Research List

No.	Researcher	Title	Abstract	Year
971	Naw Tharaphi Aung	HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY OF WATERY EXTRACT OF THE LEAVES OF THUNBERGIA LAURIFOLIA LINDL. (PAN-YE-SUT-NWE)	Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl. is commonly known as Rang Chuet belongs to the family Acanthaceae and Myanmar name is pan-ye-sut-nwe. The plant samples were collected from DaikU Township, Bago Region. The present work was done to investigate the acute toxicity and hypoglycemic activity. The acute toxicity study of watery extracts of Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl. leaves were carried on albino mice by using OECD guideline 423 method. There were no lethality and toxic effect of the albino mice observed up to the dose of 5 g/kg body weight during observation period of two weeks. Hypoglycemic activity of watery extract of the leaves of Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl. were tested on adrenaline-induced hyperglycemic rats by the method of Agrawal & Paridhavia, 2007. The rats with watery extract (0.75 g/kg and 1.5 g/kg) showed significant decrease in blood glucose concentration at 2 hr, 3 hr and 4 hr (p<0.01- p<0.001) whereas watery extract (3 g/kg) showed significant decrease in blood glucose concentration at 3 hr (p<0.05) and 4 hr (p<0.01). The results indicated that watery extracts of the leaves possessed significant hypoglycemic effect on adrenaline-induced hyperglycemic rats. From the experimental data, it can be concluded that Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl. could be used as potential herbal medicine for hypoglycemic activities. It also can be safe to eat the leaves of Thunbergia laurifoliaLindl. because the leaves are non-toxic.	2020
972	Rose May Yi	YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF FIVE SELECTED VARIETIES OF ZEA MAYS L.	This study was conducted to investigate yield and yield components of five different maize varieties such as V1: Waxy corn (Sticky Big) indicated as Zea mays L.var. ceratina Kulesh., V2: Sweet corn (Angel 131) as Zea mays L. var. saccharata (Sturter) L. H. Bailey., V3: Flint corn (Padamyar) as Zea mays. L. var. indurata (Sturter) L.H. Bailey., V4: Peruvian maize (Nga Cheik) as Zea mays. L. var. microspermae (Sturter)L.H. Bailey., and V5: Flour corn (Meilan) as Zea mays. L. var. amylacea (Sturter) L.H. Bailey.was carried out at Vegetables, Fruits Research and Development Center (VFRDC), Yemon, Hlegu Township, Yangon Region from September to January, 2018. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with four replications. The data recorded on various parameters were analyzed using computer software Statistics 8.0. The results showed that the plant height of Angel 131 (Sweet corn) (V2) (215.15cm) which was the tallest and the shortest (143.70) by Nga Cheik (V4) at 56 DAS (day after sowing). The maximum number of leaf (12.8) was found in Angel 131 (V2) and the minimum number of leaf (8.94) in Nga Cheik (V4). The maximum kernel weight (326.60 g) and the maximum grains yield (103.38 g) in Angel 131 (V2) and the minimum kernel weight (137.60 g) and the minimum grains yield (39.51g) in Nga Cheik (V4) were also recorded. It is concluded that among five varieties, Angel 131 (V2), Sticky Big (V1) and Meilan (V5) varieties were observed the highest value of yield and yield production.	2020
973	Nway Nandar Aung	DISEASE SYMPTOMS ON RICE PLANTS AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE PATHOGENS CAUSING DISEASES	The sample of diseased rice plants were collected from Tamartakaw village, Twan-tay Township. The pathogenic fungi were identified by their pure colony morphology and spores formation. In the present work, two different types of disease symptoms and two different kinds of pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium sp. (1) which causes Narrow Brown Leaf Spot and Mucor sp. (1) which causes Blight were studied on Oryzasativa L. (That-gyi Saba). In Oryzasativa L. Thatt-lat Saba, Gloeosporiumsp. (1) that caused White Spot, Mucorsp. (2) that caused Blight, Gloeosporiumsp. (2) that caused Brown Spot, Rhizoctonia sp. (1) that caused Leaf Scald , Rhizoctonia sp. (2) that caused Sheath Blight and Fusarium sp. (2) that caused Grain Discoloration, In the case of Oryza sativa var. glutinosa (Kaung-nyin, That-Nge Saba), 4 different types of disease symptoms and 4 different kinds of pathogenic fungi were investigated these include Leaf Stripe caused by Rhizoctonia sp. (3), Leaf Streak caused by Rhizoctonia sp. (4), Blight caused by Mucor sp. (3) and Black Kernel caused by Gloeosporium sp. (3), respectively.	2020
974	Htet Htet Zaw	FERMENTATION STUDIES OF CEPHALOSPORIUM SP. ISOLATED FROM HESPERETHUSA CRENULATA (ROXB.) ROEM.	Endophytic fungal strain Cephalosporium sp. was isolated from the wood of Hesperethusa crenulata (Roxb.) Roem. For the fermentation conditions such as various carbon and nitrogen sources, culture media, age of inoculum, size of inloculum and pH utilization of this strain Cephalosporium sp. were conducted at Microbiology Lab, Department of Botany, University of Yangon. In utilization of carbon sources, honey and sucrose were good whereas yeast extract, meat extract and malt extract were the best nitrogen sources. In antimicrobial activity of various carbon sources, sucrose medium showed very high activity whereas various nitrogen sources, yeast extract medium indicated very high activity against eight test organisms. In the investigation of the morphological characters on various media, the seven cultural media were good media. According to the result of antimicrobial activity on various media, sucrose/yeast extract medium was the best for fermentation. In the study of inoculum optimization, two days old (age of inoculum) and 1.5% of seed culture at fifth day fermentation were suitable for the production of bioactive metabolites from this strain. In the study of pH utilization, pH 7 was the best for extraction of the bioactive compounds.	2020
975	Yin Kyay Khin	EFFECTS OF FERMENTATION PARAMETERS ON THE PRODUCTION OF OPTIMUM PACKED CELL VOLUMES OF ISOLATED LACTOBACILLUS SPECIES (H-1) AND (N-2)	Lactobacillus spp. (H-1) and (N-2) were isolated from the samples bought from Kamayut and North Dagon markets using tomato juice agar medium. These lactic acid bacteria were applied in the study of the effects of fermentation parameters on the optimum packed cell volumes of lactic acid bacteria. The experiments were conducted during May 2018 to December 2018 in the Fermentation Department, Pharmaceutical Research Department, Ministry of Industry - 1, Yangon Region. After the isolation and identification of Lactobacillus species, the effects of various fermentation conditions were investigated. This study was carried out by preparing the fermentation medium, and then measuring the pH (4 to 7), ages of culture (1 to 5 days) and sizes of inoculum (5%, 10% and 15%) with fermentation period (1 to 7 days). Packed cell volume (PCV) and pH resulted in fermented broth were recorded. According to experimental results, H - 1 and N - 2 strains were found that 3 days of cultured age, 10% size of inoculum and pH - 6.00 with the fermentation period of 3 days showed maximum packed cell volume.	2020
976	May Barani Shu Shu Tan	SCREENING AND ISOLATION OF LIPOLYTIC FUNGI FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES	Fungi were isolated from seven different sources. Soil sample was collected from the car workshop as fuel oil contaminated soil, Thuwana Township, Yangon Region, Myanmar. Other samples were collected from pork sausage, cheese, margarine, tea leaves in bean oil with salt, scraped coconut shell and scraped coconut peel. Fungal strains were directly isolated from 6 different sources. Diluted soil (concentration - 10-3 , 10-5 , 10-6 , 10-7 , 10-8 , 10-9 ) was used to culture the fungi. Fungal strains were cultured on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium. Lipolytic fungi were screened using Tributyrin Agar (TBA) medium. Total twenty-five fungi were observed from seven different sources. Two fungal strains from pork sausage, five fungal strains from cheese, one fungal strain from margarine, two fungal strains from tea leaves in bean oil with salt, seven fungal strains from scraped coconut and eight fungal strains from fuel oil contaminated soil were observed. Among them, ten lipolytic fungi showed clear zone of hydrolysis around fungal colony on TBA medium that indicated lipase enzyme was produced. The isolated fungi were identified by their pure colony morphology and spore formation according to the references. In the present study, ten different types of lipolytic fungi were observed from six different sources.	2020
977	May Zin Myo	CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIFUNGAL COMPOUNDS FROM ISOLATED ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS ASPERGILLUS DURICAULIS	In the present research, the antifungal compounds isolated from endophytic fungus, Aspergillus duricaulis was carried out by paper chromatography using the solvent 20% NH4Cl, ethyl acetate saturated with water, n-butanol saturated with water, n-butanol-acetic acid- water (3:1:1) for the extraction of antifungal metabolites against Candida albicans. And then, the fungal culture filtrate was studied by the ratio of two solvents, ethyl acetate and n-butanol to fermented broth (1:1, 2:1, 3:1v/v). The equal ratio (1:1 v/v) ethyl acetate extract showed higher inhibitory effect (26.75 mm) than n-butanol extract (20.49 mm). Crude ethyl acetate extract (5.0 g) was obtained from 17 liter of fermented broth and subjected to purification over silica gel column chromatography with various solvent systems. By silica gel column chromatographic separation, compound A (aromatic primary amide, 23 mg colourless crystal) and compound B (aliphatic ester, 24 mg yellow semisolid) in hexane: ethyl acetate solvent system were isolated. These isolated compounds were characterized by Rf value, physicochemical properties, modern spectroscopic methods such as UV and FT IR. In the investigation of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), it was observed that MICs value of antifungal compound A and B were 0.625 �g/mL and 1.25 �g/mL on Candida albicans respectively.	2020
978	Sanda Myint	MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF BARLERIA CRISTATA L. AND BARLERIA PRIONITIS L. AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES	The medicinal plants Barleria cristata L. and Barleria prionitis L. belong to the family Acanthaceae. Barleria cristata L. is known as blue bell barleria in English, leik-tha-ywe-pya in Myanmar. Barleria prionitis L. is known as porcupine flower in English, leik-sa-ywe in Myanmar. These plants are collected from Pyay Township. Comparative morphological characters, Barleria cristata L. is perennial mush branched shrubs; leaves simple, glabrous in two surfaces. Barleria prionitis L. is perennial erect spinescent herbs or undershrubs; leaves simple, exstipulate, spines 2- 4 in the leaf axils, sparsely pubescent on both surfaces. In the result of antimicrobial test, various extracts of the leaves of Barleria cristata L. and Barleria prionitis L. are tested against six pathogenic microorganisms by using paper disc diffusion assay method. Antimicrobial activities of different solvent extracts (petroleum-ether, chloroform, ethyl-acetate, acetone, ethanol, methanol and water) of Barleria cristata L. and Barleria prionitis L. were tested on six pathogenic microorganisms such as Aspergillus flavous, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Xanthomonas oryzae at Department of Botany, University of Yangon.	2020
979	Theingi Aung	ISOLATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTIC CTINOMYCETES FROM DIFFERENT PARTS OF FIVE SELECTED PLANTS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SELECTED STREPTOMYCES (TG-16)	A total of eighteen endophytic actinomycetes were isolated from leaf, stem, root of five selected plants such as Millingtonia hortensis L., Aloe vera L., Barleria strigosa Willd., Desmodium triquetrum (L.)DC. and Polygonum chinensis L. from Pathein University Campus from June to August, 2016. This study was carried out at Biotechnological Development and Resources Centre, Pathein University. The isolated strains were designated as TG 1-18. All of the isolated strains were studied their morphological, microscopical characters and Gram staining. The antimicrobial activity of eighteen isolated strains were studied by agar well diffusion method with ten kinds of test organisms. Among them, ten strains showed the antimicrobial activity on Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Aspergillus paraciticus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisae. TG-16 showed the highest antimicrobial activity (27.14mm) against E. coli. Therefore, TG-16 was selected and characterized by biochemical reactions. The selected strain TG-16 was gram positive with sporophore as hook, open-loop rectinaculum apertum type, spiral spore chain and spore smooth and oval shape. The colony morphology of TG-16 was raised, entire and circular. In the sugar fermentation test of selected strain TG-16, the acid was produced on all studied carbon sources except galatose, lactose, arabinose and positive results to methyl red, nitrate reduction, citrate utilization, catalase, arginine and casein hydrolysis, growth on streak line of potato slice and sodium chloride level at 2.5%(w/v), melanin was not produced but yellow pigment produced in casein hydrolysis medium. According to the results, TG-16 was characterized as the genus Streptomyces.	2020
980	Zin Mar Cho	ISOLATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF BACTERIA FROM MANGROVE SOIL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SELECTED BACTERIUM (ZM-7)	Mangrove soil samples were collected from four different station of U-To Creek at Shwe thaung yan Township (Ma-Gyi), Ayeyawady Region. These samples were cultured on Nutrient Agar (NA) and American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) medium. A total of 26 bacterial colonies were obtained and 14 strains from Nutrient Agar (NA) and 12 isolates from (ATCC) medium. Isolated strains were designated as ZM 1 to 26. These isolated strains were tested by using ten different test organisms from one day to three days old culture. Five strains showed the antimicrobial activity. Among them, ZM-7 showed the highest antimicrobial activity (24.34 mm) on Escherichia coli and (22.63 mm) on Candida albicans. Therefore, ZM-7 was selected and characterized by morphological, microscopial, Gram staining and biochemical characteristics. In the colony morphology, ZM-7 was medium in size, entire, creamy, flat and creamy glistening. In the microscopical and biochemical characteristics, ZM-7 was Gram positive and short rod, catalase positive, aerobes and acid was produced in the sugar fermentation and gas did not produce. According to the results, ZM-7 was characterized as the possible genus Bacillus.	2020

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