Research List

No.	Researcher	Title	Abstract	Year
1521	Thuzar Nyein	PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SILVER DOPED BISMUTH FERRITE NANOPARTICLES BY CO-PRECIPITATION METHOD	The main aim of the research work is to study the preparation and characterization of silver doped bismuth ferrite, Ag-BiFeO3 by co-precipitation method. In this method, Ag-BiFeO3 nanoparticles were prepared by using bismuth nitrate, ferrite nitrate and silver nitrate as starting materials with different ratios (1:1:0.125, 1:1:0.25, 1:1:0.5 and 1:1:1) and the prepared silver doped samples were noted as S-1, S-2, S-3, S-4 respectively. The precursor powder was calcined at 500 ?C for 4 h. The prepared samples were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDXRF techniques. The ratio (1:1:1) of bismuth nitrate, ferrite nitrate and silver nitrate was selected as optimum ratio due to its high crystallinity and average crystallite size. Some physicochemical properties and optical properties of prepared Ag-BiFeO3 powder samples were also determined.	2021
1522	Ei Ei Chaw	STUDY ON PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, NUTRIENTS AND ISOLATION OF FATTY ACIDS FROM THE LEAF OF CLINACANTHUS NUTANS L. (SNAKE-GRASS)	Plants are the main source of natural products that are used in medicine. Clinacanthus nutans (Arcathanceae), was collected from Yangon University Campus, Yangon Region and identified by the botanist, Department of Botany, University of Yangon. According to the preliminary phytochemical tests, it was found that glycosides, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins, tannins and terpenoids were present in the dried leaves powders. Qualitative elemental analysis by EDXRF revealed that the leaves of Clinacanthus nutans contained K (2.204 %) and Ca (2.25 %) as major elements and Fe, S, Mn, Zn, Cu and Rb as trace elements. The nutritional values determined by AOAC method indicate the percentage of moisture (13.95), ash (19.27), fat (2.01), fibre (28.45), protein (18.12) and carbohydrate (18.2) in the leaves of Clinacanthus nutans. From the ethyl acetate fraction of 95 % ethanol extract of the leaf of Clinacanthus nutans, carboxylic acids were isolated after three successive column chromatographic methods, namely vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC), flash chromatography, using medium pressure, and micro-column chromatography using pasteur pipette giving a single spot on TLC. Carboxylic acids were characterized as long chain fatty acids by TLC staining and FTIR. Three fatty acids were further identified by GC-MS in C, namely linoleic acid (or) (Z, Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (C-1), 11,14-octadecadienoic acid (C-2) and 11,14-eicosadienoic acid (C-3).	2021
1523	Mar Mar Win	INVESTIGATION OF SOME PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND BIOACTIVITIES OF LEAF EXTRACTS OF MENTHA SPICATA L. (PU SI NAN)	The present work focused on the investigation of nutritional values, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity and some phytoconstituents in the leaf extracts of Mentha spicata L. (Pu Si Nan). The preliminary phytochemical tests revealed the presence of alkaloids, ?-amino acids, carbohydrates, cyanogenic glycosides, flavonoids, glycosides, organic acids, phenolic compounds, reducing sugars, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids. However, starch was absent. The nutritional values were determined by AOAC method providing proteins 23.68 %, ash 25 %, fibers 11.49 %, water content 15.15 %, carbohydrates 17.04 %, fats 7.64 % and energy value (232 kcal /100 g). Invitro screening of antimicrobial activity by agar well diffusion method on five different microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans) on PE, EtOAc, EtOH, CHCl3 and H2O extracts of the leaf of Mentha spicata L. (Pu Si Nan), PE, EtOH, CHCl3 and EtOAc extracts showed antimicrobial activity on four strains of microorganisms (except E. coli). Watery extract was observed activity against on E. faecalis, S. aureus and B. cereus. The highest inhibition zone was observed 20.50 � 0.35 mm on Bacillus cereus by EtOAc extract of sample. The antioxidant activity of watery and ethanol extracts of the leaf sample was determined by DPPH assay. The IC50 values of watery and ethanol extracts were found to be 127 and 38 �g/mL respectively. Ethanol extract of the leaf sample was observed that higher antioxidant activity than watery extract but weaker activity than BHT (IC50 of BHT=11.71 ?g/mL). Essential oils from the leaf of the sample were extracted by steam distillation method and analyzed by GC-MS spectroscopic method. According to the results, the components (3-carene, D-limonene, trans-carveol, D-carvone, 2-cyclohexen-1-one, 3-methyl-6-(1-methylethylidene), beta-bourbonene and alpha-copaene) were investigated in the extracted essential oils of leaf of Mentha spicata L. (Pu Si Nan).	2021
1524	Zin Mar Oo	SOME APPLICATION OF NATURAL DYE EXTRACTED FROM EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS LABILL (EUCALYPTUS) BARK ON COTTON	The raw sample barks (Eucalyptus) were collected from Aunglan Township, Magway Region. Natural dyes were extracted from the bark of Eucalyptus by water. The prepared natural dye was characterized by FT IR. The phytochemical tests of extracted natural dye were carried out. The maximum wavelength (?max) of Eucalyptus dyes extracted with water at 483 nm was determined by UV-spectrophotometer. The percentage of bio-mordants was determined. And then, the effect of dyeing time was studied by using colour densitometer at three mordanting methods. The extracted natural dyes were also used on cotton cloth by three mordanting methods. Extracted dye though Specifically identified, from Eucalyptus bark was as adsorbate. Cotton cloth was used as adsorbent. The colour intensities of these dyed cotton cloth was determined by Reflection Transmission Colour Densitometer. Depending on the type of mordant, such as onion peel, jengkol peel and tea waste (bio-mordants), colour fastness of the dyeing cotton cloth were studied. And then, cotton can also be dyed by using post mordanting methods. In addition, the antimicrobial activities of Eucalyptus dye were investigated by Agar Disc Diffusion method on six tested organisms.	2021
1525	Mar Mar Soe	PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PHOSPHOLIPASE FROM CABBAGE LEAF (BRASSICA OLERACEA L.)	Phospholipase (EC 3.1.4.4) is wide spread distribution in animals and plants. Phospholipase can occur naturally in cabbage leaves, peanut seeds, rat liver, human liver, snake liver, etc. Phospholipase enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of phospholipids to phosphatidic acid and the corresponding free base. Phospholipase activities are present in all organisms from bacteria to mammals. Phospholipase enzyme from cabbage leaves was with sodium chloride salt solution, successive ammonium sulphate (40 and 60%), finally crude phospholipase extract (250 mL) was obtained. Further purification was carried by using Sephadex G-200 gel filtration technique. The eluents (fraction numbers) were analyzed for protein content (280 nm) and phospholipase activity (558 nm). The fraction (32-42) showing the highest phospholipase activity were pooled and subsequent studies were done using this pooled solution. The protein contents of the enzyme was determined by using Biuret method. The wavelength of maximum absorption of copper-protein complex in Biuret method was found to be 550 nm. After purification, the specific activity, the relative purity of the enzyme, increased about (7) folds from crude to final purification step. In this research, the molecular weight of the purified phospholipase enzyme was determined by using SDSPAGE Technique. The purity and homogenity of the phospholipase enzyme were confimed as a single band on gel electrophoresis chromatogram. In this research, effect of metal ions (Mn2+, K+ , Na+ , Ca2+, Co2+, Zn2+ , Cu2+, Pb2+ and Hg2+) on phospholipase activities were studied. The Ca2+ ion showed the highest activating effect on phospholipase activities. The Pb2+ and Hg2+ lead to the total denaturing of the enzyme proteins.	2021
1526	May Hnin Aye	SEASONAL CHANGES ON EUTROPHICATION LEVELS OF THE COASTAL SEA WATER AROUND THE KAYINDAUNG IN TANINTHARYI COASTAL AREA	The aim of this paper is to study the seasonal changes of eutrophication levels of coastal sea water around the Kayindaung in Tanintharyi Coastal Area. Sea water samples were collected from three different sites around Kayindaung in Tanintharyi Coastal Area. Sampling sites were recorded with GPS detector. Some chemical properties such as DO, orthophosphate (inorganic phosphate), organic phosphate, total phosphate and total nitrogen were determined. In this paper, the measured DO values were in the range of 6.86 ppm to 8.21 ppm. The values of orthophosphate, organic phosphate and total phosphate were found to be in the range of 0.014 ppm to 0.186 ppm, 5.311 ppm to 7.838 ppm and 5.325 ppm to 7.969 ppm in seasonally and annually collected sea water samples, respectively. The total nitrogen value in the studied area was found in the range of 0.560 ppm to 1.586 ppm for seasonally and annually collected samples. For eutrophication assessment, the determination of nutrient levels of all sea water samples in hot season were low nutrient-enrichment (oligotropic) and in rainy and cold season were medium nutrient-enrichment (mesotropic) for both seasonally and annually collected samples.	2021
1527	Myint Myint Khine	ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF URSANE AND OLEANANE TYPE TRITERPENES FROM THE ROOTS OF STREPTOCAULON TOMENTOSUM. WIGHT & ARNOTT (Nrif;p*HkeD) (ASCLEPIADACEAE) IN MYANMAR	The aim of this paper is to study the NMR spectroscopic characterization of seven triterpenes from Streptocaulon tomentosum Wight & Arnott (Asclepiadaceae). Four ursane type triterpenes and three oleanane type triterpenes were isolated from the roots of Streptocaulon tomentosum. by column chromatography and identified by NMR spectroscopy. Comparative studies on NMR spectra of ursane type and oleanane type triterpenes were done. Four ursane type triterpenes were identified as ?-amyrin acetate (compound 2),2?,3?,23-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic-acid (compound 3), 2?,3?- dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic-acid (compound 4), and 2?,3?,23-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic-acid (compound 6). Three oleanane type triterpenes were identified as ?-amyrin acetate (compound 1), 2?,3?-dihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic-acid (compound 5) and 2?,3?,23-trihydroxy-olean-12-en-28- oic-acid (compound 7).	2021
1528	Thin Yu Mar	ANTIMICROBIAL, HYPOGLYCEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF THE STEM OF DRACAENA ANGUSTIFOLIA (MEDIK.)ROXB.	In this research work the stem of Dracaena angustifolia (Medik.) Roxb., Myanmar named Nant thar ku was selected for determination of antimicrobial, hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities. The stem of the selected plant was collected from Loikaw Township, Kayah State, in January, 2019. The aim of this research is to investigate the stem of Dracaena angustifolia (Medik.) Roxb. chemically and pharmaceutically. Preliminary phytochemical tests were performed by test tube method which gave positive for flavonoid, alkaloid, phenolic compound, polyphenol, glycoside, saponin, terpene, reducing sugar and tannin compounds. Antimicrobial activity of various solvent (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, methanol) extracts was determined by agar well diffusion method and tested on six microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus pumilus, Candida albicans and Escherichia coli. Ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate extracts responded high activity on all tested organisms. Moreover, a potent hypoglycemic activity of the stem of this plant was examined by adrenaline induced diabetic mice model method. Glibenclamide was used as standard drug. This plant showed remarkable inhibitory activity. Antioxidant activity of the stem of selected plant was measured by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-hydrate) assay method. IC50 value of selected plant was 3.17?g/mL by comparing with standard ascorbic acid 0.90?g/mL.	2021
1529	Myo Min	EXTRACTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF SOME CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS FROM EULOPHIA CAMPESTRIS W. (GAMON-THANGA-ZIN) RHIZOME	The present research deals with the isolation and characterization of some chemical constituents of Eulophia campestris W. (Gamon-thanga�zin) rhizomes. Eulophia campestris W. is widely used in Myanmar as the traditional medicine for the diabetes, heart tonic, and aphrodisiac. Semi-quantitative elemental analysis of E. campestris rhizome was carried out by ED-XRF method. From the analysis, the elements of major composition such as K, Fe and Ca and minor composition such as Zn and Cu were observed in the sample. The isolation of some compounds from E. campestris rhizome was performed by column chromatographic method. Firstly, the dried powdered sample of E. campestris (250 g) was extracted with 70 % EtOH at room temperature. The concentrated extracts were partitioned with Pet-ether (60�-80�C) to remove the fat. The defatted residue was then extracted with ethyl acetate in a separating funnel. Ethyl acetate layer was evaporated to obtain a dry extract (4.0 g). After the extraction with ethyl acetate from E. campestris W. crude extract was separated by column chromatographic method on a silica gel column [(Toluene: EtOAc) (95: 5)], as eluent. The eluates were examined under UV lamps (254 nm & 365 nm) and on TLC plates by detecting with anisaldehyde reagent. The fractions with similar Rf values were combined. After combining together similar fractions, the isolated compounds, MM-1, MM-2 and MM-3 were obtained. The isolated compounds were also identified by UV, FT-IR, 1H, 13C NMR and GC-MS method. According to the chemical tests, UV, FT-IR, 1H, 13C NMR, and GC-MS methods, the isolated compounds could be deduced as 1,2-Benzene dicarboxylic acid, diisooctyl ester (MM-1, 0.01%), 3-cyclohexene-1-ol,5-(2-butenylidene)-4,6,6-trimethyl (MM-2, 0.011 %) and Bis -(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate ester (MM-3, 0.0075%) respectively.	2021
1530	Khup Lam Tuang	STRUCTURAL ELUCIDATION OF PALMATINE COMPOUND AND ITS ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY ISOLATED FROM THE TUBER OF STEPHANIA GLABRA (ROXB.) MIERS	The aim of this research was to extract, isolate, determine the structure of isolated compound and its antimicrobial activity from the ethanolic tuber extract of Stephania glabra (Roxb.) Miers (Menispermaceae family). The tuber of Stephania glabra (Roxb.) Miers, Taung-Kya (Myanmar name) was selected for this present work. It was rinsed with tap water, chopped in to small pieces and dried in air. The prepared dry sample was extracted with 95% of ethanol for one month. After doing filtration and evaporation, the remaining extract mass was further extracted with ethyl acetate and ran by different solvents ratios using thin layer sheet (spot test on TLC plate). A biologically active pure compound (colourless needle shaped crystals) could be isolated from n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvent ratio (n-hex 1:1EtOAc, 400 mg, and Rf value 0.5) by passing through the prepared column chromatogram. The molecular formula of an unidentified palmatine compound was assigned as C21H25NO4 (assumed as glabrine) by using advanced spectroscopic techniques such as FT IR, 1D NMR (1H, 13C and DEPT), 2D NMR (HSQC, DQF-COSY, HMBC, NOESY) and DART MS spectral evidences. The antimicrobial activity of palmatine compound was examined by agar disc diffusion method against six selected organisms. This compound responds medium inhibition zone (15mm to 18mm) on all tested microorganisms, namely, Bacillus subtilis (NCTC 8236), Staphylococcus aureus (NCPC 6371), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6749), Bacillus pumilus (NCIB 8982), Candida albicans and Escherichia coli (NCIB 8134). The IUPAC name of palmatine compound was named as (R)- 2, 3, 9, 12- tetramethoxy- 5, 8, 13, 13a- tetrahydro-6H- isoquinolino [2,1- b] isoquinoline.	2021

Research Publications

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research