Research List

No.	Researcher	Title	Abstract	Year
11	Naw Mu Htoo	SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RICE HUSK SILICA FROM RICE HUSK ASH AND Its UTILIZATION FOR POROUS CERAMIC CANDLE FILTER	This work concerns with the synthesis and characterization of rice husk silica (RHS) from rice husk ash (RHA) and its utilization for porous ceramic candle filter. Ma Naw Thukha rice husk was used to prepare RHA, by calcinations of rice husk (RH) at 700 C for 6 h. Preparation of silica powder was carried out from RHA by using precipitation method. The silica from RHA was extracted by 2.4 M NaOH for 3 h and then precipitated by adding concentrated H2SO4.The characterization of sample was carried out by modern techniques (SEM, FT IR, XRD, EDXRF) and determination of physicochemical properties using conventional methods. SEM micrograph indicates sponge like nature. XRD diffractogram exhibits an indication of amorphous silica. From FT IR spectral assignment, the band at 1150 to 1000 cm-1 indicates the stretching vibration of Si-O (asym) band in Si-O-Si group. From EDXRF analysis, the highest relative abundance of silica was found to be 99.33 % in RHS. The yield percent of RHS was found to be 52.7 %. Ceramic candle filter (CCF) was prepared by using the raw materials such as RHS, sand, char and clay. The physicochemical properties of CCF were also determined by conventional methods. The performance of ceramic candle filter (CCF) made from a mixture of sand, char, natural clay and RHS in removing chloride from sodium chloride solution was investigated. Removal of chloride ion from sodium chloride solution was studied with different parameters (flow rate for 100 mL fraction: 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60 min; different concentrations: 100,200 and 400 ppm). Determination of chloride ion in sodium chloride solution was determined by argentometric method. From the results, the optimum condition for ceramic filter was found to be 69.58 mgg-1 of sorption capacity at a flow rate of 20 min for 100 mL fraction. Removal of chloride ion from lakes of Naung Bo Village (NB) and San Pyaw Village (SP), Naung Bo Group, Ka Wa Township, Bago Region was carried out. From the results, ceramic candle filter (CCF) was found relatirly as an effective adsorbent for saline water treatment.	2018
12	Latt Latt Chaw	PREPARATION OF MALTODEXTRIN USING STARCH FROM Musa iicarpa BACKER AND -AMYLASE FROM Paseus uaris L.	Banana maltodextrin was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of banana starch by using ?-amylase from immature L. (White Kidney bean) seeds. ?-Amylase from immature L. (White Kidney bean) seeds was isolated by ammonium sulphate precipitation ( 20-60 %) followed by Sephadex G- 100 gel filtration chromatography. The optimum pH and optimum temperature of ?-amylase were 5.6 and 50 oC, respectively. Starch was isolated from unripe Backer cv. Pheegyan (Banana) and yield percent was 43.6 %. Banana starch was characterized by SEM, XRD and TG-DTA methods. Banana maltodextrin ( yield percent of 5.5 %) was found to have a dextrose equivalent of 6 by phenol-sulphuric assay method. Low dextrose equivalent maltodextrin was characterized by SEM and some of its chemical properties were also determined	2018
13	Soe Tun Myaing	SPECTROSCOPIC DETERMINATION OF A PURE ORGANIC COMPOUND ISOLATED FROM THE STEM BARK OF utea mnsperma (LAM.) KUNTZE	One of Myanmar indigenous medicinal plants, (Lam.) Kuntze, Myanmar name (Pouk) was chosen for chemical analysis. A pure organic compound, pale yellow needle shape compound was isolated from the stem bark of Pouk by applying advanced separation methods such as, Thin-Layer and Column Chromatographic methods. This pure compound was checked by phytochemical test which gave rise to positive for flavonoid test. The yield percent of this pure compound was found to be 0.63 % based upon the ethyl acetate crude extract. The molecular formula of the pure compound was determined as C31H20O10 by using some spectroscopic techniques, such as FT-IR, 1H NMR (500 MHz), 13C NMR (125 MHz), DEPT, HMC and FAB-mass spectral data respectively. Hydrogen deficiency index of this compound is 22. Finally, the complete structure of pure compound was elucidated by applying DF-COSY, 1H NMR splitting patterns, coupling constant ( J values) and HMBC spectroscopic studies	2018
14	Mi Mi Latt	STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION AND SOME BIOACTIVITIES OF PURE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ISOLATED FROM THE STEM BARK OF Pyatia cerasides(ROXB.) BEDD. (THAYET-THAMON)	In this research work, one of the Myanmar indigenous medicinal plants, (Roxb.) Bedd. (thayet-thamon) was chosen for chemical analysis and pharmacological investigation of the stem bark. The acute toxicity test of 95 % ethanol extract of the stem bark of ? was carried out in this study. The ethyl acetate extract was chromatographed by various chromatographic techniques to give pale yellow powder of pure compound (MML-1) and brown oily form of pure compound (MML-2). The antimicrobial activities of three different solvent extracts of crude sample and pure compounds (MML-1) and (MML-2) were tested by agar well diffusion method on six selected organisms; ? ??and . Then, the antioxidant activity of ethanol crude extract and pure compounds (MML-1) and (MML-2) was evaluated by using DPPH radical scavenging assay. The molecular structures and conformational analyses of compounds (MML-1) and (MML-2) were determined by high resolution spectrometric techniques such as 1HNMR, 13CNMR, DEPT, DF-COSY, HMC, HMBC, EI MS spectral data and molecular modeling. The pure compounds (MML-1) and (MML-2) possess the types of flavonoid and lignan compounds	2018
15	Win Htay	ACUTE TOXICITY OF THE ETHANOLIC PLANT EXTRACT AND STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION OF PURE ORGANIC COMPOUND FROM THE BARK OF rdia aicii G.DON. (THANAT-GYI)	G.Don. (Thanat-gyi) was selected for chemical analysis. It was collected in Pyin Oo Lwin Township, Mandalay Region in Myanmar. The phytochemical screening of this plant was determined which gave positive tests for flavonoids, terpenes, glycosides, reducing sugars, polyphenols, tannins, saponins, lipophilic and phenolic compounds. The antimicrobial activities of crude extract of this plant were tested in various solvent systems by Agar well diffusion method on six selected microorganisms: ??? ?and ?. In addition, the acute toxicity test of 95 % ethanolic extract of the bark of G.Don. was done by Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guideline 425 (2008) on albino mice. The pure organic compound (WH-1) was next isolated from the bark of Thanat-gyi by Thin Layer and Column Chromatographic methods. The pure yellowish brown crystal (0.62 %) was obtained based upon the ethyl acetate crude extract. Furthermore, the molecular formula (C16H12O7), molecular mass (316) and complete structure of this pure compound was determined by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, DEPT, HSC, DF-COSY, HMBC and EI-MS spectral data respectively. The IUPAC name of pure organic compound (WH-1) is (E)4-(4-(2-carboxyvinyl)-2-hydroxyphenoxy)-3-hydroxy benzoic acid.	2018
16	Myint Myint Kyi	IDENTIFICATION OF SOME BIOACTIVE ORGANIC CONSTITUENTS FROM THE AERIAL PARTS OF Clerodendrum indicum (L.)KUNTZE(NGA-YANT-PADU) USED IN THE TREATMENT OF ASTHMA	ochemical constituents from aerial parts of the selected medicinal plant: (L.) Kuntze (Nga-yant-padu) which are widely used in Myanmar for the treatment of diseases such as asthma, cough, typhoid, vermifuge, diarrhea and urinary complaint. By silica gel column chromatographic separation method, 0.002% of palmitic acid (A) (m.pt 63-64C), 0.24% of stigmasta-5, 22, 25-triene-3ol (B) (m.pt 151-152C) was isolated from PE extract of whereas separation of defatted EtOAc extract of this plant provided hispidulin (C) (0.36%, m.pt 287-288C), pectolinarigenin (D) (0.064%, m.pt 208-210C) and stigmasterolglucoside (E) (0.05%, m.pt 283284C). The isolated compounds were identified by determination of melting point, some color tests and modern spectroscopic methods. As part of the work on the bioactivity investigation of selected plant, the antiasthmatic action was studied on histamine induced guinea pig trachea . All selected compounds (except palmitic acid) such as stigmasta-5, 22, 25triene-3ol, hispidulin, pectolinarigenin and stigmasterolglucoside were observed to possess 80.2% (P0.01), 73.0% (P0.01), 70.2% (P0.01) and 63.0% (P0.01) of relaxation response on histamine induced guinea pig trachea. Therefore, it can be inferred that selected plant may be useful as a remedy for the treatment of bronchial asthma.	2018
17	Aye Aye Mar	MAGNETITE AND GOETHITE FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT	goethite) were synthesized by co-precipitation method. These iron oxides were characterized by using some modern techniques (XRD, SEM, EDXRF and FT IR). According to XRD data, eight Miller indices [ (111), (220), (311), (222), (400), (422), (511), (440)] of the magnetite samples were found. Three Miller indices [(130), (110), (200)] of the goethite sample were observed. SEM micrograph of magnetite and goethite samples indicated the porous nature of iron oxide samples. According to EDXRF data, the prepared iron oxides showed the presence of iron (100 %) and no other elements were present. According to FT IR data, the magnetite and goethite samples showed the presence of iron-metal oxide bonds. The bands at 894.9 cm-1 be possible due to the iron oxide for magnetite samples and the band located at 891.1 cm-1may be Fe-O groups for goethite sample. Application of magnetite and goethite iron oxide samples were carried out by using model solutions for wastewater treatment. Sorption capacity on magnetite and goethite were measured for contact time and effect of dosage. The efficiency of iron oxide samples for the removal of dyes in wastewater samples were also studied.	2018
18	Hnin Wuit Yee	INVESTIGATION OF SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF WATER SOLUBLE CHITOSAN	The main aim of the research is to study the deacetylation of chitin extracted from prawn shell by enzymatic method and to evaluate scientifically on some biological activities. The isolation of chitin deacetylase producing Bacillus thermoleovorans from soil and bioconversion of chitin to chitosan and water soluble chitosan (WS-chitosan) was converted from the prepared E-chitosan by oxidative depolymerization method. Some pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial activity, antitumor activity, antioxidant activity, acute toxicity, weight loss activity and antilipidemic activity of water soluble chitosan (WS-chitosan) were currently assayed. The antimicrobial activity of WS-chitosan was more effective on gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria. The antitumor activity of WS-chitosan was assayed by potato crown gall (PCG) method. It was found that, the different concentration ranges of chitosan have different inhibited tumor growth manner. In the determination of antioxidant activity of WS-chitosan, the IC50 was found to be 4.20 g/mL. The acute toxicity test of WS-chitosan on albino mice done by the method of the Litchfield and Wilcoxon indicated no toxic effect. According to the study on the weight loss activity of WSchitosan on albino mice carried out by the method of Han et al., 1999, the 600 mg/kg b. wt dose of WS-chitosan is the most eligible dose to reduce the body weight of male and female albino mice. In the investigation of antilipidemic activity of WS-chitosan on albino rats, it was observed the significantly decrease in the �bad� cholesterol: LDL cholesterol and increase in �good�cholesterol : HDL cholesterol. Treatment with WS-chitosan (600mg/kg b.wt) significantly decreased in levels at TC by 59 % , TG by 62 % and LDL by 40 % and 26 % increased in HDL levels at 21 days.	2018
19	May Myint Thu	INVESTIGATION OF PHTOCONSTITUENTS AND SOME BIOACTIVITIES OF LEAVES AND BARKS OF Auilaria agallocha ROXB. (THIT-MHWAE)	The research deals with phytochemical and medico-chemical investigation of Auilaria agallocha Roxb. (Thit-mhwae) (A. agallocha) leaves and barks. The samples were collected from Katawe village, Thayatchaung Township, Tanintharyi Region. Antimicrobial activity of three different extracts (PE, EtOAc, EtOH) of A. Agallocha leaves and barks were determined by agar well diffusion method. Test microorganisms were B. subtilis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, B. pumilus, C. Albicans and E. coli. EtOAc extracts of leaves and barks of A. Agallocha showed the higher antimicrobial activity than other extracts. The cytotoxicity of Thit-mhwae leaves and barks of EtOH and water extract were tested by brine shrimp cytotoxicity bioassay. According to results, the ethanol extract of leaves showed strong cytotoxic effect at LD50 = 23.56 ?g/mL whereas other extracts (ethanol bark, watery leaves and bark) showed cytotoxic to brine shrimp at LD50 = 33.34, 58.50, 60.70 ?g/mL respectively. Therefore, the EtOH extract of leaves was the most potent than other extracts because of the lowest LD50 value and strong cytotoxic. But all of these samples were lower activity than standards K2Cr2O7 (LD50 = 4.38 ?g/mL) and greater activity than caffeine (LD50 = 1000 ?g/mL) in cytotoxicity.	2018
20	Mi Cho	INVESTIGATION ON ANTIDIARRHOEAL ACTIVITY OF SOME PHYTOCONSTITUENTS OF Gardenia coronaria BUCH-HAM. (YIN-GAT-GYI)	The present work concerns with the investigation of some bioactive constituents and anti-diarrhoeal activity of flower and bark of Buch-Ham. (Yin-gat-gyi). The preliminary phytochemical investigation reveals the presence of �amino acids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, organic acids, phenolic compounds, reducing sugars, saponins, steroids and terpenoids in flower while observing alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, organic acids, phenolic compounds, saponins, starch, steroids, tannins and terpenoids in barks. Three organic constituents: benzoic acid (compound I) (0.004%, colourless needle shape), kaempferol (compound II) (0.002%, yellow amorphous form, m.pt = 275-280C) from EtOAc crude extracts of flower and stigmasterol (compound III) (0.0003%, colourless crystals, m.pt = 167-170C) from EtOAc crude extract of bark of YGG have been isolated by using thin layer chromatography and column chromatographic separation methods. antidiarrhoeal activity of compound I, compound II, 95 % ethanol and aqueous extracts of YGG were carried out by using castor oil�induced mice models. The mean frequency of defecation in four hours was found to be significantly decreased by both extracts, compound I, compound II and standard drug loperamide compared with that of control in castor oil � induced diarrhoeal in mice (p<0.005-p<0.001). The percent inhibitions of defecation within four hours for 95 % ethanol extract (1g/kg bw), aqueous extract (4g/kg bw), compound I (5mg/kg bw), compound II (6mg/kg bw) and standard drug loperamide (6mg/kg bw) were 74.41 %, 69.61 %, 57.61 %, 84.78 % and 69.61 %, respectively. It was found that the percent inhibitions of defecation for 95 % ethanol extract (1g/kg bw) and compound II (6mg/kg bw) were higher than that of the standard drug loperamide. Aqueous extract (4g/kg bw), 95 % ethanol extract (1g/kg), compound I and compound II were found to be significantly reduced both volumes and weights of the intestinal fluids secretion, comparable to the effect of the standard drug loperamide in castor oil induced enteropooling test (p < 0.05 � p < 0.001). In the investigation of the intestinal transit test, the percent inhibition of all aqueous extracts and 95 % ethanol extracts (1 g/kg bw and 0.5 g/kg bw), compound I (5 mg/kg bw) and compound II (6 mg/kg bw) on intestinal transits were higher than that of standard drug loperamide (p < 0.001). From these results, the anti-diarrhoeal index in percents for aqueous extracts (4g/kg bw, 2g/kg bw, 1g/kg bw), 95% ethanol extract (1g/kg bw), compound I (5mg/kg bw), compound II (6mg/kg bw) and standard drug loperamide (6mg/kg bw) were found to be 175.82 %, 168.01 %, 115.44 %, 238.53 %, 146.17 % and 285.99 % and 104.3 % respectively. It indicated that both extracts, compound I and compound II were more effective than standard drug loperamide in antidiarrhoeal activity since the higher the anti-diarrhoeal index (%), the more potent in antidiarrhoeal activity. It may be inferred that aqueous and ethanolic extracts of flower of YGG and isolated kaempferol may be used in the formulation of antidiarrhoeal medicine.	2018

Research Publications

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research