Research Publications

Academic theses and dissertations are regularly published and widely disseminated in YUOE Journal, Monographs, Universities Research Journal (URJ), Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science (MAAS) Journal, AsTEN Research Journal and International online Journals for sharing knowledge and contributing to the development of our education.

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research

No. Researcher Title Abstract Year
481 Ohnmar Myat Htoo BETEL LEAF AND BETEL QUID SHOP: ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES OF PANTANAW TOWNSHIP, AYEYARWADY REGION This paper presents the geographical assessment of betel plant environment, particularly on the distribution pattern of betel leaf cultivation in Pantanaw Township. There are two species of betel leaf in Pantanaw Township such as Myaungmya species and Gwa species. Betel leaf is grown in wet and hot seasons as cash crop in the nearly all parts of Pantanaw Township. With the increasing population in the study area, more people are engaged in agriculture activities including betel leaf cultivation. Betel leave are commercial products, mainly used for chewing, besides having significant medicinal properties and ceremonial events. Although betel leaf cultivation can provide relatively sustainable income of local people in the Pantanaw Township, it can damage indirectly human health. The betel leaf cultivation and spatial distribution patterns of betel quid shops are analyzed by using ArcMap GIS 10 software and quantitative analysis. 2019
482 Su Khine Oo A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TEACHING LISTENING MODELS* Four models, namely Traditional Model, Metacognitive Model, Process Model and Adapted Model, for the development of the listening skill were trialled on 56 2nd Year Physics students of the Hpa-an University to discover which of the four would be most suitable for Myanmar students at the tertiary level. The results were analyzed and it was found that the Adapted Model was most suitable. 2019
483 Aung Kyi A STUDY OF EXPLICITATION AND IMPLICITATION TO INVESTIGATE THEIR CAUSES IN THE TRANSLATION OF THE SHORT STORY “NOT TILL AFTER INDEPENDENCE” WRITTEN BY THEIN PE MYINT In this paper a study of explicitating and implicitating shifts was made in the translation of the short story “Not Till After Independence” written by Thein Pe Myint. The major aim of the study is to know why and how the translator Patricia M. Milne used explicitation and implicitation in her translation of the short story. Explicitating and Implicitating shifts were identified at the phrase level. They were identified according to formal-semantic criteria. Additions, omissions and substitutions of nouns, pronouns, proper names and adjectives were formally identified and distinguished. Shifts were functionally categorized into interactional, cohesive and denotational shifts according to Victor Becher (2011). In the data analyzed, instances of explicitation were found to be more frequent than instances of implicitation. The study identified a number of factors that caused explicitation. These factors made it difficult to perceive explicitation instances as having a universal tendency. Professional translators as well as budding translators should consider that explicitation strategy should be applied both meaningfully and logically with a clear purpose. 2019
484 Khin Myo Win ASSESSMENT OF HISTORICAL FACTS FROM THE SITTANS OF PATHEIN 32 MYOS* Although it earned the name as the Sittans of Pathein 32 Myos, these Sittans were only recorded about towns of Pathein Myoma, KheBaung, and Pann Taw. The study of these Sittans inquested in 1145 M.E (1784 AD) and in 1164 M.E (1802AD) reveals historical facts on administrative affairs such as hereditary lineages, boundaries of jurisdiction, taxation, and customary tributes to the capital, the duties and privileges of headmen. Moreover, the data on economic conditions of these towns such as paddy cultivation as main occupation and maritime trading, salt making, fishery, and coconut plantation are found as subsidiary businesses found in these Sittans. This paper also analyzes the similarities and different historical facts and data when Sittans were inquested in these three towns in the years 1145 and 1164 M.E. It is learnt that the facts and data recorded in these Sittans for these towns are informative and comprehensive. The assessment of the Sittans of Pathein 32 Myos could provide some useful information for the study of administrative, economic, and political conditions of Pathein Township during King Badon’s reign (1782-1819) 2019
485 Khin Htay Yu LOTUS ROBE OF INNLAY REGION The purpose of this paper is to know the importance of saffron robe for the Buddhist monks who are the disciples of Lord Buddha, to know the great benefits derived from the offering of robe, to study the inventive mind of women from Kyaing Kham (East) village in Innlay region of southern Shan state who produced robe woven from natural fiber of Paduma lotus plant in dedication to offer the Lord Buddha, and to acquire more foreign exchange (FE) from the sale of robe and fabric of Paduma lotus to the Buddhist countries of Japan and Korea etc. 2019
486 Nan Hlaing STUDIES ON HANTHAWADY AND ITS THIRTY-TWO SATELLITES In the 17th century, King Tha Lun formed ten divisions including R?maññadesa: three ma??ala(subdivisions), i.e. Kusim?, Hanthawaddy and Mottama. Some of sub divisions were founded by Mon kings. Some subdivisions were built by ministers of the kingdom. Each has 32 satellites. The three ma??ala exist the important seaports and frontiers. Each had demarcations by showing with location of pagodas in Mon. Strategically and economically, the three ma??ala are vital. Nevertheless, it was peculiarly that Than Lyin and Dagon (Yangon) were not enlisted in the satellites of Hanthawaddy. Among the three ma??ala, Hanthawaddy was a center of Mon kingdom. These satellites are located on the bank of three rivers: the Hlaing, the Sittaung and the Bago. Some were on the Hlaing River, some were on the Bago River, and on the Sittaung River. It is rich in forestry and agricultural resources. Hence, the most important one is Hanthawaddy. 2019
487 Yu Yu Aye EARLY MYANMAR EDUCATION (FROM EARLY CHRISTIAN ERAS TO THE BAGAN PERIOD) In the ancient period, indigenous peoples —the Pyu, the Mon and the Rakhine—rose to develop their civilizations in the early Christian period due to the impact of sea voyage in the Indian Ocean. They learned their writings and lunar calendrical system with the coming of Indianization in Southeast Asia. From that time, education—learning and teaching—opened into Myanmar, particularly some areas on the coastal and deltaic regions. Firstly, they learned southern Indian writing s and invented their own writings. Therefore, early Myanmar indigenous civilization were indianized akin to other southeast Asian countries. Early Pyu, Mon and Rakhine people converted from animism to Buddhism and Hindusim and Hindu and Buddhist kingship system. Basing on their learning, they made attempts to describe their languages in script and used their calendars. Accordingly, Indo-Myanmar relations provided their education and thought. And then, they reformed their culture. When the prominence of Bagan kingdom during the reign of King Kyansittha, the three writings of Pyu, Mon and Myanmar peoples developed. Pali was also their sacred language of them. Therefore, early Myanmar education based upon dual intellectual properties, i.e. Hinduism and Buddhism or Sanskrit and Pali. 2019
488 Khin Nu JUDICIAL SYSTEM IN EARLY KONBAUNG PERIOD The title of this paper is Judicial System in Early Konbaung Period. The name Konbaung Period or Konbaung Dynasty means from Alaungmintayagyi to Thibaw Min (1752-1885). This paper only presents the Early Konbaung Period which means the time ruled by the King from Alaungmintayagyi to Badon Min (1752-1819). My paper is presented only about the Judicial system and its procedures of making judgement in EarlyKonbaung Period. It is mentioned how judgement is made by Hlut Yone Nga Yat and to understand what Hlut Yone Nga Yat is, Dhammathat emerged, setting ethics and duties and responsibilities of judges and lawyers. 2019
489 Wah Wah Nwe Oo A STUDY OF THE ETHICAL PRACTICES IN JOURNALISM FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE BUDDHA’S TEACHINGS* The main objective of this paper is to point out that it is possible to apply the ethical norms of Myanmar culture in providing ethical guidelines for the development of journalism in Myanmar. In undertaking this study some Western ethical views concerning journalism will also be taken into account. With the development of the freedom of press in Myanmar, journalism has encountered many challenges. The research question of this paper is to provide evidence that; the ethical norms of Myanmar Buddhist culture should be taken into consideration in developing journalism ethics in Myanmar.2 The tentative solution would consist of clarifying what the principal ethical norms of Myanmar Buddhist culture are and the way in which they can be applied to ethical journalism.3 In this paper, the descriptive and evaluative methods4 and the principle of deduction will be used.5 The contribution of this paper is to promote understanding that Myanmar has a rich ethical heritage that can be applied to many affairs of human life including, the development of a “journalism” that has integrity.6 2019
490 Yin Moe Thu PRIMACY OF UNIVERSAL NORMS OVER PARTICULAR NORMS: CRITICAL CONSIDERATION ON NATIONAL SECURITY IN MYANMAR* International politics is changing by giving priority from sovereign state with national boundary to the global village without national boundaries. It is clearly seen that the international legal personality of the States seemed to minimize whereas the roles and norms of non-state actors become maximize in many aspects. The particular norms namely “sovereignty”, “state rights”, “national security” and “self-determination” which are important for a sovereign state, are now set at the back of the universal norms such as “humanitarian intervention”, “human dignity”, “human rights”, “collective security” and “preventive diplomacy”. Similarly, the precedence of taking legal actions on the states’ leaders against universal norms and conventions is at the alarming rate and many leaders who prioritized their national security started to quit from universal agreement. Myanmar, as a member of the family of nations, observes strictly universal norms as crucial for human beings. It is dilemma for Myanmar, especially in the case of Rakhine State when Myanmar government and its people prioritize state rights and citizen rights within the realm of national security and sovereignty. Humanitarian interventions as universal norms are negatively harmful impact on citizen rights or particular norms of Myanmar. The primacy of universal right over particular rights is difficult to prevent as the impact of globalization forced on all countries. When insistence on universal norms over particular norms is serious for Myanmar in every corner of its international relations, it is just like a creation of unsafe environment for Myanmar community at their back door. When Myanmar held its first democratically election in 2010 in line with universally accepted democratic norms, she was applauded by international community. It was not long for Myanmar when communal clashes broke out in the Rakhine State in 2012. Also right of self-determination and autonomy claimed by some ethnic nationalities, serious articulation on formulation on federal army by some ethnic armed groups (EAOs) are now a serious threat to national security and national interests. Although Union Peace Conference – 21st Century Panglong shad-lights the importance particular norms, peace, unity, equity and equality to reach to sustained peace agreement, some EAOs strongly opposed the integrity of state and importance of national security, the vital interests of a state, which is more concerned with wider scope of particular rights. The research question is to answer why Myanmar is important to consider its national security in the course of initiation of universal norms by international organizations in critical domestic national security concerns. 2019