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No. Researcher Title Abstract Year
1671 Soe Soe Htun SOLITARY BEHAVIOUR OF INDIAN FLYING FOX PTEROPUS GIGANTEUS (BRUNNICH, 1782) FROM SALINGYI TOWNSHIP, SAGAING REGION Salingyi is a township in Yinmabin District in the Sagaing Region of Myanmar. The behaviour of Pteropus giganteus was conducted for twelve months; from December 2017 to November 2018. The purposes of this study are to quantify directly the daytime behaviours categories and to know solitary behavioural of roosting bats with relating to ambient temperature. Data collection was conducted clearly visible on a single roost tree purposively sampled for studies of daytime behaviour. Focal sampling and scan sampling were utilized according to Martins and Bateson (2007). The number of individual bats counted in Sizygium jambos colony ranged between a minimum of 174 individuals and maximum of 566 individuals. The diurnal activity patterns consisted of the solitary activities of roosting, sleeping and grooming, stretching and funning. Indian flying foxes were found to sleep most in the early morning (20°C-25°C ) and became active in the afternoon and evening (30°C-35°C). Fanning was more frequently recorded during the afternoon (30°C-35°C) than other time periods in a day. Grooming and wing stretching were increased with ambient temperature (25°C-30°C). The present study indicates that the ambient temperature has a profound effect on the behaviour of Indian flying foxes. 2021
1672 Thida Wai BEEKEEPING METHOD AND LIFE CYCLE OF EUROPEAN HONEYBEE, Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 IN MAGWAY REGION Beekeeping method and life cycle of European honeybee, Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 were conducted in the campus of Pakokku University and Pauk Kone Village, Magway Region during September, 2017 to May, 2018. Migratory beekeeping method was more suitable in the study area instead of stationary methods due to unavailable food sources in main station throughout the year. It was observed that three different castes of honeybee were included in a colony (queen, worker and drone). Honeybees have five stages in their life cycle: egg, larva, prepupa, pupa and adult. The developmental period of the drone from egg to adult stage was the longest (24 days) and followed by worker (21 days) and queen (16 days). Among the casts, queen is the largest and heaviest than drone and worker. Understanding of life stages of Apis mellifera may help the proper management of honeybee colonies. The sizes of honeybee were assumed to be depended on the sufficient of food sources and environmental factors. The data of the present study would provide the information to further researches concerned with beekeeping and ontogenetic development of the honeybee and other related researches. Beekeeping could create the good opportunities of job for livelihood of rural people. 2021
1673 Win War War Kyaw ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA FROM GUT OF CATLA CATLA (HAMILTON, 1822) This research aims at assessing and determining the antimicrobial activity of Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the gut of Catla catla (Catla). Samples of fish were collected from fishery pond near Hinthada Township, Ayeyarwaddy Region. Isolation of LAB was undertaken by serial dilution method on deMan Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) medium, supplemented with 0.5% CaCO3. They were identified based on colony morphology, cell morphology, gram staining, acid fast staining, MR, VP, indole, catalase and motility tests. Total of five strains were isolated. Most isolated strains were gram positive, catalase negative and non- motile, and all were non-acid fast. Colony forming unit (CFU/mL) of isolated bacteria were counted by spread plate technique. CFU were ranging from 24x108 to 30x1010 CFU/mL. Isolated bacteria were also tested for antimicrobial activities using paper diffusion assay against Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Argobacterium tumefaciens, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Escherichia coli. The diameters of the inhibition zones were ranged from 8.4 to 14.7 mm. Out of five isolates, two strains (Cc1 and Cc2) showed antimicrobial activity against four test organism and inhibition zones were significantly higher (p< 0.05) than that of other isolates. These strains demonstrated high antimicrobial properties and could be used as starters for probiotic in fishery pond feeding. 2021
1674 Yadanar Myo ASSEMBLAGES OF WATER BIRD COMMUNITIES IN SOME WETLANDS OF SHWE TANTIT VILLAGE ENVIRONS, PAKOKKU TOWNSHIP, MAGWAY REGION Since water bird communities are often considered biological indicators of wetland ecosystems, assemblages of water birds in wetlands of Shwe Tantit village, Pakokku Township were investigated during August 2019 to July 2020. A total of 37 water bird species belonging to 28 genera, 11 families and seven orders were recorded. Of these, 18 species were migrants and 19 species were residents. During the study period, one near threatened species Threskiornis melanocephalus (Black-headed Ibis) was recorded. In the study area, Glossy Ibis and Eastern Cattle Egret revealed to be highest in abundance and percent composition in bird communities in the study area. The results of present study indicated the importance of wetlands in the study area for the conservation of water birds due to assemblages of different bird communities. 2021
1675 Win Zaw SEASONAL STATUS OF REPTILIAN FAUNA IN KYAIKHTIYOE WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, MON STATE Kyaikhtiyo Wildlife Sanctuary in Mon State is selected as study area, lies between (17º 24? N - 17º 34? N) and (97º 1? E - 97º 10? E), and is about 137 square kilometers (38600 acre) in area. The Mountain range of Wetwun Taung and its eastern environ including Wetwun Chaung and Kadat Chaung was chosen as Site A, Yathae Taung and its western environ as Site B, Wait Sar Taung and along its south-eastern face to near the highest peak at Kyaikhtiyoe Pogada as Site C, and the visitors-walking route from near Kinmon Sakan to Ye Myaung Gyi as Site D respectively. The specimens were collected by direct observation and visual encountered survey (VES). Seventeen reptile species of 11 genera belonging to 7 families of two orders are recorded in the study area. The most seasonal abundance of reptiles was concluded as hot season. the family Gekkonidae (60 individuals) was recorded to be highest number; second Agamidae (38 individuals), third Scincidae (26 individuals), and fourth Viperidae (3 individuals) were followed orderly, Platysternidae (1), Trionychidae (1), and Colubridae (1) as lowest number. 2021
1676 Ohn Mar Tun OCCURRENCE, RICHNESS AND ABUNDANCE OF SOME AVIFAUNA IN HMANPYA HILL ENVIRONS, WAINGMAW TOWNSHIP, KACHIN STATE The study on the occurrence, richness and abundance of avifauna in Waingmaw Township, Kachin State was conducted from September 2018 to January 2019. Hmanpya Hill in Maina Reserve Forest was allocated as the study area. A total of 496 individuals accounted from 30 species of birds distributed under 26 genera, representing 17 families and seven orders were recorded. Among these, the largest number of species and individuals were recorded in December and the lowest in September. Relative abundance indicated that five species were found as very common (vC), 11 species as Common (C) and 14 species as uncommon (uC). Species richness was found to be the highest (R = 3.19) in December and the lowest (R = 1.66) in October. According to the IUCN Redlist, 29 species were in Least Concern category while, Psittacula alexandri Red-breasted Parakeet with regarded as Near Threatened. Since, the present study area is located within the Maina Reserve Forest and harboured suitable habitats to support sufficiently large number of bird species, there is a need to maintain the friendly nature of the environment in order to safeguard the sustainability of the bird species that thrive in the area. 2021
1677 Hla Moe Aye MICROHABITAT UTILIZATION OF SOME ANURAN SPECIES IN MINBU ENVIRONS Microhabitat utilization of some anurans were investigated during June 2018 to May 2019 in Minbu environs. Weekly data collection was carried out in the late evening. A total of 22 species inhabitated in ten microhabitats were recorded. Out of the recorded species, the highest numbers of species (15 species) were from paddy field while the lowest numbers of species (three species) were observed in temporary pool microhabitat. The anuran species were distributed in the study area and well-occupied in the different microhabitats located in different areas. 2021
1678 Soe Soe Aye STATUS OF MERCURY CONTAMINATION IN MUSCLE OF WALLAGO CATFISH FROM AYEYARWADY RIVER SEGMENT BETWEEN SINGU AND SAGAING TOWNSHIPS, MANDALAY REGION, MYANMAR The Impact of mercury pollution has been a critical issue worldwide. The present study focused on assessment of mercury contamination status in Ayeyarwady River using adult Wallago catfish as bio-indicator during June 2017 to December 2019. Mercury concentration in the muscle of fish was analysed by mercury analyser (MA-3 Solo NIC). Mean mercury concentration in fish muscle was recorded as 0.62±0.23 ppm (dry weight basis), and 0.14±0.05 ppm (wet weight basis). Average mercury concentration in the fish muscle in wet weight basis showed lower than the WHO (1990) standard (<0.5µg/g), while higher than this standard in dry weight basis. Mercury concentration in fish muscle of the present study was about five times lower than last five years record in Ayeyarwady River. Illegal gold mining is the major source of mercury contamination to the aquatic ecosystem of the Ayeyarwady River, so as education program to local people and regular monitoring about the hazard of mercury are effective tools for the conservation of vulnerable aquatic organisms and health safety of the people. This finding would be provided the information for assessing the impact of the mercury pollution on biodiversity, especially Irrawaddy Dolphin in the Ayeyarwady River of Myanmar. 2021
1679 Hele Swe Po BREEDING BIOLOGYOF BURMESE BUSHLARK, MIRAFRA MICROPTERA HUME, 1873 IN BAGAN ENVIRONS Study on the breeding biology of avian species is the key to understand their behavior, demographics, and population dynamic. Thus, the present study was intense on this field in little know of Myanmar endemic species, Burmese Bushlark (Mirafra microptera) to fulfillthe regional data gap. The monthly field survey was conducted from March 2017 to September 2019. Fifty-one nests were found in three years study periods. The breeding seasonof Mirafra microptera was from the beginning of March to the mid of September with 1- 2 eggs in clutch size. Twenty-six eggs out of 100 eggs hatched with the hatching success (26%),fledgling successes (81%), breeding success (41%), and crude breeding success (21%) recorded for three years study periods. Breeding success was a significantly negative relationship with temperature and a positive relationship with humidity. 2021
1680 Yamin Kyaw INFLUENCE OF POTASSIUM SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA ON GERMINATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) SEEDLING Totally five potassium solubilizing bacteria (KSB) were isolated from rhizosphere of grass (Brachiaria mutica Staf.) and maize (Zea mays L.). To know the density of bacterial inoculum, plate count method was used. To identify the isolated bacteria, basic staining methods and biochemical tests of KB003Hi25TM Identification Kit were used. In order to evaluate the effects of potassium solubilizing bacteria on the growth of maize, five replicates of laboratory experiment with five treatments KSBGR-1(T1), KSBGR-10(T2), KSBMS-1(T3), KSBMR-1(T4), KSBMR2(T5) and one control were carried out in Microbiology Laboratory, Zoology Department, Pathein University during May 2019 to January, 2020. Seeds were inoculated with solution of 108 CFU/mL of KSB and control seeds were not inoculated. The isolated bacterial strains were identified as Bacillus sp. The germination percent of maize increase over control at different treatments were 94.4%, 89.6%,85.6%, 82.4%, 78.4%, and 72.8%, respectively in the order T3>T1>T5>T2>T4> Control. In this study, root length and shoot length of treated seedlings increased significantly (p<0.05) over control at 4DAS, 6DAS and 7DAS. These results suggested that inoculation of isolated KSB can be considered as efficient alternative biofertilizers to promote maize seed germination and development. 2021