Research Publications

Academic theses and dissertations are regularly published and widely disseminated in YUOE Journal, Monographs, Universities Research Journal (URJ), Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science (MAAS) Journal, AsTEN Research Journal and International online Journals for sharing knowledge and contributing to the development of our education.

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research

No. Researcher Title Abstract Year
2521 May Lwin Nyein1, Hsu Mon Htet2, and Chi Li Zhong3 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COACH’S LEADERSHIP STYLE AND ELITE ATHLETES’ COMPETITIVE STATE ANXIETY IN MYANMAR The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the leadership style of coaches and the competitive anxiety of elite athletes of the Myanmar National Sports Team before the 31st SEA GAMES. This study also attempts to identify the leadership styles of coaches and to describe the competitive anxiety level of athletes in the Myanmar National Sports Team. Participants were 105 elite athletes from the Myanmar National Sports Team. Participants completed a battery of questionnaires, including Leadership Scale for Sports (LSS) developed by Chelladuria and Saleh (1990), the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) introduced by Martens et al. (1990b), and the demographic variables. The results of the descriptive analyses most of the participants perceived their coaches from Myanmar National Sports Team have the tendency to engage in training/instruction behavior, positive feedback behavior and democratic behavior of leadership style. Additionally, most of the elite athletes reported significantly low levels of both cognitive and somatic anxiety and high level of self-confidence. Further, the results of the multiple regression analyses reveled that a coach’s training/instruction behavior decreased athletes’ cognitive anxiety levels, and autocratic behavior and social support behavior increased athletes’ cognitive anxiety levels. The coaches’ autocratic behavior and democratic behavior also increased athletes’ somatic anxiety. However, the research findings indicated that the positive impact on athletes' self confidence from coaching behaviors such as training, instruction, social support, and positive feedback, as well as the negative effects resulting from autocratic and democratic behaviors, did not reach statistical significance. The current study has important implications and practical assistance to sports coaches, athletes, sports psychologists, and coaching education. 2025
2522 Ei Ei Chaw1, Nilar Kyu2 EXAMINING THE ROLE OF GENDER AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS IN EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF SOME MYANMAR EARLY ADOLESCENTS The purpose of this study was to examine the role of gender and socio-economic status on the emotional intelligence of early-adolescent youth in Myanmar. The relationship between demographic variables (gender and socioeconomic status) and emotionality factors (adaptability, general mood, intrapersonal stress, interpersonal stress, and stress management) was examined using a non-experimental correlational design. The simple random sampling technique was used to select 382 students (197 males and 184 female) from three high schools in Mandalay. Early adolescent fifth graders, who ranged in age from 10 to 13, made up the participants. The participants were administered the Myanmar version of the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory and a demographic questionnaire. The demographic sample was described using descriptive statistics. The relationship between the Bar-On EQI scales was examined using a Pearson correlation. The significance of the gender difference in the Bar-On EQI scales was determined using a t-test analysis. The significance of the difference in total emotional intelligence among socioeconomic status (SES) was assessed using an analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings showed that in terms of intrapersonal stress skills, interpersonal stress skills, adaptability, mood, and overall emotional intelligence, girls generally score higher than boys. The higher socio economic status group reported greater adaptability, mood, and overall emotional intelligence. 2025
2523 Oak Soe San1 GEOPOLITICAL PERSPECTIVE ON STRATEGIC SIGNIFICANCE OF MYANMAR* Myanmar’s geographical situation is strategically significant in considering foreign policy and foreign relations. In accordance with its geographical profile and position, Myanmar can hardly be ignored as strategically important for regional powers and players like China and India. Being situated between two big neighbouring powers, Myanmar attempts to navigate its strategic important in line with its geopolitical context. This study will focus on the explanation revolved around the concepts of pivot and gateway that reflects the strategic significant. The main objectives of this paper are to examine the strategic significance of Myanmar from a geopolitical perspective and to provide a better understanding of Myanmar’s strategic importance and its nature. Specifically, the questions of this paper are what factors explain the strategic significance of Myanmar in its geopolitical context, and how does geostrategy of Myanmar play a crucial role in positioning itself favorably among geopolitical players like China and India. This study found that Myanmar’s geostrategic position and geostrategy identify whether it is a favorable or a menace to its national interests in line with the geopolitical context by navigating its strategic role in the geopolitical context. 2025
2524 Kywel Kywel Oo1 THE UN’S ACTIVITIES IN MYANMAR’S EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT (2011-2020) The United Nations (UN) has adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015 to meet crucial environmental, political and economic challenges. Its main theme is to end poverty by improving health, education, economic growth, reducing inequality, tackling climate change and preserving oceans and forests. It is a global partnership including both developed and developing countries to sustain the Earth Planet. Myanmar also takes part in accomplishing the 2030 SDGs Agenda. Among the SDG 17 goals, Goal 4- Quality Education is the utmost important as a driving force in poverty eradication, human and social capital development. This research aims to explore Myanmar’s way of achieving SDG 4 in cooperation with the UN specialized agencies such as the UNESCO and the UNICEF. These two agencies have assisted in Myanmar’s education development by funding, training and material support under the guidelines of the Myanmar government and internationally accepted principles. Even in COVID- 19 period, their cooperation continued through online learning programmes. Their cooperation is no string- attached and catalyst to Myanmar’s continuous education platform. This research analyzes how these two UN agencies have contributed to Myanmar’s education development during the period of 2011- 2020. The qualitative and descriptive method is used in the research by analyzing the primary and secondary data. 2025
2525 Aye Ei Ei Aung Than1, Hein Myat Thu2 CHINA’S WATER DIPLOMACY IN LOWER MEKONG BASIN COUNTRIES China has practiced water diplomacy in the lower Mekong countries by using Lancang-Mekong Cooperation (LMC) framework in order to solve the transboundary water issue. China altered its use of water sovereignty to water diplomacy. This research focuses to explore the reasons of the paradigm shift in Chinese policy on Mekong sub-region and the unique characteristics of China’s water diplomacy. The research finds out that the internal factors as well as external factors leads China’s cooperation with lower Mekong basin countries in the water issues. Moreover, LMC is a framework with greater flexibility and has its own unique characteristics focusing on economic and development rather purely water resources management. 2025
2526 Naw Paw Thaw Thaw1, Tun Aung Kyaw2, Nyein Win Kyaw3, Nang Khin Lake4 LOCAL ECONOMY: MAIZE CULTIVATION AND ITS ECONOMIC RETURN OF LASHIO TOWNSHIP* Lashio, one of the townships of Northern Shan State, is located along Mandalay Muse Road. It is composed of twelve wards and 75 village tracts including 490 village tracts. Like other places of Myanmar, its economy mainly based on agriculture activities. Major crops grown in this township are paddy, maize, groundnut and beans etc. This paper mainly stresses on maize cultivation. In the study area, maize cultivation has boomed up since last 15 years. In 2021-22 the area under maize cultivation was 27,252.93 hectares (67,342 acres) represent 47.15 percent of the total agricultural land. The aim of this paper is to study net economic return of maize cultivation supporting the economy of cultivators in Lashio Township. The objectives are to investigate the favourable conditions for maize cultivation, to examine spatial distribution of maize cultivation and to explore strength, weakness, opportunity and threat of maize cultivation in Lashio Township. Primary data and secondary data were applied in this research paper. Primary data were acquired through field observation, informal talks and discussion with farmers and the responsible persons of the departments concerned. Secondary data such as climatic data, maize cultivated area, productivity and population were derived from the department concerned. Cost-benefit analysis and SWOT analysis were applied in presenting the paper. 2025
2527 Aye Su Han1, Mya Moe Wai2 IMPACT OF OVERPASS BRIDGES ON LAND VALUES ALONG THE PYAY ROAD AND KABARAYE PAGODA ROAD IN YANGON CITY Yangon City is situated in the southern part of Myanmar between Yangon, Bago and Hlaing rivers. It is the commercial hub of the country and the domestic and foreign companies have invested in it since 2005, generating job opportunity for the local youth. The population of the city has been increasing as well as its areal extent. The expansion of the city has oriented towards the north as it is separated by the river in the south. Although a greater number of the population are residing in the new satellite towns, whole sale markets such as Theingyi Market, Nyaungpinlay Market, Large shopping centres, wholesale markets and recreation centres are located in the downtown area in the south. Therefore, a greater number of the residents have to go to the downtown area for purchasing goods, recreation, worksites and per suit of education. As such the main roads linking satellite towns and downtown area have become more important. Pyay and Kabaraye Pagoda roads connect the downtown area and satellite towns. The problem of traffic congestion and traffic jam occurs every day along these main roads, especially at the traffic light posts. Under the supervision of YCDC, overpasses have been constructed at suitable places to reduce traffic jam and accident. This research paper studies the positive and negative impacts of overpass bridges on the local people. The change before and after the construction of the overpass bridges will be studied with GIS and satellite images along the areas concerned. 2025
2528 Tin Tin Mar1 IMPACT OF RAINFALL VARIABILITY ON PADDY CULTIVATION AND PRODUCTION IN HLEGU TOWNSHIP, YANGON REGION, MYANMAR According to the 2014 census, the total population of Myanmar is (51,486,253) persons of which about 70 percent are rural dwellers, Myanmar is agro-based country. Paddy is the main crop in Myanmar. About 80 percent population of Hlegu Township are engaged in agricultural. Paddy is the main crop cultivated in rural areas of Hlegu Township. Seasonal variability of rainfall effects on paddy cultivation and local farmers’ livelihood are study area of Hlegu Township. Rainfall Variability results in low productivity. As a consequence, it is important to know the socio economic characteristic of paddy farmers and their linkage with agricultural productivity as well as farmers’ livelihood. The primary data were collected through focus group discussion and semi- structured questionnaire surveys to understand farmers’ perceptions of Climate Change and its impacts. The research paper was presented by using quantitative and qualitative methods. The results obtained from this research project is significant in planning sustainable agriculture and rural, regional development of the study area. 2025
2529 Zin Nwe Myint1 SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND INFORMAL SETTLEMENT OF YANGON: A REVIEW ON HLAINGTHARYAR TOWNSHIP More than half of the world’s population is living in urban areas and the global urban population is projected to grow by 2.5 billion between 2018 and 2050 according to UN reports. One of the most prominent consequences of rapid urbanisation in developing countries is the persistence and ongoing growth of informal settlements in major cities that challenge the sustainable urbanisation of the developing countries. Yangon is the largest city and main economic hub of Myanmar with a population of more than 4.7 million according to the Census 2014. About 10% of the total population of Yangon is now living in informal settlements (DUHD, 2016). Due to a lack of proper housing schemes, informal settlement largely took place in many parts of the new towns that were established in the urban fringe areas of Yangon during the last three decades. Currently, the informal settlement in new townships of Yangon had increased (World Bank, 2019). Among them, the largest informal settlement of Myanmar can be found in Hlaingtharyar Township. Against this background, the main aims of this research are to understand the controlling factors for the growing informal settlement in Yangon, to assess the housing policy regarding informal settlements and to find feasible solution. This is a primary approach mainly based on secondary data and literature. However, many interviews had done during 2012, 2015 and 2017. Intensive literature search and analysis were made. The limitation of this research is difficulties to conduct field work due to pandemic and security issues related to recent political changes. To substitute this gap, extensive media review was conducted. This study found that community participation is the best to solve the informal settlement problem of Hlaingtharyar in line with the sustainable urban development goals of Yangon. 2025
2530 Saw Thandar1, Cho Cho Lwin 2 MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGE OF AYEYARWADY RIVER FROM CHAUK TO MAGWAY The Ayeyarwady River is the main artery and an important source of multipurpose. Compared to its historical condition, the Ayeyarwady River's morphology has undergone significant changes as a result of erosion and deposition. These natural processes have shaped the river's landscape, altering its course and creating new land formations along its banks. Of all river sections, the Ayeyarwady River from Chauk to Magway area is the most affected by human impacts. Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are widely used for change detection in rivers caused by erosion and deposition. Digital image processing techniques and GIS analysis capabilities are used for detecting temporal variations in erosion and deposition characteristics of the Ayeyarwady River from Chauk to Magway areas during the years 1990, 2011, and 2022. The study aims to assess spatial variation in the Ayeyarwady River in the periods 1991, 2011, and 2022. Landsat satellite images for the years 1990, 2011, and 2022 were processed to investigate the erosion and deposition areas, patterns, and sedimentation conditions of the Ayeyarwady River. In the study, NDWI and MNDWI were used to create the delineation of the water area. Among these two indices, MNDWI results are a more differentiated open water area that has greater positive values than NDWI, as it absorbs more shortwave-infrared (SWIR) wavelengths than near infrared (NIR) wavelengths. Built-up features have negative values and soil and vegetation also have negative values, as soil reflects more SWIR wavelengths than NIR wavelengths. Along the left bank, there is mainly deposition than on the right bank because of the elevation and geological structure. The derived results of channel pattern changes were validated by comparing them with the Sediment Transport Index (STI), and Stream Power Index (SPI). Integration of remote sensing data with GIS is an efficient and economical technique to assess land losses and channel changes in large rivers. 2025