Research Publications

Academic theses and dissertations are regularly published and widely disseminated in YUOE Journal, Monographs, Universities Research Journal (URJ), Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science (MAAS) Journal, AsTEN Research Journal and International online Journals for sharing knowledge and contributing to the development of our education.

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research

No. Researcher Title Abstract Year
2861 Seinn Seinn Maw1 LEGAL STUDY ON PRESERVATION AND PROTECTION OF INLE LAKE The Inle Lake is one of the most prominent landmarks in Shan State. It is very important to the living organisms. Human activities have led to degradation and loss of lake ecosystems, loss of biological diversity and climate change. This paper aims to protect the Inle Lake’s ecosystem legally, to get the benefits from the lake’s resources and to explore the adequacy of the current legal provisions on conservation of the Inle Lake. This study utilized the qualitative interview questionnaires conducted with 30 respondents living in the Inle Lake. Among them, fifteen persons said that the main problem of Inle Lake’s loss and degradation are extremely disposing the garbage and sewages. Moreover, five persons said that the Lake is facing gardens and ten persons said that it is degradation by deforestation in the catchment areas. While there are more than 90 volunteer groups dedicated to preserving the Inle Lake, only three groups are working effectively. The key findings include a lack of awareness about the Inle Lake conservation, lack of wise use of lake resources and lack of funding. Degradation of the Inle Lake ecosystem poses a big challenge for their local community. Despite their awareness about the degradation of the lake’s ecosystem, they lack knowledge about how to conserve and maintain it. In order to address this issue, the Inle Lake Conservation Law was enacted in 2019, but this law deals only with the Inle Lake. The National Wetland Policy was enacted in 2019. There are many important wetlands, such as the Inle Lake in Myanmar. Therefore, a specific law for all the areas of wetlands should be enacted in Myanmar. 2026
2862 Ei Phyu Thin1 LEGAL PROTECTION AGAINST CYBERBULLYING AND CYBER VICTIMIZATION Cyberbullying and cyber victimization have emerged as significant issues in the digital age, affecting individuals across various age groups and geographic locations. This study examines the legal frameworks currently in place to address these issues, focusing on how laws can effectively protect victims and deter perpetrators. The research analyzes the existing legal protections under telecommunications, electronic transactions, criminal, and tort laws, highlighting their strengths and limitations. The findings suggest that while some legal measures provide a foundation for addressing cyberbullying, there is a critical need for more comprehensive and targeted regulations. The study also emphasizes the importance of integrating multi-modal approaches, including public education and international cooperation, to address the complex nature of cyberbullying and cyber victimization. The recommendations for future legal and policy developments aim to create a more robust framework to safeguard individuals in the online environment. 2026
2863 Su Lae Win1 A LEGAL STUDY ON SETTLEMENT OF MATRIMONIAL DISPUTESUNDER KACHIN CUSTOM AND TRADITION This research aims to analyze the settlement of matrimonial disputes by Kachin custom and tradition, which has been rooted since the old days. In deciding their matrimonial disputes, Kachin referred to the Salangs (elders). The opinions of Salangs (elders) with regarding to the settlement of disputes were respected and followed among the disputants. The principles and opinions of the council of Salangs (elders) are gradually developed into Kachin custom and tradition up to present time. Settlement of matrimonial disputes under Kachin custom and tradition is immemorial, reasonable and not opposed to the natural justice. No one can deny that the source of customary law is the common custom of people. Hence, the court should take Kachin custom and tradition into consideration in deciding the matrimonial disputes between Kachin. 2026
2864 Hnin Pwint Aye1 LEGAL PROCESSES IN WINDING UP OF COMPANIES UNDER MYANMAR INSOLVENCY LAW 2020 Winding up refers to the procedure through which a business ceases its operations and its assets are liquidated to settle debts and distribute any remaining funds to shareholders or creditors. This research explores the complexities inherent in the winding up proceedings of companies in Myanmar, with a particular emphasis on the legal structure dictating this process and its implications for corporate rescue and rehabilitation. The study aims to examine and define key legal aspects, including provisions, definitions, and regulations surrounding the winding up of companies. Additionally, it seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of the legal framework in addressing corporate rescue and rehabilitation during the winding up process. The outcomes of the research show that Myanmar's rehabilitation and restructuring regime provide a structured framework for companies suffering financial distress. The initiation of rehabilitation, whether voluntary, by a secured creditor, or through a court order, includes a crucial aspect: the imposition of a three-month moratorium during the rescue stage. This provides a protective shield against legal actions during the development of a rehabilitation plan, with certain improvements to the existing legal framework identified. This research highlights the strengths and limitations of Myanmar's legal framework for the winding up of companies, offering practical suggestions for enhancement. Through implementing these suggestions, Myanmar has the opportunity to fortify its insolvency framework, making it more adaptable, supportive, and conducive to successful corporate restructuring amidst financial challenges. Focusing on effective corporate governance and legal reforms contribute to a more resilient and sustainable business environment in Myanmar, fostering long-term prosperity and peace through improved insolvency practices. 2026
2865 Zin Mar Wai1 TRADEMARK PROTECTION UNDER REGISTRATION SYSTEM IN MYANMAR Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) play a key role in supporting a developing, market-oriented economy. This paper explores Myanmar’s transition from a declaration-based trademark system to a modern first-to-file registration framework under the 2019 Trademark Law. The reform is essential for aligning with international standards, including the TRIPS Agreement and the Paris Convention. Although the new law provides a framework for substantive examination, there is many legal and administrative challenges in its practical implementation faces. This study examines transitional issues such as the appointment of representatives or agents, determining effective filing dates, particularly for pre-existing marks, and streamlining registration procedures. This paper indicate that successful implementation depends not only on legal provisions but also on strengthening public and administrative awareness and establishing clear, efficient administrative rules to address practical obstacles and ensure effective, nationwide trademark protection in Myanmar. 2026
2866 Ei Ei Thae1 STRENGTHENING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ENFORCEMENT FOR MSMES: THE ROLE OF MYANMAR'S INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY COURTS Myanmar has enacted essential intellectual property (IP) legislation, comprising the Industrial Design Law, the Trademark Law, the Patent Law, and the Copyright Law. Notwithstanding these developments, the efficient execution and enforcement of these laws continue to pose challenges. Enforcement mechanisms in Myanmar comprise civil and criminal actions against intellectual property infringements, as well as border enforcement to mitigate counterfeit goods. Furthermore, court-facilitated mediation provides a time-efficient and economical method for settling intellectual property conflicts. This article seeks to assess the efficacy of Myanmar's intellectual property laws and enforcement procedures via IP Courts, with specific emphasis on their influence on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). It examines the efficacy of these laws in fostering innovation and competitiveness among MSMEs and evaluates the impact of specialized IP courts on enhancing IP enforcement. The study uses qualitative research approach. The study aims to pinpoint deficiencies and obstacles in existing enforcement techniques, evaluate the influence of specialist IP courts on judicial efficiency, and provide recommendations for enhancing IP enforcement procedures. This study will provide significant recommendations for policymakers and practitioners regarding the improvement of intellectual property protection and enforcement. Furthermore, it will establish a basis for subsequent study on the convergence of intellectual property law, economic development, and support for micro, small, and medium enterprises, potentially impacting the formulation and implementation of intellectual property policies in analogous situations. 2026
2867 Swe Swe Than1 SERIOUS AND NON-POLITICAL CRIMES UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW Serious and non-political crimes under international law emphasis its importance for extradition, mutual legal assistance and the suppression of transnational crime. While many legal systems exclude political offenders from extradition to protect legitimate political activity, states also recognize that grave offenses such as murder, terrorism, trafficking and other violent or organized crimes must not be shielded by claims of political motivation. The study analyzes treaty provisions state practice and relevant judicial decisions to clarify how international law defines and interprets serious and non-political crimes and how this distinction affects international cooperation. The findings highlight the need for consistent legal standards to prevent the misuse of political offense exceptions and to ensure accountability for offenders who pose significant threats to international peace, security and public order. 2025
2868 Khine Nyunt Oo1 LEGAL PROTECTION OF MARINE PROTECTED AREAS In order to conserve marine biodiversity, control human activity, and protect ecosystems from environmental concerns including pollution, overfishing, and climate change, it is important that Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) be legally protected. This study examines the national and international legal frameworks that regulate marine protected areas (MPAs), evaluating their efficacy, methods of enforcement, and difficulties in maintaining compliance. In order to improve the protection of these crucial ecological zones, it also emphasizes the significance of fusing sustainable development objectives with marine conservation legislation and fostering more collaboration among stakeholders. 2025
2869 Nang Kalyar Woon1 LEGAL CONTROL ON DISPOSAL OF PLASTIC WASTE IN MYANMAR Plastic waste refers to the accumulation of discarded plastic materials in the earth's environment. It is a serious issue that must be addressed urgently and internationally. The most common methods for plastic waste disposal are landfill, incineration, and recycling. Among them, land disposal is the most widely practiced method worldwide. However, improper disposal of plastic waste can lead to plastic-polluted beaches and oceans, plastic-littered landscapes, and the release of toxic fumes from burning plastic. Therefore, public education and awareness are essential elements in changing human behaviors to address plastic waste issues. The main aim of this paper is to prevent the improper disposal of plastic waste with effective legislation. This paper will examine the legal measures for uncontrolled disposal of plastic waste, the best methods of plastic waste disposal, and prevention of plastic waste in Myanmar. The results from this paper indicate that Myanmar would be able to take action with effective legislation for uncontrolled disposal, to get the best methods of disposal in reducing plastic waste, to implement the effective legislation and practices in preventing plastic waste, to promote public education and awareness concerning disposal, and finally, to become a clean environment from plastic pollution. 2025
2870 Swe Zin Phyo12 UNDERSTANDING ENVIRONMENTAL HARMS AND LEGAL PROTECTION OF MYANMAR’S MINING INDUSTRY This study analyses the environmental harms caused by Myanmar’s mining industry and evaluates the legal frameworks governing environmental protection. Although mining remains a vital contributor to the national economy, it has generated severe ecological consequences such as water and air pollution, deforestation, and biodiversity loss. The research employs doctrinal and case analysis to examine national legislation, including the Environmental Conservation Law (2012), the Myanmar Mines Law (1994, amended 2015), and the Environmental Impact Assessment Procedures (2015), alongside relevant international environmental principles such as the precautionary and polluter-pays principles. The findings reveal weaknesses in enforcement and persistent legal challenges, particularly in illegal and unregulated mining zones. Based on this analysis, the paper proposes actionable recommendations to strengthen Myanmar’s legal and institutional responses to environmental degradation in the mining sector. 2025