Research Publications

Academic theses and dissertations are regularly published and widely disseminated in YUOE Journal, Monographs, Universities Research Journal (URJ), Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science (MAAS) Journal, AsTEN Research Journal and International online Journals for sharing knowledge and contributing to the development of our education.

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research

No. Researcher Title Abstract Year
561 sandar INVESTIGATION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN PLANT SPECIES IN TAUNGNITAUNG AREA, MANDALAY REGION There are about 74 plants, counted and collected in the study area. Among these plants, nine plant species with are the most abundant, are selected and contents or three elements in selected 9 species are analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometery methods. The biogeochemical data of selected 9 species was also investigated with the cooperation of geochemist from the Department of Applied Geology in order to know whether the selected plants were indicator plants or not. Based on the results, the experimental area can be categorized into 5 groups phytophysiogically. It was found that Hyptis suaveolens L. was more potent absorber in copper mineralization than other selected plant species. It is concluded Hyptis suaveolens L. can be defined as local indicator plant species as it indicates copper mineralization in the area. 2019
562 thiri myo nyunt IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF EUCALYPTUS CITRIODORA HOOK. UNDER CONTROL OF SOME PHYTOHORMONES AND SUCROSE In vitro propagation of Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. was carried out in the tissue culture laboratory of Vegetable and Fruit Research and Development Centre (VFRDC), Yemon, Hlegu Township, Yangon Region. In multiplication, the shoot apex and nodal segment of Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. were cultured in modified (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) MS medium containing various combinations of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Among them, EuS6 (NAA 0.75 + BAP 3.0 mg L-1) showed the longest shoot length (2.25 cm) but maximum number of shoot (8.97) and maximum number of leaves (16.74) were obtained from EuS5 (NAA 0.15 + BAP 3.0 mg L-1). It is therefore EuS5 (NAA 0.15 + BAP 3.0 mg L-1) was regarded as the suitable treatment for shoot multiplication. In vitro shoot elongation, micro shoots (1 - 1.5 cm) were sub-cultured on MS medium added on BAP (0.1 mg L-1) and the combination of BAP (0.1 mg L-1) and (Gibberellic acid) GA3 (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg L-1). Among them, BAP (0.1 mg L-1) gave the longer shoot length than the combination of BAP and GA3. Therefore, individual BAP treatment was assumed as a suitable treatment for Eucalyptus shoot elongation. In rooting experiment, half-strength MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of (indole-3-butyric acid) IBA (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg L-1) and also supplemented with sucrose (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 %) on elongated shoots (1.5 - 2.5 cm). The maximum number of root (1.7) was obtained from 2% sucrose. 2019
563 moe sandar shein THE STUDY ON WILD ORCHIDS AT YEE- AYE RESERVED FOREST OF KALAW TOWNSHIP IN SOUTHERN SHAN STATE The present work is concerned with the study on wild orchids of natural habitat in Yee Aye Reserved Forest in Kalaw Township. The Yee Aye Reserved Forest is situated in Kalaw Township of Taunggyi District and also the southern west part and 5.5 miles distance from Kalaw city.In this recent study 6 genera and 17 species were recorded from recent study Yee Aye Reserved Forest type is Hill ever green forest type. The Yee Aye Lake located in the centre of Yee Aye Reserved Forest. Most of the wild orchids were collected around the area of this lake. Epiphytic genera namely Bulbophyllum, Coelogene, Dendrobium, Eria, Pholidota and Lusia were collected. Photographs have been taken to record habits of orchids in nature.The collected specimens were classified, indentified and described with colour photographs of their natural habitats and inflorescence. The morphological characters have been emphasized and artificial keys from the tribe to the species have been constructed and GPS location system. 2019
564 Yin Mar San EFFECTS OF THE SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION (SRI) WITH GREEN MANURE ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SOME COMMERCIAL RICE ORYZA SATIVA L. VARIETIES FROM KAWA TOWNSHIP, BAGO REGION This study was carried out to study the performance of the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) on the growth and yield of selected rice varieties by comparing the traditional cultivation method and SRI method. This study also determined the SRI and green manure application on three commercial rice varieties: Sinthukha, Shwewharhtun and Manawthukha. In traditional method, the spacing of 20 × 15 cm was followed and 25 day-old seedlings were used whereas in SRI cultivation method, the wider spacing of 25 × 25 cm was followed and the 8 to12 day-old seedlings were used. Although large numbers of seedlings were needed for traditional method, a small amount of seedlings were needed for SRI method. The results indicated that all the plant characters and grain yields were significantly affected by the seedling ages. The maximum grain yields, 6912.71kg ha-1 were observed in 8 day-old seedlings (T?) under SRI method and the minimum, 4561.05 kg ha ha-1 were observed in 25 day-old seedlings (T?). Among the three varieties, Shwewharhtun (V?) gave the highest grain yields. There were no interaction between the seedling ages and the rice varieties. 2019
565 Phyo Moh Moh Zin PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF KAEMPFERIA GALANGA L. The medicinal plant Kaempferia galanga L.is locally known as kun-sar-gamone belonging to the family Zingiberaceae collected from ka-wa Township, Bago Region. Preliminary phytochemical tests, physicochemical properties and elemental analysis were carried out by using the powdered samples of the rhizomes. According to the physicochemical properties, the samples were more soluble in water than the other solvents. In the result of elemental analysis, the concentration of arsenic was found to be 0.00009%. The concentration of elements were studied by using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) at Universities Research Centre (URC). In addition, nutritional values of the rhizomes were examined at the Food Industries Development Supporting Laboratory (FIDSL). Fats, fibers, proteins and carbohydrates were observed as nutritional contents. High content of carbohydrate was also found. Antimicrobial activities of various solvent extracts of rhizomes from Kaempferia galanga L. were investigated at Pharmaceutical Research Department (PRD) by using agar-well diffusion method with nine pathogenic microorganisms. Ethylacetate extract showed that most significant activity against E.coli and Proteus mirabilis. 2019
566 Lum Tsai MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR EVIDENCE OF NATURE HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN TWO RELATED SPECIES, FICUS RELIGIOSA AND FICUS RUMPHII IN MYANMAR Ficus is a well known as a genus with a specific plant-insect relationship. All fig species have their own species-specific pollinators fig wasps (Agaonidae, Chalcidoidea, Hymenoptera). Seed dispersal are mediated by generally various kinds of vertebrates. While such ecological characteristics is considered to be associated with a range of gene flow, studies of the genetic structure of Ficus plants in tropical Asia have not been well understood in detail. In this study, it is focused on two species of monoecious figs, Ficus religiosa and its closely related species Ficus rumphii, which are widely distributed in Southeast Asian countries including Myanmar. These two species are generally found in the same environmental condition and also morphologically look like similar and sometimes difficult to distinguish from the morphological outstanding. To determine the genetic differentiation and the level of interspecific hybridization, using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) molecular marker is applied. As a result, the genetic differentiation between species and individuals of mixed genotype has been shown. It is considerable that amount of hybrid individuals were present and hybridization were occurred in both directions. Interspecific hybridization of the genus Ficus has been thought to be very rare. The results indicated that effects of interspecific hybridization in Ficus to its evolution could not be ignored. In addition, it is expected that the study was the first basic information about the genetic diversity of Ficus and the results affect the decision of the plant protection in Myanmar. 2019
567 Mayzin myo STUDY ON THE FERMENTATION CONDITIONS OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS, MZF-2 FROM MOMORDICA CHARANTIA L. Isolation of endophytic fungi was done by surface sterilization procedure from Cucurbiticeae family, Mormordica charantia L. (Kyet-hinga), Cephalandra indica Naud. (Kinmon), Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl. (Bu) and Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. (Hkawe). Agar well diffusion method was used for assay performance with ten kinds of test organisms. All isolated fungal strains showed antimicrobial activity except MZF-8, 11, 12, 13 and 15. Among them fungus MZF-2 isolated from Momordica charantia L. was screened for further investigations based on the results of maximum inhibition against Candida albicans NITE 09542. Different fermentation parameters were studied and included fermentation period, inoculum size, effect of various carbon sources and nitrogen sources, fermentation media, pH, temperature and agitation condition. 5th day and 4% size were found to be optimum time period of fermentation and inoculum size. In the growth of carbon sources, MZF-2 were excellent growth on corn and potato as well as malt extract showed the excellent result for nitrogen sources. Maximum antifungal activity was obtained when fermentation medium was supplemented with carbon source as glucose and peptone as nitrogen source. Concerntration of fermentation medium (FM-7) ingredients like each 1.0 g peptone, glucose and sucrose proved to be the best fermentation medium. And maximum bioactive metabolite productions occur in pH of 6, temperature at 25?C and shaking culture with 100rpm speed. 2019
568 Ei Ei Moe TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THIRTEEN FERNS AND FERN ALLIES FROM HTEE SE KHAR WATERFALL AREA, KAYAH STATE The taxonomic study on ferns and fern allies from Htee Se Khar Waterfall area, Loikaw Township have been undertaken. The study area is situated between North Latitude 19°52' and 19°53' and East Longitude 97°14' and 97°15'. All the species were collected from June to October 2017. The 13 species belonging to 11 genera and 8 families were included. Most of the ferns are found as terrestrial and epiphytes on the trunk of tree. Selaginella braunii Baker, Selaginella ciliaris (Retzius) Spring, Adiantum capillus-veneris L., Adiantum caudatum L., Cystopteris fragils (L.) Bernh, Pteris vitata L., Ampelopteris prolifera (Retz) Copel, Cyclosorus interruptus (Wild) Hito are found as terrestrial species. Drynaria sparsisora (Desv.) T. Moore, Microsorum punctatum (L.) Copel, Pyrrosia nuda (Gies) Cheng and Psilotum nudum L.P. Beavu are found as epiphytic species, Equisetum ramosissimum var. altissimum Bir is found as semi-aquatic species. All the collected species are described with figures of photographs. Artifical key of the collected plant, comparable characteristics of the species was conducted. 2019
569 han su kyi MULTIPLICATION OF MYCORRHIZA INOCULUM FROM FIVE WEED PLANTS AND ITS EFFECT ON Lactuca sativa L. The present study is concerned with investigation of the mycorrhiza on the lettuce plants not only to determine their growth but also for the multiplication of mycorrhiza inoculum. Mycorrhiza spores were collected from five weed plants in Mawlamyine University Campus during June to December, 2014 by using floating adhesion technique and wet sieving method. Mycorrhiza, collected from five selected weeds plants were mixed with sterile soil and inoculate on lettuce plants. Spores density and mycorrhizal colonization from rhizosphere of lettuce plants were recorded in every two weeks. Among five selected weed plants, the maximum rate of spore number and the highest colonization percent of mycorrhiza on lettuce plants were isolated from Eclipta alba ( L.) Hassk. (Kyeik hman). Mycorrhiza isolated from Eclipta alba ( L.) Hassk. (Kyeik hman) were used as inoculum and subjected into multiplication procedure. The polyethylene bag experiments were conducted on Lactuca sativa L. (lettuce). There are five treatment namely soil 5 kg soil (T1), natural mycorrhiza 1 kg + soil 4 kg (T2) , natural mycorrhiza 1 kg + biocomposer 0.5 kg + soil 4 kg (T3), natural mycorrhiza 1 kg + cow dung 0.5 kg + soil 4 kg (T4) and commercial mycorrhiza fertilizer (MF) 15 g + soil 5 kg (T5) in polyetylene bag culture were used in the study. According to the result, the highest mycorrhiza inoculum potential (MIP) index were also found in T2 (10.50) and T4 (10.50). 2019
570 Kyawt Kyawt Khing PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF LEAVES AND PSEUDOBULBSOF DENDROBIUM APHYLLUM (ROXB).C.FICHER In this research, the studied plants were Myanmar medicinal orchids Dendrobium aphyllum belong to the family orchidaceae and locally known as Phayaungpanthit-khwa. This paper conducted morphological character, histological character and phytochemical constituents of the leaves and pseudobulbs of Dendrobium aphyllum (Roxb).C.Ficher were studied.The present studied plants were collected from South Dagon Township, Yangon Division during flowering period from December, 2017 to February, 2018. Fresh plants were grown in home garden. In morphological study, the collected plants were classified and identified with the help of available literatures. The plants were epiphytic herbs, evergreen stem, inflorescence raceme; flowers lavenda. In histological studied free hand section of the leaves and pseudobulbs of fresh specimens were prepared by using the blade and examined by the help of microscope. Anomocytictype of stomata was abundant in lower surface and absent on upper surface. Vascular bundles of leave and pseudobulbs were collateral and closed type. In phytochemical test, the powdered samples were examimed by the method of (Trease and Evens,1989; British pharmacopoeia 1968) . Leaves and pseudobulbs were dried and powdered using the homogenizer. The preliminary phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of, ?-amino acid, carbohydrates, reducing sugar, glycoside, terpenoids and steroids but tannins, alkaloid, saponin, phenolic compound, flavonoid, starch were not detected in the plant. 2019