Research List

No.	Researcher	Title	Abstract	Year
2881	Mya Theingi Soe1	THE STUDY ON THE BUDDHA LIFE STORIES OF BAGAN PERIOD: THE DESCENT FROM T?VATI?SA*	The main aim of this paper is to study the Descent from T?vati?sa on the Buddha life stories depicted in the paintings of ancient temples from Bagan which has now been recognized as a world heritage site in Myanmar. Buddhism has flourished in Myanmar before Bagan period and reached at its highest point in Bagan period. The people of Bagan period, both elite class and commoners, had built religious monuments. Their major aim was that they wanted the Buddhism to last longer until 5000 years. They used to decorate the inner walls and ceilings of temples with mural paintings. Mural paintings that adorned the inner walls of temples during the Bagan period, spanning from 11th to the 13th century CE. This period is often referred to as the �Golden Age� of Myanmar art. The earliest wall painting of the Descent from T?vati?sa can be observed in Nagayon Temple in early period. In middle and late Bagan period, the Descent from T?vati?sa was also popular and they were beautifully drawn on the walls of the temples. One of the major themes of their paintings was the eight great scenes of the Buddha's life including the Descent from T?vati?sa which was one of the most popular themes in Buddhist art of Myanmar. Therefore, the study of Bagan Temples will be provided the remaining of Bagan mural paintings works in �Where and what type of decorative art in Bagan Temples,� which can be seen Temple No. 2157/1451, Monument No. 1152, Monument No. 92 and Monument No. 339/212 (B). The methodology for this research paper is mainly based upon the previously published texts and private field survey and art remains of mural paintings which has been failure in previous attempts are organized with the recent finding.	2025
2882	Thiri Thaw1	NON-FORMAL EDUCATION OF STUDENTS AT MARY CHAPMAN SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF*	The deaf students possess the same intellectual level like other normal students but some deaf students cannot study formal education like normal students. Such kind of students need to teach non-formal education to adapt in society. Mary Chapman School for the Deaf provides the deaf students not only formal education but also non-formal education. Mary Chapman School for the Deaf was established in Myanmar since 1920. This paper titled Non-Formal Education of Students at Mary Chapman School for the Deaf. This research was conducted by using qualitative research methods. Key informant interview (KII), individual in-depth interview (IDI), informal conversations and participant observation became the key tools for data collection. The aim of this research is to describe the non-formal education of students at Mary Chapman School for the Deaf. The results of this study aim to prove that non-formal education is also the way for the deaf students to adapt, sustain successful careers and achieve prosperity within their communities.	2025
2883	Khin Phyo Wai1	VULNERABLE LIVELIHOOD AND RUBY MINING: A CASE STUDY OF RUBY MINING AREA IN MOGOK TOWNSHIP, MANDALAY REGION	Livelihoods encompass how different people make a living depending on where they live. Livelihood system which is sustainable or vulnerable can be determined based on the degree of resilience and sensitivity. Ruby mining in Bawlonegyi village is facing with challenges in livelihood. This study aims to investigate the vulnerability of livelihoods in ruby mining community. The specific objectives are to illustrate the consequences of ruby mining that generated vulnerable livelihood condition and to analyze households� livelihood strategies that are coping local people. In this research, qualitative research method especially ethnographic research approach was mainly applied. In collecting ethnographic data, research methods such as observation, participant observation, key informant interview (KII) and in-depth interview (IDI) were used. Research subjects are the village abbot, village heads, village elders, local people who conducted various economic activities and other knowledgeable persons who can explain about necessary data. This research was conducted from 2019 to 2022. Although the locals could operate small-scale ruby mining freely prior to 1962 in earthen pit, in later times they could no longer mine freely. In 1991, small-scale mining permits were granted and after 2006, the large-scale mining was granted a permit due to the policy changes. Because of these conditions, locals faced with difficulties in their traditional livelihoods. Thus, local coped with various livelihood strategies such as diversification of economic activities, migration, agriculture and also investment in education for their future generations.	2025
2884	Hnin Ei Moe1	HAND-PAINTING AS A CULTURAL TOURISM PRODUCT: A CASE STUDY IN BAGAN, MANDALAY REGION, MYANMAR	The title of this paper is hand-painting as a cultural tourism product: a case study in Bagan, Mandalay region, Myanmar. The main purpose of this paper is to explore the role of hand-painting art within the tourism sector in Bagan. The specific objectives are to analyse the impact of tourism on hand-painting artists and to describe tourists� perceptions and preferences regarding hand painting. Qualitative research method is used in this research. The findings reveal that hand painting has evolved from a creative pursuit into a thriving business, generating income and creating employment opportunities for local artists. This activity allows visitors to connect deeply with Myanmar's heritage, serving as a unique and memorable souvenir. Tourists, particularly domestic travelers, often choose designs inspired by temple murals, and the service is offered in temporary stalls adorned with traditional elements like Pathein umbrellas and puppets to attract customers. Despite its commercialization, hand-painting maintains its cultural significance by merging traditional art with modern tourist experiences. As tourism grows in Bagan, the demand for hand-painting is expected to rise, further solidifying its role as a distinctive cultural tourism product that enhances visitors� cultural immersion and appreciation of Myanmar�s artistic heritage.	2025
2885	Kay Thwe Myint Mon1	DIVISION OF LABOR IN WEAVING AT LEIK SAN KHUN VILLAGE, AMARAPURA TOWNSHIP, MANDALAY REGION	This research illustrates the weaving of Leik San Khun Village, Amarapura Township, Mandalay Region. In Leik San Khun village, the weaving industry was done by hand loom before 1994 - 1995. Since 1994 - 1995, power looms have been introduced. The research aims to describe the division of labor in the weaving industry of Leik San Khun Village. The specific object is to reveal how the process of weaving has been done in Leik San Khun Village. The qualitative research method was used to collect the data. Research tools were key informant interviews, in-depth interviews, individual interview and, participant observation. Among the 719 houses in Leik San Khun village, 277 houses, 39%, depend on the weaving business. There are 1,159 weaving machines whereas three houses have hand looms. There are ten stages in weaving process in Leik San Khun village. Although there are no differentiated tasks for males and females, some tasks are suitable for males whereas some are suitable for females. Women do the tasks which do not need to use strength such as Chichachin (????????????), Rahatpyanchin (????????????????), Hnatkawchin (????? ???????), Yinthwarpautchin (???? ?????? ???????), Yatphaukyaukchin (? ?? ??? ???????), and weaving. Men do tasks that have to use physical strength such as treading the thread, dyeing the thread, Seephawchin (?????? ???????), Charpotechin (?? ????????????) and Charlatechin (?? ????????????), and other tasks that have to use brain such as drawing the design on a graph. Most of the local people can do two or three steps of weaving skillfully. It is learned that the weaving business has been carried out for generations and that the third generation is currently doing the weaving.	2025
2886	Aye Min Htut1	THE ANALYSIS STUDY OF CHANGING THE CURRICULUM OF FIRST YEAR BACHELOR DEGREE IN RUSSIAN FROM THE 2023-2024 ACADEMIC YEAR, ITS EXPLORE TEACHING AND PRESENT INNOVATIONS*	This study looks into how students' learning progresses in the five moral values. It examines the ways in which it provides assistance. The true advancement lies in the individual's wealth of knowledge; therefore, human resource development is essential. The book, which produces for learners, creates sympathy and wisdom. It provides knowledge for education but also instills patriotism, love for the country, and the value of preserving cultural heritage. Talented people really need help to develop intelligence in children. They should aim to achieve a peaceful, natural environment as well as a peaceful, polite, and happy social environment. If education and rationality are high, evil deeds will be reduced. To improve one's intelligence and rationality, one has to start w	2025
2887	Htar Htar Wai1	A STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHINA'S HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM	China has significantly enhanced the quality of education through comprehensive curriculum reforms and other strategic initiatives. With a goal to build a modern education system, China aims to achieve universal access to quality pre-school education, advance vocational training, support development for disabled youth, and establish an education management framework that engages society as a whole, beyond government involvement alone. The Chinese education system is recognized globally for its high standards. In recent years, China's rapid economic growth has spurred substantial advancements in educational standards. Currently, the education system in China is progressing along multiple dimensions. This study examines the structure and functioning of the Chinese education system, with the aim of providing valuable insights for the learners and scholars of the Chinese language.	2025
2888	Moe Yin Nyeinn1, Sandar Htay2, Theingi Htar3	A STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING AIDS IN TEACHING SYNTAX AT YUFL	This study investigates the effectiveness of using tree diagrams and visual presentations of syntax components to understand syntactic rules and develop students' reading skills. It aims to examine whether the targeted syntax teaching enhances students' decoding abilities and comprehending the texts, especially, general linguistics. Syntax stands as an important role in various areas, especially reading comprehension, writing and translation. But most of the students usually focus on vocabulary and other strategies when they read the new texts. They do not realize the importance of syntax in reading comprehension. This research addresses this gap by examining how specific syntax components improve comprehending the texts. In this study, the students from Japanese major were tested with the created design. At the beginning, the teachers from the department of linguistics were interviewed whether they agreed that teaching syntax is needed to understand the complex sentences and then the experimental group, First Year Japanese Specialization students from Yangon University of Foreign Languages, was asked to answer the yes/no questions about the knowledge of syntax and reading comprehension tests. After that they received targeted syntax instruction for six periods. Data were collected through reading comprehension tests and sentence analyzing. Finally, same tasks of the beginning of the experiment were asked again to get the feedback from students. The final findings pointed out the significant improvements of students in reading comprehension, better decoding of complex sentences and analyzing the components of sentences compared with the beginning results. Therefore, it can be seen that using visual aids in teaching syntax appears to be a useful tool for promoting reading skills. Moreover, the results enhance overall reading proficiency. Future research could further discover the effects and application of syntax instruction in translation and writing skills.	2025
2889	Daw May Phyo Phyo Han1	FACTORS INFLUENCING SELF-CARE ABILITY AMONG THE ELDERLY IN MYANMAR	With the rapidly growing aging population in Myanmar, effective self-care practices have become increasingly important for ensuring the well-being and independence of the elderly. This study investigates the relationship between self-care ability and various demographic and socioeconomic factors among the elderly population in Myanmar, using data from the 2019 Inter Census Survey. Descriptive analysis revealed that while most elderly individuals reported no difficulty with self care, they did not meet the criteria for successful aging due to limited engagement in active and productive activities. Pearson�s Chi-square test indicated that variables such as gender, age, place of residence, marital status, education, general health status, occupation, household income, and participation in social activities were significantly associated with self-care ability. Binary logistic regression analysis further demonstrated that poor general health, rural residence, and living in Rakhine State negatively impacted self-care ability, while higher educational attainment, increased income, female gender, marital status, employment, social engagement, and residence in certain regions (e.g., Kayin, Kachin, Mandalay, etc.) had a positive effect. These findings highlight the urgent need for comprehensive government interventions to support the elderly population, including improvements in healthcare access, expansion of social protection, enhancement of long term and mental health care services, and the promotion of social inclusion.	2026
2890	Myint Myint Kyi1	THE MEDIATING ROLE OF SELF-EFFICACY BETWEEN SELF-LEADERSHIP AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS FROM MANDALAY UNIVERSITY OF DISTANCE EDUCATION*	This paper intends to analyse the effect of self-leadership on academic performance, and to examine the mediating role of self-efficacy between self-leadership and academic performance of oriental studies students from Mandalay University of Distance Education (MUDE). The scope is limited to only second year and third year students who enrolled at MUDE for academic year 2024. The first year students are excluded due to early time to assess their academic performance, and the final year students are also neglected due to low benefits for them as lesson learn from this research findings: this semester is very near to finish their distance study. The two-stage sampling approach is applied. At the first stage, simple random sampling method is applied by randomly selecting one major specialization among fourteen major specializations offered at MUDE. The selected major specialization is oriental studies. There are 40 second year students and 15 third year students at this major in 2024 (total 55 students). At the second stage, the 38 students are randomply selected from 55 students (69% of total). The primary data are collected from them by questionnaire survey method. The structured questionnaires are distributed to them in classes, then collected their responses. From analyses, it is found that most of the students have high self-leadership skills, strong self-efficacy, and they have confidence in their effort to pass the exam or to gain good academic performance results. Their self-leadership skills have positive significant influence on academic performance. Moreover, their self-efficacy has positive significant mediating effect between self leadership and academic performance. From comparing the direct effect of self-leadership on academic performance and the indirect effect of self-leadership through self-efficacy on academic performance, the direct effect is larger than indirect effect. Thus, top management and teachers should consider developing curriculum and syllabuses for enhancing the self-leadership and self efficacy of students.	2026

Research Publications

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research