Research Publications

Academic theses and dissertations are regularly published and widely disseminated in YUOE Journal, Monographs, Universities Research Journal (URJ), Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science (MAAS) Journal, AsTEN Research Journal and International online Journals for sharing knowledge and contributing to the development of our education.

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research

No. Researcher Title Abstract Year
2511 May Zin Hein1, San Win2 ANXIETY AND READING COMPREHENSION IN ENGLISH OF EDUCATION DEGREE COLLEGE STUDENTS The main purpose of this paper is the relationship between anxiety and reading comprehension in English of education degree college students. It was intended to compare the anxiety and reading comprehension in English of education degree college students from Mawlamyine Education Degree College, Yankin Education Degree College, and Thingankyun Education Degree College. This study also aimed to find out the gender differences and education level differences in anxiety and reading comprehension in English of education degree college students. The quantitative approach was used in this study. A total of 300 (150 males and 150 females) first-year and second-year student-teachers participated in this study. The Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) designed by Horwitz et al. (1986) consists of 33 items, the Foreign Language Reading Anxiety Scale (FLRAS) designed by Saito et al, (1999) consists of 20 items, and Reading Comprehension Test item designed by Cynthia Sherwood (n. d.) consists of 6 questions were used in the instruments (the item types were completion, short answer items, multiple-choice item, matching and essay type). Cronbach's alpha for the Inventory of (FLCAS) was 0.758. Cronbach's alpha for the Inventory of (FLRAS) was 0.751. In this study, no significant difference was found in language anxiety and reading anxiety by gender and education level. Anxiety and reading comprehension in English were significantly correlated at the 0.01 level. These results suggested that students with language anxiety tend to have reading anxiety. Decreasing students’ anxiety and creating a low-anxiety classroom environment might help improve students’ reading comprehension. Since reading anxiety seems to be a more stable construct as compared to language anxiety, coping with reading anxiety may require more time. 2025
2512 Aung Ko Min1, Tin Mar Naing2 A STUDY ON TEACHER SELF-EFFICACY OF IN-SERVICE TEACHERS IN TAIKKYI DISTRICT The main aim of this study was to investigate teacher self-efficacy of in-service teachers in Taikkyi District. This study was conducted by using the descriptive research design and survey method. Among the types of survey studies, a cross-sectional survey was used. Teachers’ self-efficacy for teaching was examined by using a questionnaire survey method. The sample of the present study was 355 in-service teachers (107 Primary Assistant Teachers, 148 Junior Assistant Teachers and 100 Senior Assistant Teachers) in Taikkyi District. In this study, Teacher Self-Efficacy Scale (TSE) designed by Albert Bandura (1997) was used. The reliability coefficient of TSE was 0.90. Based on the descriptive analyses of teachers’ self-efficacy, the teachers in this study were identified into three groups, 16.6% of teachers were considered high group, 69.3% of teachers were grouped into a moderate group; and the remaining teachers of 14.1% were identified as a low group. According to the results of this study, there were no significant differences in teacher self-efficacy of in-service teachers by gender, age, marital status, and teaching subjects, whereas there was a significant difference in teacher self-efficacy of in-service teachers by designation. Among these subscales, there were significant differences on instructional self-efficacy, efficacy to enlist parental involvement, and efficacy to create a positive school climate. 2025
2513 Wah Wah Sann1, Khin Nyunt Nyunt Saw2 AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF INTENTIONAL SELF-REGULATION AND POSITIVE YOUTH DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENTS The main aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between intentional self-regulation and positive youth development of adolescents in Myanmar. Then, this study was to examine the intentional self regulation of adolescents by gender, specialized subject and parents’ education level. In addition, this study was to analyze adolescents’ positive youth development by gender and parents’ education level. In this study, a total of 1110 participants, Grade 10 and Grade 11 students were selected from Basic Education Schools by using random sampling technique. Descriptive survey method was used. This study was conducted at 6 Regions and 4 States in Myanmar. Selection, Optimization and Compensation (SOC) Questionnaire developed by Geldhof et al., (2015) (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.82) was used to measure the intentional self regulation of adolescents. Then, Positive Youth Development Inventory developed by Arnold (2012) (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.92) was used to examine the positive youth development of adolescents. According to the results of independent samples t - test, it was found that there were significant differences in intentional self-regulation by gender and specialized subject. Moreover, the ANOVA results revealed that there were also significant differences in intentional self-regulation by parents’ education level. Concerning positive youth development of adolescents, the results of independent samples t-test showed that there were significant differences in positive youth development by gender. Then, ANOVA results showed significant differences in positive youth development by parents’ education level. Moreover,Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation revealed that the intentional self-regulation of adolescents was positively correlated with their positive youth development (r = 0.635, p<0.01). Therefore, it can be concluded that the high quality of intentional self regulation can affect the well positive youth development of adolescents. 2025
2514 Tin Maung Htwe1 and Khin Mi Mi Khine2 THE OLD CITIES OF KABAW VALLEY* Kabaw valley was one of the territories under the Pyu kings (Myanmar) since Pyu period (from 5th century BC to 9th century AD). Besides, it was also one of the territories under the Myanmar kings since Bagan period (from 9th century AD to 13th century AD). Therefore, Kabaw valley is as part of Ancient Myanmar History. So, Kabaw valley is an important area for Myanmar History. Moreover, Kabaw valley (Kabaw Chaung in Myanmar sources) is an interesting area for researchers in history and archaeology because it has old city sites namely Kalay, Yazagyo, Khampat and Thaungdut. According to some data made by field survey research, these old cities came into existence during the Pyu period and were destroyed and then they were re-built during the Bagan period. Since then, these old cities continued to exist until Konbaung period (AD 1752 1885). Some of these old cities were very important ones for military purpose to northern part of Myanmar. 2025
2515 Kyaw Swe Oo1 THE SACRED MONUMENTS: AN EXAMINATION OF THE REPOSITORY COMPLEX OF TIPI?AKA INSCRIPTIONS IN YENANCHAUNG* This paper examines Tradition of Twin-yoe Twin-za and a Sacred Monument (Repository of Tipi?aka Inscriptions) in Yenanchaung. It aims at having a notion that Dhamma Zed? (Repository of Tipi?aka Inscriptions by Lord Buddha) which is included in four kinds of Zed? of Theravada Buddhism must be revered deeply in the hearts of all the Buddhists. It aims at bringing out a spirit of protection for Dhamma Zed? threatened by the lack of maintenance, and at taking a notice of such sacred monument in Yenanchaung. Based on primary sources and secondary documents, the descriptive method is used for scenes of the monumental buildings, and the analytical method is used for assessing the data collected and visual sources. This paper provides three new interpretations: (1) recognition of struggle for consolidation of Theravada Buddhism in the colonial period (1886-1947) influenced by other religions; (2) recognition of attribute made by an ordinary family who was capable of building such Dhamma Zed?; and (3) recognition of significant structure of the Repository Complex and workmanship on stone slabs. By searching for further Repositories established in Myanmar, the noble practice for strengthening Theravada Buddhism by means of building Dhamma Zed?s has to be honoured. It is expected that all the Buddhists will take a great value for having such practice and will keep a special care for preserving such sacred monuments (Dhamma Zed?s). 2025
2516 San Yu Kyi1 and Thin Thin Aye2 THE TRADITIONAL MEDICINES OF MYANMAR: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE This paper attempts to study the historical background of traditional medicines in Myanmar. Myanmar traditional medicine is a heritage with historical past. There are four types of Myanmar traditional medical science. Myanmar traditional physicians have used Abhidhama and Ayurveda medical treatment methods to cure their patients. So, Myanmar traditional medicine is based on Abhidhama and Ayurvedic concepts. During the Konbaung period (1752-1885), many foreign medical treatises could be translated into Myanmar and some traditional physicians could have invented a sort of medical science based on the concepts of the Abhidhama and Ayurvedic. At that time, although Myanmar traditional physicians were not oriented by academically qualified Ayurvedic physicians, their traditional practice of medicine passed from one generation to another. In 1976, Myanmar Institute of traditional Medicine was opened in Mandalay to be able to produce well- qualified graduated traditional physicians. Now, with the government’s encouragement for development of Myanmar traditional medicine, Myanmar traditional medicine is wide and deep. In this paper, in order to give a reasonably clear picture of the progress of traditional medical science in Myanmar, I would like to present my paper under the following four main points: (1) historical evolution of the Myanmar traditional medicine, (II) human resource development of traditional medicine, (III) National laws and policies and, (IV) future prospects of traditional Myanmar medicines. 2025
2517 Myo Thet Lwin1 STUDY ON THE TRADITIONAL POTTERY INDUSTRY IN AYEYARWADY REGION Earthenware was used in the Neolithic Period though its development occurred at different time. An increased range of craft activities took place in the settlements of this period, notably the manufacture of the first local pottery vessels around 5500 or 5000 BCE. In Myanmar, earthenware has been used since Neolithic period. Pottery has been commonly used for different domestic and religious and ritual purposes. The pottery industry flourishes particularly in the Townships of Ayeyarwady region. The production process of earthenware is very interesting. The potters make this earthenware by using traditional methods. They produce them by hand through five production stages. These production stages are collecting raw materials, preparing paste, shaping pot, applying before baking and baking. Because of the plastic bottles and cans, the earthenware production business of Ayeyarwady Region becomes to decline gradually. 2025
2518 Nwe Nwe Aung1 THE ROLE OF KYAING TONG IN MYANMAR’S RELATIONS WITH HER EASTERN NEIGHBOURS (1752-1885) Kyaing Tong is located on the crossroads which linking Thailand, China and Laos. In monarchical days, Myanmar Kings recognized Kyaing Tong as the easternmost garrison town of Kingdom. During Konbaung Period, Myanmar Kings recognized the rule of Kyaing Tong Sawbwas as well as defended the region from invasions of neighbouring states. This paper aims to revisit the position of Kyaing Tong in dispute and friendly relations between Myanmar and her eastern neighbours. This paper also discusses the relations of Konbaung monarchs with successive Kyaing Tong Sawbwas. 2025
2519 Thaung Kyi1 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYEES' MOTIVATION AND JOB SATISFACTION OF TEXTILE PALACE CO., LTD IN HMAWBI TOWNSHIP* Job satisfaction is the result of various attitude about his or her work and life in general. Job satisfaction of industrial workers are very important for the industry to function successfully. This research paper investigates the relationship between Employees motivation and job satisfaction in Textile Palace Co., Ltd at Hmawbi Township. For this investigation, a sample size of 173 participants such as 40 males and 133 females has been determined. Their age was ranged from 18 to 60 years. The paper also explores the various factors that contribute to Job Satisfaction Scale (JSS) and Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale (WEIMS), including intrinsic motivation, integrated regulation, identified regulation interjected regulation, external regulation and amotivation. WEIMS was developed by Tremblay M.A & et al (2009) and JSS was developed by Spector P.E. (1994). WEIMS and JSS had 18 items and 36 items respectively. In this study, stratified proportionate sampling was employed. The questionnaire was used to gather the primary data. Thus, the collected data were analyzed using statistical tool namely percentage, central tendency (mean, standard deviation), the t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and regression. According to the results, there were not significantly differences between two age groups, between males and females, between marital status and between two groups of length of service based on job satisfaction and motivation. The result of the study indicates a positive correlation between work motivation and job satisfaction were significantly correlated in this study. Then Employee’s Motivation will strongly predict job satisfaction. 2025
2520 Myint Myint Thein1, Nilar Kyu2 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYEES' MOTIVATION AND JOB SATISFACTION OF TEXTILE PALACE CO., LTD IN HMAWBI TOWNSHIP* The major objective of this study was to investigate the effect of poverty on the delinquent character and behavioral development of children in Myanmar. To achieve this objective, the present research looked into the effects of three primary themes that were highly associated with poverty and were known to increase crime: miserable family conditions, school failure, and affiliation with deviant peers. From the Thanlyin Juvenile Training School in the Yangon region, 17 juvenile offenders between the ages of 13 and 17 were chosen using the purposive maximum variation sampling technique. We used a variety of qualitative data collection methods, including in-depth case interviews, observation, and document analysis. The data collected were interpreted using a thematic content analysis. Results showed a high correlation between children's delinquent character and behavioral development and three primary themes that poverty enhances crime. It has been discovered that poverty can cause serious financial difficulties, family stress and suffering, strained parent-child relationships, family conflict, parental divorce, school failure, and association with undesirable people, all of which can be harmful to children. The findings from this study will help understand the real-life experiences of juvenile offenders, particularly those who are suffering from extreme deprivation. The insight gained from this study is anticipated to help implement prevention and intervention programs for juvenile delinquent behavior in Myanmar. 2025