Research List

No.	Researcher	Title	Abstract	Year
2751	Moh Moh Myint1, July Maung Maung2, Kay Lwin Tun3	SEASONAL OCCURRENCE OF ZOOPLANKTON SPECIES IN INYA LAKE WITH EMPHASIS ON ROTIFER SPECIES	The present study investigated the occurrence and abundance of zooplankton in Inya Lake, Kamayut Township, Yangon, from June 2023 to May 2024. The zooplanktons were collected monthly from the five study sites in Inya Lake; Site I (Approximately 90 m from the Restaurants), Site II (Approximately 240 m from Kan Thar Yar hospital), Site III (Approximately 500 m from Sailing and Rowing Club), Site IV (Approximately 120 m from U.S Embassy) and Site V (Approximately 240 m from Mya Kyune Thar Golf club). They were immediately preserved in 5% formalin after collection and identified based on their morphology and morphometric measurements. The results revealed that a total of 37 species of zooplankton comprising 24 species of rotifers belonging to 8 families and 10 genera, Cladocerans 8 species belonging to 4 families and 6 genera and Copepods 5 species, 4 families and 4 genera were recorded. The collected rotifers were identified and categorized into three sizes: large, small, and super small, based on their body length. The most abundant rotifer species were of small size. Among them, Brachionus calyciflorus was the most abundantly occurring species in the freshwater environment. The findings confirm that Inya Lake supports a diverse zooplankton community whose seasonal peaks (wet and cold seasons) and species composition are characteristic of productive freshwater bodies.	2025
2752	Moe Thandar Khaing1	GROWTH RESPONSE IN HATCHLINGS OF BURMESE ROOFED TURTLE, BATAGUR TRIVITTATA (DUMERIL AND BIBRON, 1835) AT YADANABON ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS, MANDALAY	This study investigated the growth performance of 30 Burmese Roofed Turtle (Batagur trivittata) hatchlings housed in three groups (n=10 per tank) at Yadanabon Zoological Gardens, Mandalay, from December 2019 to August 2020. Hatchlings were fed three different kinds of protein sources, such as the shrimp, Macrobachium sp. (Tank 1), dog food (Tank 2) and fish, Oreochromis sp. (Tank 3) biweekly combining with Ipomoea sp. (water spinach or "kazun-ywet") at the designated day. The results revealed that the negative allometric growth pattern in relationship of body weight and carapace length b < 3 with strong correlation r > 0.95 at the level of significant at p < 0.05 observed in all trials. Similarly, the monthly increments of body weight b < 3 with determination of coefficient R2 > 0.6655 and carapace length b < 0.05 with determination of coefficient R2 > 0.7416 were investigated. Pearson�s correlation (r) generated the perfect association in various parameters of Burmese roofed turtles at the level of significance p < 0.05. In addition, t-test revealed that the significant difference in all trials at p < 0.01. The best absolute growth (AG), absolute growth rate (AGR) and relative growth rate (RGR) revealed in Tank 1, however, the moderate relative growth rate (RGR) disclosed in Tank 3 followed by Tank 2. Thus, providing the protein richness of various diets and fresh food has a great impact on the growth assessments of Burmese roofed turtles in captivity.	2025
2753	Aye Myat Chel1, Yu Yu Aye2, July Maung Maung3, Kay Lwin Tun4	MOLECULAR AND MORPHOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION OF NGA MYIN YINN, SILONIA SILONDIA (HAMILTON, 1822) IN TWANTAY CANAL	The Silond Catfish (Silonia silondia), locally known as Nga Myin Yinn, is an economically significant freshwater species in Myanmar facing threats from overexploitation and habitat degradation. Genomic sequencing, alongside morphological analysis, is essential to support accurate identification and conservation efforts for this species. A total of 50 fingerling Silond catfish were collected from the Twantay Canal (a connection to the Ayeyarwady River) was obtained in May 2023. Species identification was confirmed using morphological characteristics, the FishBase application, and molecular analysis through cytochrome c oxidase I (coxI) gene sequencing. Two primer sets�Fish F2/R2 and LCO 1490 / HCO 2198�were used to amplify the coxI region of mitochondrial DNA successfully, yielding 525 bp sequences with the BigDye terminator sequencing method. Analysis of sequence data in the NCBI database showed a high homology (>93% sequence identity) between S. silondia populations from Myanmar, India and Bangladesh. Phylogenetic analysis using neighbor-joining (NJ) trees placed S. silondia from Myanmar in the same clade as S. silondia populations from Bangladesh, indicating strong genetic similarity across regions.	2025
2754	May Myat Noe Khin1, Tha Zin Hlaing2, Tin Lay Mon3	EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR INSECT PEST MANAGEMENT OF MANGO	Mango is one of the most economically significant agricultural products in Myanmar, but its production is severely constrained by insect pests. The effective pest management is important for enhancing mango production. The present study aimed to evaluate methods for reducing mango damage by investigating the effectiveness of insect pest control strategies in a mango orchard located at the Vegetable and Fruit Research and Development Center (VFRDC), Ye Mon Village, Hlegu Township, Yangon Region. Insect pests were collected from February to September 2024 using the three trap methods: methyl eugenol traps, yellow sticky traps, and pineapple fruit juice traps. A total of 21 insect species, representing 16 genera across 15 families and six orders, were recorded. Among them, 5722 individuals from 17 pest species and four natural enemy species were observed. The mango infection prevalence at the VFRDC was 13.3%. Of the control strategies tested, yellow sticky traps captured the highest number of pests. Visual inspection of fruit damage was more significant in the control group, where fruit size was reduced. Larvae were not found in fruits associated with methyl eugenol or yellow sticky traps. Statistically significant differences in insect capture were observed between traps (P < 0.05). The study concludes that the strategic deployment of Yellow Sticky and Methyl Eugenol traps is a highly effective, low-cost, and sustainable component of an IPM strategy for enhancing mango quality and yield in Myanmar.	2025
2755	Myint Thandar Cho1 , Tin Lay Mon2, San San Hmwg3	EFFECT OF THREE FEEDING DIETS ON OVIPOSITION PERFORMANCE OF COCKROACHES PERIPLANETA AMERICANA (LINNAEUS,1785) AND PARCOBLATTA LATA (BRUNNER VON WATTENWYL, 1865) REARED IN LABORATORY CONDITION	This study investigated the nymphal period of adulthood, maturation, and the reproductive performance of Pariplaneta. americana and Pacoblatta lata, which were reared with three types of diets. The results revealed the durations of nymphal development were varied with the different food diets. A shorter duration for the development of cockroaches from the 2nd stage to the 3rd stage by feeding rice bran and sawdust followed by cat food and dog food in American cockroaches, whereas from the 3rd stage to the adult shorter duration by feeding dog food. Similarly, it has a shorter duration of development by feeding rice bran and sawdust, followed by dog food and cat food in wood cockroaches. A similar duration was recorded in P. lata for the development from the 3rd stage to the adult. The pre-ovulation period among the different diet treatments showed that dog food was the most effective with a shorter duration for maturity case in both cockroach species. In P. americana, their feeding preference was a highly significant difference among the diets. The feeding on different diets was not changed in different life stages, and their developmental stages in wood cockroaches. Therefore, suitable diets for survival and development were different between P. americana and P. lata.	2025
2756	Mya Thein Nwe1, Aye Chan Thu2, July Maung Maung3, Kay Lwin Tun4	COMPARISON OF THREE DNA EXTRACTION PROTOCOLS BY ASSESSING DNA YIELD AND PURITY ON CATFISH, CLARIAS BATRACHUS (LINNAEUS, 1758)	There are various DNA extraction kits available on the market for animal tissue. In the present study, three DNA extraction kits, utilizing the silica solution-based extraction method, the GS solution-based method, and the Proteinase K solution-based method, were employed to extract total genomic DNA from Clarias batrachus, and their extraction efficiencies were compared. The quantity and quality of the extracted DNA were evaluated using a Nanodrop spectrometer. The Silica solution-based method yielded DNA concentrations of 19.1 ng/�l, 20.8 ng/�l, and 25.9 ng/�l, with A260/280 purity ratios of 2.05, 2.06, and 1.99, and A260/A230 contamination ratios of 0.06, 0.05, and 0.06, respectively, for three specimens of catfish. The GS solution-based method produced DNA concentrations of 167.2 ng/�l, 75.6 ng/�l, and 372.0 ng/�l, with purity ratios of 1.92, 2.09, and 1.99, and contamination ratios of 0.80, 0.85, and 1.30. The proteinase K solution based method resulted in DNA concentrations of 124.2 ng/�l, 164.0 ng/�l, and 85.6 ng/�l, with purity ratios of 2.14, 2.09, and 2.14, and contamination ratios of 1.67, 1.73, and 1.35. Time analysis showed that the Proteinase K solution-based method was the fastest, requiring 22 minutes, while the Silica solution-based method and the GS solution-based method took 93 minutes and 82 minutes, respectively. This study highlights the differences in extraction efficiency, quality, and time consumption among the three methods.	2025
2757	Yadanar Linn1, Aye Chan Thu2, Aye Aye Khine3, Kay Lwin Tun4	GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF FISHING CAT, PRIONAILURUS VIVERRINUS (BENNETT, 1833) BASED ON MITOCHONDRIAL CYTOCHROME B GENE AT YANGON ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN, MYANMAR	The fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus), categorized as a vulnerable species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), is increasingly threatened across its range. The fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus) is currently listed as "Vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List, with a population decline of approximately 30% over the past three generations (2010�2015) due to habitat loss and human-wildlife conflict. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of P. viverrinus individuals in Myanmar, particularly those housed at Yangon Zoological Garden, and to assess their genetic status in comparison with reported populations from other countries. In December 2023, fecal samples from three captive fishing cats (N=3) were collected for genetic analysis. DNA was extracted and PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) was used to amplify the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) gene from fecal DNA samples of fishing cats. Of the three samples, three were successfully amplified and subsequently sequenced using Big Dye terminator sequencing. Results from the NCBI database indicated that the Myanmar samples showed a 99% genetic similarity to fishing cat populations from India. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the two Myanmar cats comprised a distinct cluster with identical haplotypes, suggesting minimal genetic divergence within this population. Comparative analyses also showed the closest genetic distances to fishing cats from Thailand and Indochina and sundaland. This study underscores the genetic relatedness of fishing cat population from Yangon Zoological Garden with other regional populations, providing valuable insights into the species� distribution and aiding conservation efforts across their range.	2025
2758	Poe Yu Ya Aung1 and Tha Zin Hlaing2	SPECIES DIVERSITY OF ODONATES IN INYA LAKE AND KANDAWGYI LAKE ENVIRONS, YANGON REGION	The species composition, relative abundance, species diversity and evenness of the odonates from Inya Lake and Kandawgyi Lake environs of Yangon Region were assessed from February 2024 to July 2024. The species were collected weekly from three different habitat types; grasslands, wetlands and shrub lands. A total of 1107 individuals of 15 species belonging to 12 genera under 3 families and 2 suborders were recorded from Inya Lake and 1066 individuals of 12 species belonging to 12 genera under 3 families and 2 suborders were recorded from Kandawgyi Lake environs. The highest recorded species from Inya Lake environs was Crocothemis erythraea and Kandawgyi Lake environs was Brachythemis contaminata. Ischnura aurora from the family Coenagrionidae was the lowest recorded species of both Inya Lake and Kandawgyi Lake environs. According to the observation, the diversity and evenness of odonates from Inya Lake environs were greater than Kandawgyi Lake environs. The wing venation of Brachythemis contaminata and Crocothemis erythraea were analyzed and their unique structures under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) were also described in the present study.	2025
2759	Nan Nan Htwe1, Nyein Nyein Hlaing2, Aye Aye Khaine3, Phyo Wai Khing4	ISOLATION, SCREENING AND IDENTIFICATION OF CELLULOLYTIC BACTERIA FROM WOOD INDUSTRY AND BAMBOO TREES SOIL SAMPLES	Cellulases are key enzymes that hydrolyze cellulose into simpler sugars, making them vital for applications such as bioethanol production and use in the textile and paper industries. Bacteria obtained from different soil samples in South Dagon Township, Yangon Region were assessed for cellulose degradation. Cellulose degrading bacteria were isolated from wood industry soil and bamboo tree soil samples using serial dilution and pour plate method. This study was directed towards the isolation and screening of cellulase producing bacteria from wood industry soil and bamboo tree soil samples on CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) agar plates, by Congo Red staining. A total 18 bacteria were isolated from wood industry soil and bamboo tree soil. Out of 18 isolated bacteria, six isolates were showed clear zones of hydrolysis on CMC agar. Among cellulolytic bacteria, two cellulolytic bacteria were isolated from wood industry soil and four cellulolytic bacteria were isolated from bamboo tree soil. Among the six strains, Bacillus spp.2 was showed the highest cellulose hydrolysis activity from bamboo tree soil. Bacteria identification was carried out according to colony morphology, gram stain appearance and their biochemical reaction based on Bergey�s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. These findings highlight the potential of local soil environments as a source for highly active, industrial-relevant cellulolytic bacterial strains.	2025
2760	Mi Khin Sandar Win1, Aye Aye Khaing (1)2, Nyunt Nyunt Oo3	GONADAL DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF JOHNIUS COITOR (HAMILTON, 1822) IN GYAING RIVER SEGMENT BETWEEN GADOE AND KAWBEIN AREA	Amphidromous croaker Johnius coitor (Hamilton, 1822) is one of the commercially important demersal fish of the Gyaing River segment between Gadoe and Kawbein Area. The irregular pattern of GSI and HSI of studied species were now an evidence of potential indicator which directly reflect the hazard conditions of aquatic medium. Macroscopic and microscopic studies were made on the gonadal development of this species, J.coitor. Microscopic study for male spermatogenesis were identified into four stages; spermatogonia phase, spermatocyte phase, spermatid stage and spermatozoa stage. For oogenesis, oocytes were identified as chromatin nucleolus phase, prenucleolus phase, primary yolk phase, secondary yolk phase, tertiary yolk phase, germinal vesicle migration phase, germinal vesicle breakdown phase and spent phase. The female gonadal developmental stages will be compared with that of �oocytes ranged from 13.10�m to 520.40�m in Johnius coitor. Thus, this study suggested to take necessary steps are needed to monitor the aquatic medium to protect the fish reproductive physiology, thus fish population as a whole. These findings are very important to fishery management to fix closed season and closed areas for conservation of fish. Suggestions for future works outlined.	2025

Research Publications

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research