Research List

No.	Researcher	Title	Abstract	Year
1501	Pann Yone	STUDIES ON BIOACTIVITY AND STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION OF ISOLATED BIBENZYL DERIVATIVES FROM DENDROBIUM PULCHELLUM ROOT EXTRACTS	The objective of the present study is to investigate bioactive metabolites from Dendrobium pulchellum roots. Bibenzyl derivatives extracted by acetate ethyl namely, 4-(4-hydroxy3-methoxyphenethyl)-2, 6-dimethoxyphenol (1) and 4-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenethyl)-2,6-dimethoxy phenol (2) were isolated by using separation techniques such as thin layer and column chromatography. The structure elucidation the isolated compounds was performed based on NMR and mass. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of crude extract was evaluated by using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. Furthermore, the acute toxicity and antimicrobial activities of crude extracts were also examined.	2021
1502	Hlaing Myint Thu	IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SELECTED SOIL FUNGUS, HMF-33	The present research work was focused on the identification and extraction of antimicrobial active soil fungus HMF-33. This fungus was isolated by serial dilution method from the soil of Naung Taw village, Homalin Township. The macroscopic and microscopic characters of HMF-33 were observed on the Blaskeslee�s Malt Extract Agar (BMEA Medium), Czapek-Dox Agar (CZA Medium), Malt Extract Agar (MEA Medium), Glucose Ammonium Nitrate Agar (GAN Medium), Potato Glucose Agar (PGA Medium) and incubated for 7 days at room temperature. According to the results, selected fungus HMF-33 was identified as the genus Penicillium sp. In the investigation of fermentation medium (FM), eight kinds of fermentation media was studied by using various carbon and nitrogen sources. Among them, FM 6 showed the higher antimicrobial activity than other fermentation media on seven test organisms. In the results of paper chromatography, n-butanol was the most suitable solvent for extraction of antimicrobial secondary metabolites from fermented broth of HMF-33 and bioautographic assay showed Rf values had 0.92 on Bacillus subtilis and 0.90 on Candida albicans. Furthermore, crude extract 33.0g yielded from 17.5L of fermented broth of Penicillium sp., HMF-33 and showed highly antimicrobial activities (20.53-32.94mm) against (gram positive, gram negative bacteria and fungi) ten test organisms. Crude extract of Penicillium sp. (HMF 33) possessed broad spectrum bioactivity. Therefore, crude extract of Penicillium sp. may be used by the pharmaceutical industries for the production of antimicrobial compounds from local sources.	2021
1503	Mar Mar Aye	HEAVY METAL TOLERANCE AND BIOSORPTION POTENTIAL OF ASPERGILLUS NIGER ISOLATED FROM SOLID MINING WASTE	The fungi are the most common and efficient group of the heavy metal resistant microbial family which have potential for metal biosorption study. In this research work, ten fungi were isolated from solid mining waste and soil sample. The isolated fungi were screened for their heavy metals tolerance to different concentrations (0-20 mM) of Cr6+, Cu2+, Cd2+, and Ni2+ solutions. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for (Cr6+, Cu2+, Cd2+, and Ni2+) were also determined by the agar diffusion method. Most of the isolates were tolerant of the metals. Among all fungal strains, isolated from solid mining waste, Aspergillus niger was the highest resistant to Cu2+ ion up to 20 mM. Thus A. niger exhibiting great tolerance to metal ion was used for biosorption study. The optimum parameters for biosorption (pH, contact time, initial metal concentration and adsorbent dose) were studied. The maximum removal efficiency of copper was observed around 60.27 % at pH 4.5 with 0.1g adsorbent dose for 5h. Metal sorbed adsorbents were characterized by FT IR and SEM analysis. In FT IR spectra, changes in spectral data of biomass were observed after absorption of Cu (II) by A.niger. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the morphology of the biomass considerably changed after metal sorption. It could be concluded that A.niger possessed significant heavy metal tolerance and biosorption potential against Cu2+ions.	2021
1504	Khin Myo Myint Tun	NUTRITIONAL VALUES, TOTAL PHENOLIC, TOTAL FLAVONOIDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF RED AND WHITE FLOWER PETALS OF SESBANIA GRANDIFLORA (L.) PERS.	The objectives of this research work were to evaluate the nutritional values, phytochemicals, total phenolic, total flavonoid and antioxidant activity of red and white flower petals of Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. Red and white flower petals possess nutritional values of moisture (6.13 and 5.28 %), ash (4.37 and 5.10 %), fiber (1.40 and 3.60 %), protein (5.99 and 8.32 %), fat (0.83 and 1.53 %), carbohydrates (81.28 and 76.17 %) and energy value (357 and 352 kcal/100 g), respectively. Both varieties of flower samples contain plenty of phytochemicals such as alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, glycosides, ?-amino acids, starch, reducing sugars, carbohydrates, saponin and tannins. The total phenolic content was determined by FolinCiocalteu assay and expressed as gallic acid equivalent. Total phenolic content of red flower petals was found to contain 185.15 ?g GAE/mg of ethanol extract and 82.08 ?g GAE/mg of aqueous extract. Total phenolic content of white flower petal was found to contain 134.38 ?g GAE/mg of ethanol extract and 55.92 ?g GAE/mg of aqueous extract. Total flavonoid content was determined by aluminium chloride colourimetric method and expressed as quercetin equivalent. It was observed that red flowers contain total flavonoid content of 356.85 ?g QE/mg of ethanol extract and 285.33 ?g QE/mg of aqueous extract, and white flowers contain 45.33 ?g QE/mg of ethanol extract and 22.30 ?g QE/mg of aqueous extract. Antioxidant activity of each extract was evaluated by DPPH assay. In DPPH assay, IC50 values were used to determine the antioxidant potential of the sample. Among the extracts ethanolic extracts of both red and white flower varieties exhibited higher DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 213.67 ?g/mL and 322.31 ?g/mL, respectively. S. grandiflora can be regarded as promising candidates for natural plant sources of antioxidant with high values.	2021
1505	Tha Zin Nwe Oo	INVESTIGATION OF PHYTOCONSTITUENTS AND SOME BIOACTIVITIES OF LEAVES AND BARKS OF HOLOPTELEA INTEGRIFOLIA R. (PHYAUK-SEIK)	Due to the increasing resistance of pathogens to the antibiotics, the plant kingdom is more focused than ever because the most parts of the plants have the ability to synthesize a wide variety of chemical compounds that possess important biological functions. The selected Myanmar medicinal plant, Holoptelea integrifolia R. (Phyauk-seik), belonging to family Ulmaceae, is known to have many bioactivities. This research deals with phytochemical and medico-chemical investigations of leaves and barks of H. integrifolia. The preliminary phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of many valuable phytochemicals in both samples. Based on DPPH assay method, the 70% EtOH extracts of leaves and barks of H. integrifolia showed the mild antioxidant activity by comparing with the standard ascorbic acid. The antimicrobial activity of PE, EtOAc and 70 % EtOH extracts of leaves and barks were screened on six microorganisms, namely B. substilis, S. aureus, P. fluorescens, A. flavus, C. albicans and E. coli by paper disc diffusion assay. All of the tested extracts, except PE extract of barks exhibited the antimicrobial activity with inhibition zone diameters ranged between 8 mm ~ 18 mm for leaves and 10 mm ~ 22 mm for barks, while the PE extract of barks did not show the activity. The antiproliferative activity of PE, EtOAc and 70 % EtOH extracts of leaves and barks of H. integrifolia were determined by MTT assay on two human cancer cell lines: A 549 (lung) and HeLa (cervix). All of the tested extracts of leaves exhibited mild activities on two tested cancer cell lines with IC50 values > 100 �g/mL. And, PE and 70 % EtOH extracts of barks exhibited significant activities on two tested cell lines with IC50 values < 20 �g/mL, except the EtOAc extract, while the EtOAc extract of barks showed mild activity on cervix cancer cell line with IC50 value > 100 �g/mL.	2021
1506	Yu Nwe Moe	EVALUATION OF SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF TUBER OF Gloriosa superba L. (Si-mi-dauk)	purgative and so on. In this study, preliminary phytochemical investigation of G. superba revealed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, glycoside, carbohydrate, starch, ?-amino acid, terpenoid, steroid, saponin, tannin, phenolic compound, organic acid and reducing sugar. Cyanogenic glycoside was absent in G. superba. Total alkaloids content (1.11 %) of selected plant sample was determined by using gravimetric method of Harbone. The antimicrobial activities of different crude extracts such as pet-ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol and watery extracts from G. superba were determined against six microorganisms such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhia and staphylococcus aureus by paper disc diffusion method. According to antimicrobial activity screening, pet-ether extract cannot against all strains of microorganisms. EtOAc and H2O extracts were observed to possess mild antimicrobial activity whereas EtOH and MeOH extracts have pronounced antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms. Antiproliferative activity of EtOH and H2O extracts of G. superba (tuber) against A 549 (lung cancer) and Hela (cervix cancer) was investigated by using (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2- yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide or MTT Assay. Antiproliferative activities of all extracts showed strong activities (IC50 ?20 �g/ mL against two cancer cell lines.	2021
1507	Sandar Moe	ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOACTIVITY OF CASEIN AND ALBUMIN FROM FRESH AND PACKED COW MILK SAMPLES	The aim of the study is to isolate and characterize the casein and albumin from selected fresh and packed cow milk samples as well as to determine the minerals and antioxidant activities. Preliminary milk quality tests of both milk samples showed that pH (6.8-6.5) were within normal range in the presence of carbohydrate and reducing sugar gave good quality with alcohol test. The main component of casein I and II (9.11 % and 7.36 %) from both samples were isolated by adjustment of isoelectric point (pH 4.6) with 10 % acetic acid. After removing of casein, 2.2 g of CaCO3 was added to the filtrate (whey solution) to precipitate albumin I and II (2.18 % and 0.21 %). The isolated casein and albumin were characterized by FT IR spectroscopy, amino acid tests (such as Millon�s test, Biuret test, Ninhydrin test, Xanthoproteic test) and protein precipitation tests (salt test, organic solvent test, acidic agent test, heat and acid test and heavy metal ions test) respectively. FT IR spectra of isolated casein I and II illustrate better fit with the reported spectra than those of albumin I and II. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) of isolated casein and albumin showed sufficient amount of minerals. The isolated casein possessed mild antioxidant activity whereas albumin possessed practically inactive by DPPH assay. Therefore, it may be better to use the fresh cow milk for the production of more nutritious dairy food.	2021
1508	Mya Hnin Aye Khaing	PREPARATION OF BIOETHANOL FROM SORGHUM STARCH AND ITS CHARACTERIZATION	Bioethanol was prepared from powder of sorghum (Sorghum biocolor L. Moench) grain by enzymatic hydrolysis. ?�Amylase from germinated wheat grains was used for liquefaction of starch and ?�glucosidase from ungerminated flint corn was used in saccharification step. After liquefaction and saccharrification, the solution was tested for glucose by using Benedict solution and Fehling solution. During fermentation of liquid glucose by Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast for 6 days, the changes of physicochemical properties such as pH (5.2 to 3.7), acid content (0.093 % to 0.423 %), glucose content (155 to 63 mg L -1 ) and specific gravity (0.994 to 0.975) during fermentation were determined. After distillation the yield percentage of alcohol in fermented solution is 10 % and the physicochemical properties such as specific gravity, refractive, colour, free acid, free base and alcohol content of the hydrated bioethanol and dehydrated bioethanol were comparatively studied with absolute ethanol. Moreover, the functional groups of bioethanol were analysed by FT IR spectroscopy.	2021
1509	Win Ko	STUDY ON RADON EXPLORATION IN THE BUILDING MATERIALS BY USING LR-115 DETECTOR	Radon is an alpha emitting radioactive gas. It can exist in ground water, soil, building materials mines, caves and other underground places. In this study, radon concentration in old buildings and new buildings was measured by using LR-115 type II detector in a can mode. The preliminary study, the LR-115 detector was treated with alpha emitter Am-241 for standard. The tracks formed in LR-115 were etched with 2.5 M NaOH at 60 �C for 90 min. The etched tracks in irradiated LR115 detector were found to be spherical shape by using optical microscope. And then, radon level in old buildings and new buildings was measured by LR-115 detector using the same procedure. The observed shape of track agrees with the preliminary study and it indicates that this is due to interaction between detector and alpha particles via radon present in old and new buildings. The average track density was found to be 133.5484 and 312.3674 track/cm2d in all detectors in Bagaya Monastery and Me Nu Oak Kyaung. According to the observed track density, the average radon activity was found to be 667.7418 and 1561.8369 Bq/m3 in all detectors in Bagaya Monastery and Me Nu Oak Kyaung. The calculated radon exhalation rate mean values were 1.0755 and 2.5155 mBq/m2h in Bagaya Monastery and Me Nu Oak Kyaung. The average radon concentration was found to be 10.7548 and 25.1553 Bq/m3 in Bagaya Monsatery and Me Nu Oak Kyaung. The average track density was found to be 39.0459 and 84.8824 track/cm2d in all detectors in new buildings at Sagaing and Monywa. According to the observed track density, the average radon activity was found to be 185.9329 and 404.2021 Bq/m3 in all detectors in new buildings at Sagaing and Monywa. The calculated radon exhalation rate mean values were 0.3095 and 0.6728 mBq/m2h in new buildings at Sagaing and Monywa. The average radon concentration was found to be 3.0949 and 6.7279 Bq/m3 in new buildings at Sagaing and Monywa.	2021
1510	Zaw Oo	STUDIES ON SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOCARBON FROM RICE HUSK CHAR	In this research work, some physicochemical properties of rice husk raw and rice husk char were determined by AOAC method. The nanocarbons were prepared from rice husk char with NaNO3, KMnO4 and H2SO4 by modified Hummer Method under different conditions. Similarly, nanocarbons were prepared from rice husk char with H3PO4, KMnO4 and H2SO4 by the same method under different conditions. The synthesized nanocarbons were also characterized by using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis (SEM) techniques.	2021

Research Publications

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research