Research Publications

Academic theses and dissertations are regularly published and widely disseminated in YUOE Journal, Monographs, Universities Research Journal (URJ), Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science (MAAS) Journal, AsTEN Research Journal and International online Journals for sharing knowledge and contributing to the development of our education.

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research

No. Researcher Title Abstract Year
551 Phoo Pwint Theingi EFFICACY OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA FROM EDIBLE FRUITS AGAINST ANTIBIOTICS AND PATHOGENIC BACTERIA Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) were isolated from fresh fruits samples of carambola, pomegranate, guava, papaya, lime, banana and pitahaya by using DeMan Rogos Sharpe (MRS) agar medium in the Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Mandalay during September 2017 to January 2018. The ten bacterial strains, PPTG 1-10, were observed and identified based on their colony morphology and biochemical tests. The most number of three LAB strains were observed in papaya with PPTG 4, 5 and 6, followed by two strains in pitayana with PPTG 9 and PPTG 10. The isolated LAB strains PPTG 1, PPTG 5 and PPTG 7 were confirmed as Lactobacillus spp.; PPTG 2 and PPTG 8 as Pediococcus spp.; and PPTG 3, PPTG 4, PPTG 6, PPTG 9 and PPTG 10 as Leuconostoc spp. According to the study on the abilities of antibiotic resistance, Lactobacillus sp. (PPTG 1) strain was resistent to ampacillin and amoxicillin; Leuconostoc sp. (PPTG 4) strain was resistent to ampacillin, amoxicillin, chloramphenicol and erythromycin; Lactobacillus sp. (PPTG 5) strain was resistent to tetracycline, ampacillin, amoxicillin, chloramphenicol and erythromycin; Leuconostoc sp. (PPTG 9) strain was resistent to tetracycline, ampacillin and amoxicillin; and Leuconostoc sp. (PPTG 10) strain was resistent to ampacillin and amoxicillin. The LABs possessing the antibiotic activities were tested for antimicrobial properties at Biotechnology Research Department, Kyaukse. Lactobacillus sp. (PPTG 1) isolated from carambola strain showed maximum zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus with 19 mm, a zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli with 12 mm, Bacillus cereus with 11 mm. The physiological test on five strains showed that they can grow between pH 4.5 and pH 7.2 and salt tolerance was up to 6% NaCl. Therefore, among the study fruits the carambola is the most suitable one to be eaten for the health of human beings. Because of the most LAB strains were observed in papaya, it was also suitable to be consumed in daily life. 2019
552 thida hlaing STUDY ON TAXONOMIC CHARACTERS AND PHYLOGENETIC POSITIONS OF SPECIES UNDER DENDROCALAMUS (POACEAE) IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF MYANMAR In the present research, bamboo plants of the family Poaceae (Gramineae) in Myanmar. Totally 12 genera were described. Most of the bamboos are naturally distributed in higher or lowland of mountain range. The morphological characters of collected species were based on morphology of culm, culm sheath and leaves. According to the phylogenetic study, the phylogenetic positions of genera Dendrocalamus have been studied by constructing Dendrogram. 2019
553 Ohnmar ACUTE TOXICITY AND HYPOGLYCAEMIC ACTIVITY OF RHIZOME OF COSTUS SPECIOSUS (KOEN.) SM. Costus speciosus (Koen.) Sm. is locally known as Phalan-taung-hmwe and belongs to the family Costaceae. The plant was collected from Hpa-an Township, Kayin State. In this study, the acute toxic study of 70% ethanolic extracts of rhizome of Costus speciosus (Koen.) Sm. was evaluated on albino mice by using method of OECD Guideline 423 (2001). There were no signs of toxicity and lethality of mice, even with the maximum dose of 5g/kg body weight of the extract during the observation period of 14 days. The hypoglycaemic activity of 70% ethanolic extracts of rhizome of Costus speciosus (Koen.) Sm. (1g/kg, 2g/kg and 4g/kg body weight) was also studied on adrenaline induced hyperglycaemic rats model by using the method of Gupta et al., (1967). The results showed that the extract at dose of 4g/kg showed significant hypoglycaemic effect at 2 hr, 3hr and 4 hr (p<0.001) when compare with control. Therefore 70% ethanolic extracts of rhizome of Costus speciosus (Koen.) Sm. had significant hypoglycaemic effect in rat model. 2019
554 Khin May Thi ISOLATION OF RHIZOBIUM SP. FROM SOIL AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY Soil samples were collected from ten different places of Pyin-Oo-Lwin Township, Mandalay Region, Myanmar. These samples were cultured on Rhizobium Medium (RI) and Yeast Mannitol (YM) agar medium . A total of 50 bacterium colonies were isolated from these soil samples and 31 isolated were obtained from RI Medium and 19 isolated from YM Medium. Isolated bacteria were symbolized as KM. In the colony morphology, the isolated bacteria were small, medium and large in size and color were white, yellow, pale yellow, red and brown. The margins were entire, undulated, circled, lobate and rhizoid and the elevations were raised and flat. Cell morphology of isolated strains were studied by gram staining, colony characters and shape of cell. Thirty nine bacterial strains were short rod and four strains were cocci, seven strains were rod. All isolated bacteria were Gram-negative except ten other strains were positive. All these strains were tested for preliminary study of antimicrobial activity and these strains showed the different levels of antimicrobial activity against ten test organisms. Among them, nine isolates showed the different antimicrobial activity. Especially, KM-40 showed the highest antimicrobial activity (25.99 mm) followed by KM-22 (22.73 mm) on Bacillus subtilis respectively. 2019
555 zin moe moe EFFECT OF WATER HYACINTH COMPOST ON THE VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND YIELD OF VIGNA RADIATA L. (PE-DI-SEIN) The experiment was conducted in Pyay University Campus, Pyay Township, Bago Region. Water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. is a free floating weed and become a valuable soil improver as composting for crop improvement. In this experiment, the compost was made cow dung, water hyacinth, rice straw mixing at 6: 3: 1. The effectiveness of compost were studied by growing of Vigna radiata L., Pe-di-sein. There were four treatments and each treatment had five replications with Completely Block Design (CRD). Before experiment, the compositions of soil, cow dung, rice straw, water hyacinth and the water hyacinth compost were analyzed. The germination rate of Pe-di-sein was carried out in the mixture of soil and sand medium. The results of vegetative growth of Vigna radiata L. such as the maximum plant height, petiole length, number of leaves per plant, leaf width, leaf length and leaf area were observed from T4 (10 g plant-1). Moreover, T4 (10 g plant-1) gave the biggest reproductive growth like the earliest first flowering days, seeds weight per plant, seed yield, pods weight per plant and pod yield. From above the results of this experiment, water hyacinth compost would be suitable organic soil amendment for soil restoration and crop production and also for yield improvement of legume crop to apply of 10 g plant-1. The utilization of water hyacinth compost resulted in several benefits to cultivars and soil fertility. 2019
556 Ohnmar ye win TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME MEMBERS OF CHLOROPHYTA IN YENWE VILLAGE, TAUNGGYI TOWNSHIP The present study deals with some algae belonging to Chlorophyta in Yenwe village. It is located in Taunggyi Township and is famous for its warm water stream. The specimens were collected from two selected locations. Water temperature of Location I is approximately between 39?C and 40?C, and that of Location II is between 25?C and 29?C. Algal specimens were collected during June 2009 to February 2010. In this study, 24 species belonging to the 15 genera of Chlorophyta were identified, described and recorded. Keys were constructed according to their morphological characters. Green algal genera such as Ulothrix, Microspora, Cladophora, Pithophora, and Spirogyra were abundantly seen in Location II. Microspora crassior and Microspora stagnorum were found in Location I. Spirogyra rhizobrachialis was found only in Location I. Cosmarium pachyderma and Cosmarium rectosporum were found in Location I. 2019
557 Khin Myo Thant PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF FLOWERS AND SEEDS OF GYMNANTHEMUM AMYGDALINUM WALP. In this research, the phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activities of the flowers and seeds of Gymnanthemum amygdalinum Walp. were studied. It belongs to the family Asteraceae. The plants were collected from Kyaing Tong Township, Eastern Shan State. English name is bitter leaf plant and Shan name is Sa paung Lone. These investigations had been carried out by (Harbone, 1973 and Trease and Evans, 2002) in the Pharmaceutical Research Department of Ministry of Industry, Yangon Region. Alkaloid, carbohydrate, glycoside, phenolic compound, ?-amino acid, saponin, tannin, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, reducing sugar and starch were observed in the flowers of studied plant. Tannin and cyanogenic glycoside did not observed in the seeds of this plant. For antimicrobial activities, the different extracts of flowers and seeds of G. amygdalinum were applied on some different microorganisms. The antimicrobial activity was done by using agar well diffusion method. Partially active and active were observed on studied microorganisms. The highest inhibition zones (15 mm- 20 mm) were found in ethanol extract of flowers and petroleum ether extracts of seeds. These results can be used for further pharmaceutical studied. 2019
558 tin tin hla OPTIMUM PARAMETERS IN THE FERMENTATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS FROM THE FUNGUS Stachybotrys sp. AGAINST AGROBACTERIUM TUMEFACIENS The fungus Stachybotrys sp. were studied, glucose as carbon source 2 %, 3 % and 4 % with yeast extract as nitrogen source 0.6 %, 0.7 % and 0.8 % were used to test on Agrobacterium tumefaciens. To optimize the fermentation medium, it was found that glucose 4 % with yeast extract 0.8 % yield the best result. There are seven different media in which 4 % glucose is combined with two nitrogen sources. There are also four different media in which 4 % glucose is combined with three different nitrogen sources. In the present study, different types of fermentation media were formulated by using 4 % glucose combined with different types of nitrogen sources and found out maximal antibacterial activity against Agrobacterium tumefaciens. In the investigation of ages and sizes of inoculum, 72 hrs ages and 20 % sizes of inoculum were optimized for fermentation. In the fermentation studies, the maximum activity reached at 72 hrs of fermentation for the production of antibacterial compound. 2019
559 Htay Htay Myint STUDY ON MORPHOLOGICAL, PHYSICOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF SANSEVIERIA TRIFASCIATA HORT. EX PRAIN. (NA-GAR-SET-GAMON) The plant Sansevieria trifasciata Hort. ex Prain. (Na-gar-set-gamon) (or) snake plant belongs to family Asparagaceae It was naturally grown and found abundantly in Myanmar. They were collected from Dagon University, East Dagon Township, Yangon Region during the flowering and fruiting periods. The morphological characters, preliminary phytochemical test, physicochemical investigation and antimicrobial activities were studied. In morphological study, the plant was evergreen herb, stem less and rhizome horizontal. Preliminary phytochemical test showed the presence of alkaloid, ?-amino acid, glycoside, carbohydrates, reducing sugar, phenolic compound, flavonoid, steroids and trace of terpenoids. In physicochemical investigation, the water soluble ash content of leaves was the most highest than the other solvents. In antimicrobial activities, the ethanol extract of leaves showed the most significant inhibition on Vibrio cholerae. 2019
560 tin tin maw TAXONOMIC STUDY ON NINE SPECIES OF ANGIOSPERMAE IN YAN LAW GROUP OF VILLAGES, KYAING TONG TOWNSHIP The present study deals with the members of Angiospermae growing in Yan law group of villages, Kyaing Tong Township. Some Angiospermae from Yan law group of villages has been collected, identified and then morphological characteristic were studied. In this study, 9 species belonging to 8 genera of 7 families were identified and systematically arranged according to APG III system, 2009 (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) with colored plates. All species are dicotyledonous. Artificial key to the species, detail description of individual species has also been described. In addition, their flowering period, Myanmar names and English names were also described. 2019