Research Publications

Academic theses and dissertations are regularly published and widely disseminated in YUOE Journal, Monographs, Universities Research Journal (URJ), Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science (MAAS) Journal, AsTEN Research Journal and International online Journals for sharing knowledge and contributing to the development of our education.

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research

No. Researcher Title Abstract Year
541 swe swe aye EXTRACTION, ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF PHYCOCYANIN FROM BLUE GREEN ALGA SPIRULINA PLATENSIS In this study, the blue green alga Spirulina platensis was obtained from Aquaculture Section, Research and Development Station, Central Arava in 2016. Phycocyanin, one of the phycobiliproteins, was extracted from blue green algae Spirulina platensis, followed by the isolation, and characterization of its purity grade. The phycocyanin was extracted by using SCIENTZ-10N Benchtop Freeze - Drying Lyophilizer (-20 ?C) and characterized by SDS PAGE analysis methods. The results showed that the purity level of crude extract is 0.94, 50% ammonium sulphate resulted in purity of 2.10, whereas dialysis tubing was 2.41. In this condition, the phycocyanin with a purity of 3.24 was obtained based on SDS PAGE analysis. It would be concluded that using low temperature extraction method with PBS buffer (pH-6.5, 0.1M) can help to get the better purity with degraded less phycocyanin molecule, because freezing temperature disrupted completely cell membrane of Spirulina platensis. 2019
542 Swe Zin Soe EVALUATION ON WOUND HEALING PROPERTIES OF ROOT EXTRACT OF FLEMINGIA STROBILIFERA (L.) R. BR. IN ALBINO RAT MODEL Flemingia strobilifera (L.) R. Br. is medicinally important plant which belongs to the family Fabaceae. In this study, the evaluation on wound healing properties of 70% ethanolic root extract of Flemingia strobilifera (L.) R. Br. have been conducted in albino rat model. Male albino rats were divided into 3 groups contains 3 replicates each and anesthesia was administered by an intramuscular injection of xylazine and ketamine. The back side skin of the rats were shaved and an excision of 1 cm diameter on the shaved skin were prepared. In this experiment, group 1 was treated with ethanolic root extract, group 2 by standard treatment (Tetracycline ointment) and group 3 as the control. The rate of epithelialization and complete wound closure was daily recorded. A better healing pattern was observed in rats treated with ethanolic root extract and standard treatment (Tetracycline ointment) compared with the untreated control. The epithelialization period of the group 1 and 2 were much shorter than the group 3. Specimens of healed skin at a thickness of 5? from each rat were taken at the 20th day of treatment and were fixed in 10% buffered formalin solution for histological studies. These skins were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) and assessed for histological changes. 70% ethanolic root extract of Flemingia strobilifera (L.) R. Br. group was well developed granulation tissues in all layers of skin. According to the results of this experiment, it may be concluded that 70% ethanolic root extract of Flemingia strobilifera (L.) R. Br. has the prospective outcome as a new therapeutic agent for wound healing. 2019
543 aye myint san TAXONOMY AND POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF THE FAMILY ROSACEAE FOUND IN SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN SHAN STATE The taxonomical and pollen morphological studies of 10 species of the Family Rosaceae were studied. The specimens were collected 1 species such as Docynia indica (Wallich) Decaisne. in Pinlaung township and 4 species like Rubus ellipticus Smith., Rubus ellipticus var. obcordatus (Francact) Focke., R. molucanus L. & Pyrus communis L. in Aungban township and 5 species namely Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindley, Prunus cerasoides D. Don., P. ceylanica (Wight) Miq., P. communis Huds. & P. persica (L.) Batsch., in Lashio township. The genera Chaenomeles, Docynia and Pyrus were belonging to Maloideae, Rubus was belonging to Rosoideae and Prunus was belonging to Prunoideae. All the specimens were collected from Southern and Nothern Shan State from September 2016 to October 2017. The measurements were based on at least 20 randomly selected, fully developed pollen grains per specimens. All the pollen grains of study species were tricolporate except from Rubus molucanus L., which was tri to tetracoporate and Prunus cerasoides D. Don. that possessing tricolpate in aperture. All pollen grains were prolate spheroidal in shape. The pollen size was small in 4 specie such as Docynia indica (Wallich) Decaisne., Pyrus communis L., Rubus ellipticus Smith. & Prunus communis Huds. and the remaining 6 species were medium. All investigated pollen grains were characterized by striate type of sculpturing. In this research, taxonomic description, the pollen morphological characters and photographs for every species were stated. 2019
544 ei soe thi aung ACUTE TOXICITY AND HYPOGLYCAEMIC ACTIVITY OF 70% ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF MIRABILIS JALAPA L. Mirabilis jalapa L. is locally known as Mye-su, Lay-nar-yi-pan, Marvel of Peru or Four o’clock flower and belongs to the family Nyctaginaceae. The plant samples were collected from Kamaryut Township, Yangon University Campus. In acute toxicity study of 70% ethanolic extract of Mirabilis jalapa L. were evaluated on albino mice by using method of OECD Guideline 423. There were no sign of toxicity and lethality of mice, even with the maximum dose at 5 g/kg body weight of the extract during the test period of 14 days. Therefore, 70% ethanolic extract of Mirabilis jalapa L. had no acute toxic effect up to the dose of 5 g/kg. The hypoglycaemic activity of 70% ethanolic extract was also studied on adrenaline-induced hyperglycaemic rats model by using the method of Gupta et al. (1967). In hypoglycaemic activity test on adrenaline-induced hyperglycaemic rats, the extract at the dose of 1 g/kg showed significant blood glucose lowering effect at 4 hrs (p<0.01), 2 g/kg at 3 hrs (p<0.005) and 4 hrs (p<0.001) and 4 g/kg at 2 hrs, 3hrs and 4 hrs (p<0.001) when compared with the control. It was found that 4 g/kg of 70% ethanolic extract showed the most effective hypoglycaemic activity among 3 doses of the extract. 2019
545 htet htet zaw ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIESOF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGAL STRAINS FROM DIFFERENT PARTS OF HESPERETHUSA CRENULATA (ROXB.) ROEM. In this study, ten endophytic fungal strains were isolated from the plant parts of Hesperethusa crenulata (Roxb.) Roem. sample 1 and six fungal strains were also isolated from the plant parts of Hesperethusa crenulata (Roxb.) Roem.sample2. Hesperethusa crenulata (Roxb.) Roem. sample 1 was collected from Ayartaw Township, Saging Region and Hesperethusa crenulata (Roxb.) Roem. Sample 2 was also collected from Yay Sa Kyo Township, Magway Region. The morphological characters of isolated fungal strains were conducted at Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Yangon and microscopic characters were investigatedat Universities’ Research Center, YU. In the present study, strains HH 1, 2, 9 and 13 were identified as Cephalosporium sp. and strain HH 12 was Rhizoctonia sp.. Antimicrobial activities of all isolated strains were conducted by using paper disc diffusion assay with eight test organisms. All isolated strains were exhibited antimicrobial activity on Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Aspergillus flavus, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Malassezia furfur, Micrococcus luteus, Salmonella typhus and Xanthomonas oryzae. 2019
546 yin kyay khin ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF LACTOBACILLUS SPP. FROM SAUERKRAUTS AND YOGURTS The purpose of this study was to investigate Lactobacillus species from sauerkrauts and yogurts. Microbiological work was conducted from June 2017 to December 2017 in the Fermentation Department, Pharmaceutical Research Department, Ministry of Industry 1, Yangon Region. In the present study, lactic acid bacteria were isolated from the samples that were collected from three different places (Kamayut Township, Mayangone Township and North Dagon Township). Rogosa and tomato juice agar media were used in the isolation of bacteria by the serial dilution method. Six strains (H-1, 2; K-1, 2 and N-1, 2) from the three sauerkrauts and fifteen strains (HD-1 to 5, KB-1 to 5 and ND-1 to 5) from the three yogurts were isolated, purified and identified. In all samples, five isolates were found to ferment galactose, four isolates showed positive results in maltose and eight isolates exhibited positive results in xylose. Therefore, isolates H-1, H-2, K-1 were nearly the same to the characters of Lactobacillus fermentum, isolates K-2 and N-2 were mostly alike to the characters of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, isolates HD-5, ND-3 and N-1 were possible to the characters of Lactobacillus hilgardii, isolates HD-1 to 4, KB-1 to 5 and ND- 1, 2, 4, 5 were similar to the characters of Lactobacillus heterohiochii by morphological, staining methods and biochemical tests according to Bergey’s Manual. 2019
547 Hnin witt mhon ISOLATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL COMPOUNDS FROM PHOMOPSIS SP. ISOLATED FROM LEAVES OF PSIDIUM GUAJAVA L. An endophytic fungal strain Phomopsis sp. was isolated from the leaves of Psidium guajava L. For the extraction of the bioactive compounds, 12L large fermentation of strain Phomopsis sp. and antimicrobial activity of fermented broth with Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Malassezia furfur, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus were carried out at Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Yangon. Then, the filtrate was extracted with methanol on Ambilites XAD 2 resin column and the methanol extracts showed high against six test organisms. Isolation and purification of the bioactive compounds from the methanol extracts were done by utilizing silica gel columns and Sephadex LH 20 gel columns with various solvent systems at Department of Organic Chemistry, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand. The isolated compounds were characterized by FT-IR spectra, 1D-NMR (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR) and 2D-NMR (COSY, HSQC, and HMBC) spectra. The three isolated compounds were identified as phomopsolide B, adenosine and emerimidine C. Antimicrobial activity of the bioactive compounds was evaluated on six test organisms and showed highest activity against Xanthomonas oryzae and weak activity against Candida albicans and Escherichia coli. 2019
548 soe soe yu hnin ISOLATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM ASPERGILLUS SP.PRODUCED FROM RHIZOME OF ZINGIBERCASSUMUNAR ROXB. An Endophytic fungal strainAspergillussp. was isolated from the rhizome of ZingibercassumunarRoxb. For the extraction and isolation of the bioactive compounds, 10L fermentation of strain Aspergillussp. and antimicrobial activity of fermented broth with six test organisms were carried out. After fermentation, the filtrate was extracted with methanol on Ambilite XAD 16 resin column at Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Universityof Yangon. The methanol extract showed high antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans,Escherichia coli,Malassezia furfur, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. Isolation of the bioactive compounds from the methanol extract was carried out by using silica gel and Sephadex LH20 gel columns with various solvent systems at Department of Organic Chemistry, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand. The isolated compounds were characterized by FT-IR spectra, 1D-NMR (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR) and 2D-NMR spectra.The compounds 1, 2 and 3 were identified as 4-amino-1-(1,3-dihydroxy-1- (4-nitrophenyl) propan-2-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5(4H)-one; 3,6-dibenzyl-3,6-dimethyl piperazine-2,5-dione and aspergillitine. Antimicrobial activity of all isolated compounds was evaluated on six test organisms and showed antibacterial activity onBacillus subtilis,Escherichia coli and Xanthomonasoryzae. 2019
549 moe moe khaing THE MORPHOLOGY, SPORES FORMATION AND GERMINATION, LOCAL DISTRIBUTION OF CLADOPHORA FLEXUOSA (O.F. MULLER) KUTZING AND CLADOPHORA PROLIFERA (ROTH) KUTZING FROM MYANMAR Two species of genus Cladophora belonging to the Cladophorales, Chlorophyta collected from the three Coastal Regions of Myanmar in 2009 to 2013 were identified as C. flexuosa (O.F. Muller) Kutzing and C. prolifera (Roth) Kutzing. The descriptions of each taxon with emphasis on the shape, size, colour and branching type of cell and rhizoid. Culture study on spores formation, germination on two species of the genus Cladophora. In addition, the distribution ranges of each species along the three coastal regions of Myanmar were presented. 2019
550 htet htet khaing Pollinial Morphology on Ten Species of Orchidaceae Found in Southern Shan State Pollinial morphology of 10 species belonging to 10 genera of family Orchidaceae were studied. The specimens of Coelogyne lactea Rchb. f., Cymbidium lowianum (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f., Eria stricta Lindl., Hemipilia cordifolia Lindl., Hygrochilus parishii (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer, Papilionanthe teres (Roxb.) Schltr., Phaius tankervilleae var. pulchra (King & Pantl.) Karthik., Robiquetia pachyphylla (Rchb. f.) Garay, Thunia alba (Lindl.) Rchb. f and Vanda bensoni Bateman were collected from Southern Shan State from 2016 to 2017. In the present study, the two pollinia were found in C. lowianum (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f., H. cordifolia Lindl., P. teres (Roxb.) Schltr., R. pachyphylla (Rchb. f.) Garay and V. bensoni Bateman; four pollinia were found in C. lactea Rchb. f. and H. parishii (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer; eight pollina were observed in E. stricta Lindl., P. tankervilleae var. pulchra (King & Pantl.) Karthik. and T. alba (Lindl.) Rchb. f.The smallest pollinarium (4.8 - 5.4 × 4.8 - 5.4 mm) was found in E. stricta Lindl. and the largest pollinarium (33.6 - 36.0 × 50.4 - 54.0 mm) was observed in T. alba (Lindl.) Rchb. f. The number, shape, size and colour of pollinia were differ from one species to another. The attachment of caudicle or stipe and viscidium to the pollinia were vary from one another. The pollinial morphology provides the knowledge for identification of the species and future systematic research work of family Orchidaceae. 2019