditional medicine to treat various ailments. This study aimed to investigate some phytochemical constituents and assess biological activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic properties. The antioxidant activity screening revealed IC50 values of 14.77 ?g/mL for the ethanol extract and 59.57 ?g/mL for the aqueous extract. The antimicrobial activity of different crude extracts (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and water) was evaluated against eight strains of microorganisms using the agar well diffusion method, with the ethanol extract demonstrating significant antimicrobial efficacy. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of both the aqueous and ethanol extracts of C. bejolghota was assessed using the brine shrimp cytotoxicity bioassay, revealing that the ethanol extract exhibited greater cytotoxicity than the aqueous extract. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities observed in the extracts may indicate potential therapeutic applications, including infections caused by microorganisms, oxidative stress related conditions, and certain types of cancer.	2025
2685	Aung Thura1, Hla Naning2, Htet Ko Ko3, Aung Myo Thu4, Phyo Wai Zaw5, Pyae Phyo Aung6	SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERISATION OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES (TiO2 NPs) FROM HEAVY MINERAL SAND	This research work concerns the synthesis and characterisation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) from heavy mineral sand (HMS). In this research work HMS was collected from the Moemeik Myitsone area and analysed for elemental and mineralogical compositions. A physical beneficiation process (gravity separation and magnetic separation) was performed for the enrichment of ilmenite from collected HMS and characterised by XRD, ED-XRF, and SEM analyses. After the physical beneficiation process, a chemical treatment process (alkali digestion known as) was carried out with the variation of operating parameters for the synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) from ilmenite concentrate. Alkali digestion products and synthesised TiO2 NPs were also characterised by XRD, ED-XRF, and SEM analyses. The optimal operating parameters for alkali digestion and iron removal efficiencies for the synthesis of TiO2 NPs from HMS have been examined in accordance with the related experimental results. Ti is enriched to 30.18% in the eleminte countate. 22.33 % of Iron in the elemite is also removed by this frocess.	2025
2686	Lwin Lwin Soe1, Khaing Su Wai2, Mya Htet Htet Aung3	OPTIMUM FERMENTATION OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS, COLLETOTRICHUM SP. AGAINST PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS	This research paper was carried out to isolate endophytic fungi from Jatropha gossypifolia L. (Myanmar name, Taw-kanako). In this study, endophytic fungus (Colletotrichum sp.) was successfully isolated from the leaves of Jatropha gossypifolia L. plant samples by the surface sterilization method. In the investigation of antibacterial activity, the paper disc diffusion method was used for assay performance with the Pseudomonas fluorescens test organism. According to the macroscopical and microscopical characters and references, the endophytic fungus was identified as Colletotrichum sp. The result showed that the optimum antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas fluorescens was obtained after a 5-day incubation period at pH 6.0 and a temperature of 29�C in shaking conditions. The time course of fermentation for optimum antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas fluorescens was observed with the dry cell weight (22%) at pH 6.0 of a 96 h fermentation period.	2025
2687	Yanant Lay Hnin1, Tin Myo Thant2, Thinn Myat Nwe3	INVESTIGATION OF PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND ANTI INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY FROM THE ROOT OF PITTOSPORUM NAPAULENSIS (DC.) REHDER &WILSON (MAYANIN)	In this research work, one of Myanmar medicinal plants namely, Pittosporum napaulensis (DC.) (Mayanin) was first chosen for chemical investigation. Phytochemical screening of the selected sample was carried out by using standard method. The sample contains alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, polyphenols, saponins, terpenes and tannins. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of various extracts of sample were tested by using Agar well diffusion method on six selected test organisms. According to the results, the n-hexane extract showed the highest activity against Salmonella typhi. Ethyl acetate extract and water extract were showed the highest activity on Micrococcus luteus and Salmonella typhi. Furthermore, antioxidant activity of various crude extracts of sample were carried out by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) essay method using UV-Visible spectrophotometer. According to the result, the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate extract was more effective than n-hexane extract. Moreover, the results of anti inflammatory for the treatment groups at different dosages indicate varying degrees of inhibition: 40 % at 0.75 mg/ear, 56 % at 0.59 mg/ear, 62 % at 0.45 mg/ear and 0.36 mg/ear.	2025
2688	Sabai Phyu1, Khin Cho Thant2, Ni Ni Than3	PREPARATION AND UTILIZATION OF DAIRY BIOSOLID FERTILIZER FOR THE CULTIVATION OF MUSTARD	In the present work, biosolids were prepared from dairy sludges. Dairy sludge was treated to form biosolids by processes such as dewatering, sludge pasteurization, anaerobic digestion, aerobic digestion, composting, and storage. The dairy biosolid fertilizer, D1 contained only dairy biosolid and D2 contained the weight ratios of (1:1:1) of dairy biosolid, rice husk ash and cocopeat. Physicochemical properties and micro- and macro nutrients of dairy biosolids fertilizers were qualitatively and quantitatively determined by EDXRF, AAS methods and other conventional methods. By using dairy biosolids fertilizer, a field experiment was conducted to test with mustards. The field experiment was laid out using a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with six treatments (T1-T6). Physicochemical parameters and micro-macro nutrients of soil samples before sowing and after harvesting were analyzed. The highest yield, 9.36 ton/ac, was achieved from the mustard treated only with dairy biosolid. The results from the study indicated that the prepared biosolid fertilizers can effectively be used for the growth and production of mustard.	2025
2689	Hla Moe Swe1, Aye Aye Thant2, Zin Thu Khaing3	SCREENING OF PHYTOCHEMICALS AND SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF LEAF OF SENNA SIAMEA (LAM) MEZALI	The study aimed screening some phytochemical constituents of the leaf of Senna siamea (Lam.) Mezali, as well as some biological activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic effects. It was widely used in traditional medicine to treat various complaints. The cytotoxic activity of the ethanol and water extracts was determined by a brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The ethanol extract was more cytotoxic than the water extract. The antioxidant activity of ethanol and water extracts of Senna siamea was determined by DPPH assay. These assays found that the ethanol extract (IC50 = 39.53 �g/mL) in antioxidant activity was more potent than the water extract (IC50 =69.93 �g/mL).The antimicrobial activity of four crude extracts (pet-ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol and water) was determined by the agar well diffusion method. The ethyl acetate extract was found to have higher potent antimicrobial activity than PE, EtOH and watery extracts. The findings suggest that the various extracts possess substantial potential for therapeutic application.	2025
2690	Nilar Aung1, Jue Jue Khin2, Ye Myint Aung3	PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MAGNETITE ACTIVATED CARBON-CLAY COMPOSITE PELLETS FOR ADSORPTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT APPLICATIONS	In this research work, a magnetite-activated carbon-clay composite was prepared with a weight ratio of 2:1:1 (magnetite: activated carbon: clay) by the conventional immersion method. After preparing the composite, the samples were characterized by modern techniques such as ED XRF, XRD, SEM-EDX, and FT IR. To enhance usability, the composite was pelletized using a hydraulic automatic press (Cap-15 TON) under controlled conditions. Some physicochemical properties of the sample, such as moisture content and pH, were determined by the oven drying method and a digital pH meter. The diameter and thickness of the pellets were measured with the vernier caliper. Bulk density was measured to assess suitability for environmental applications such as adsorption and catalysis. Adsorption experiments were conducted under optimized conditions: pH 6, adsorbent dosage of 1.25 g, and a contact time of 160 minutes for an initial heavy metal concentration of 40 mg/L. The maximum removal efficiencies for Pb�? and Cd�? ions were 94.7 % and 96.5 %, respectively. Additionally, the magnetic properties of the composite allowed for easy separation from treated water and potential reuse, enhancing its practical applicability in wastewater treatment. This is the advantage for works water treatment in industries.	2025

Research Publications

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research