Research List

No.	Researcher	Title	Abstract	Year
1611	Khin Khin Moe	ASSESSING ON DECLINING TRADITIONAL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES OF CHAUNGZON TOWNSHIP: A CASE STUDY OF SLATE AND SLATE PENCILS INDUSTRY AND PIPE INDUSTRY	In Chaungzon Township, various manufacturing activities such as pipes, walking sticks, bamboo products, slate and slate pencils, rubber rings and other handicraft industries are found. Among them, slate and slate pencils, and pipe produce unique local traditional products that have cultural value. But, the traditional product work decrease in production and significance due to changing market demand, raw material availability, technology improvement, etc. To present traditional, manufacturing industries particularly production of slate and slate pencils industry and pipe industry, Chaungzon Township was selected as study area. The products of manufacturing activities of Mudu village tract and Ywalut village tract are not only used for local areas but also exported to other regions.Then, present situation, problems and future prospects of were presented. Some manufacturing activities such as pipe industries, walking stick industries and slate and slate pencils industries are found to be in slow progress in study area. This is due to the shortage of skilled labours, decrease of market demand and insufficiency of capital.	2021
1612	Ohnmar Thein	THE PRELIMINARY STUDY ON IMPORTANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN MAWLAMYINE CITY	The paper tries to present �the preliminary study on importance of small and medium enterprises in Mawlamyine City�. The study area is located at accessible area and it has locational advantage to develop industrial sector especially SMEs. Mawlamyine City possesses 737 Small and Medium enterprises of which 562 Small enterprises and 175 Medium enterprises are included. They are important for local economy because existing agriculture give low and irregular income for local people. Growth of SMEs reduces unemployment rate, increases GDP and support local people through job opportunities for skilled and unskilled labour. But, SMEs of Mawlamyine City encounters the constraints that hinder SMEs development. The objectives of the paper are to examine present economic activities of Mawlamyine City, to explore the supports of SMEs on economy of Mawlamyine City, to find out the constraints affecting on SMEs of Mawlamyine City and to predict future prospect on SMEs of Mawlamyine City. Geographic methods and GIS tools were applied and, exploratory approach was used in doing the research work.	2021
1613	Khin Khin Soe	CYCLONE RISK PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE IN RAKHINE STATE, MYANMAR: INSTITUTIONAL BASED ANALYSIS	Rakhine State is claimed to be the most disaster-prone area in the country. Rakhine state faced 13 times of cyclones between1948-2017. Among them the cyclone that hit the area in 1968 killing 1037 people and cyclone Marlar that lashed in 2006 leaving 37 deaths were the most destructive. Myanmar ranks first as �most at risk� country in Asia. Tsunami, Cyclone and storm surge affected all coastal areas (2004 Indonesia Ocean Tsunami, 2006 Marlar Cyclone, 2008 Nargis Cyclone, 2010 Giri Cyclone, 2015 Komen Cyclone). National Disaster Management Committee was reformed in 2016 in Rakhine state for preparedness and emergency response plan. Risk perception is strongly associated with disaster preparedness because individuals must perceive a risk to be motivated to initiate preparedness actions (Kanakis et al (2016). Myanmar Action Plan on Disaster Risk Reduction (MAPDRR) was introduced (lastly updated in 2017) and a year later the legislation passed the Natural Disaster Management Law. In the Action Plan of 2017, 32 priority actions have been formulated. For these priority actions, responsibilities are defined for different administrative and spatial levels. The paper based on the institutional preparedness and response for cyclone risk in Rakhine state. Semi-structured interviews, Likert scale and qualitative methods to analyse experts interviews such as institutions in Sittway town which are involved in disaster risk management and preparedness are also conducted with ward administrator and local experts and different institutions. twenty expert interviews conducted were in beginning of 2020. Statistical data collected from Department of Disaster Mangement, Natural Resource and Environmental Conservation etc;. This paper examines how risk preparedness varies among institutions and community levels.	2021
1614	L� L� Mon	A GEOGRAPHICAL ASSESSMENT ON SUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT OF EASTERN YANGON DISTRICT IN YANGON CITY	Water is indispensable for the survival of all living beings. Access to clean, safe and reliable water remains a challenge to many people across the world, especially in developing countries. Myanmar faces a similar challenge, despite having ample water resources and reliable rainfall. In Yangon City, only38% of the population is received by City Water Supply, majority relying on alternative sources. This study explores the challenges of current City Water Supply System in Eastern Yangon District. Additionally, the aim of research is to evaluate the sustainable water supply management system and recommend actions that can be taken to improve supply of water to the city residents. A mix methods approach was employed in the study where quantitative and qualitative data collected. Quantitative data came from a household survey and interviews. Additionally, key informants were purposively selected and interviewed to provide in depth information on water related management and policy issues in the township level Yangon City as a whole. This study investigates the existing water supply system, water supply management, water qualities by sources and the amounts of water use. The water sources of the study area are rainwater, surface water and groundwater, of which groundwater is mostly used, being unable to get sufficiently from other sources in the dry season. The spatial variation of groundwater quality and whether the water is drinkable or not is checked by WHO Standard and Myanmar National Standard. The total numbers of tube well in the district have 89561. The test results of ground water sample, the contents of chloride, iron, turbidity, alkalinity, pH and total hardness are lower than the permissible levels of WHO and Myanmar National standards. The daily per capita water consumption is about 20gallons in average, lower than that of the YCDC standard (30 gallons).	2021
1615	Saw Yu May	COMPARISON OF WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT BETWEEN INLAY LAKE AND SAMKHA LAKE (SAMKHA INN), NYAUNG SHWE TOWNSHIP, SHAN STATE	Increasing population and its related conditions are posing to the environmental degradation and causing contamination around the world, lake and reservoir are also included. Lake (Inn) is source of food for the local people, home for biodiversity, water recharge area for groundwater, etc. Inle Lake and Samkha Inn is situated in Nyaung Shwe Township, Southern Shan State. Although Inle Lake is formed naturally, Samkha Lake (Samkha Inn) is created by the construction of Myobye Dam, which are connected with lower Nam Belu Stream. The local people depend on these two lakes for their livelihood such as fishing, agriculture as a source of water. Population is increasing year after year; the quality of water might be more and more degradation in this area. Therefore, the research question is raised for this study, how are the quality of water in these two lakes due to human activities. The objectives of this study are to assess the status of water quality in Inle and Samkha lakes, to analyze the spatial and temporal variation of water quality in these two lakes, to support the information of water quality for conserving of these lakes in future and contributing of UN- SDGs. To fulfill the question of this study, water is tested on field measurement and laboratory test from these two lakes. Based on these results, the spatial and temporary assessment of water quality was done with the aid of GIS technique.	2021
1616	Thin Thin Myat	PROFITABILITY OF RICE FARMING PRACTICES: A CASE STUDY OF YANAUNGMYINE VILLAGE TRACT, DEKKHINATHIRI TOWNSHIP, IN NAY PYI TAW UNION TERRITORY	This research paper is primarily intended to investigate the relationship between local farmer practices and their farm input cost and return cost of rice production. Major objectives of this paper are; (i) to investigate the current farming systems in the study area, (ii) to observe and study the socio-economic characteristics of the selected farmers (ii) to assess and compare the household income and household expenditure (iv) to analyze how far farmers benefited from rice cultivation. Relevant data will be elicited from both the primary and secondary sources. Questionnaires and open interviews are the main instrument for data collection. Data analysis will be carried out using quantitative analyses, qualitative assessment and benefit cost ratio analysis. It is found that household expenditure, farmer�s income and outcome are affected by different groups of each social characteristic of the selected farmers. According to the assessment, it is found out that backwardness, poverty stagnant agriculture, lack of alternative income and employment and environmental degradation are components of an integrated problem in the Village Tract. There is a need for enhancing employment and income generation activities in the study area. Revolution of the farming systems is a strategy for rural income growth and poverty reduction in the village tract.	2021
1617	L�. L�. Win	PRELIMINARY SURVEY ON PESTICIDE USE IN CROP CULTIVATION AND IT�S IMPACT ON LOCAL FARMERS IN HINTHADA TOWNSHIP	Hinthada Township is one of the townships located in deltaic area and large amount of rural people depend on agriculture especially paddy and black gram cultivation which is needed to use pesticide. Area of le land is 138382acres (56002.4 hectare) (73%of total cultivated land) and it supports paddy and black gram cultivation. Pests are one of the major problems in black gram cultivation and to get higher economic income from cultivation, pesticides are widely used. But, farmers� unsystematic pesticide use is dangerous on human health and environment. Local farmers do not know right information on pesticide uses and they suffer immediate illness and severe disease. Objectives of the paper are to present situation of agriculture of Hinthada Township, to explore pesticide use in agriculture of Hinthada Township, to examine the consequences of pesticide uses in Hinthada Township and to predict future prospect of pesticide uses in Hinthada Township. To present the paper, qualitative quantitative mixed method and GIS were applied.	2021
1618	Khin Thu Zar	VEGETABLE MARKETING AND SUPPLY CHAIN OF HPA-AN TOWN	Vegetables are major daily consuming item for human beings. Because of daily consuming item and cheaper price than meat, vegetable supply is important for people live not only in urban area but in rural area. In Hpa-an, although more than thirty types of vegetable are sold, eight major items are lime, tomato, corn, carrot, gourd, etc. Four vegetable markets are found in Hpa-an and vegetables come from various sources such as village tracts of Hpa-an Township, Thailand, Mawlamyine, Aungban, Tatkone, Thahtone, Yangon, Belin, Belukyun, etc. In supply chain, wholesale market, retail markets and customers are major links in vegetable supply chain of Hpaan. Objectives of this paper are to examine types and sources of vegetables sold in markets in Hpaan, to explore the flow of vegetables in Hpa-an, to investigate supply chain vegetables marketing in Hpa-an and to find out existing problems in vegetables marketing. Primary and secondary data derived from field survey, interviews, and secondary sources were analyzed and problems and issues related with vegetable market were presented.	2021
1619	Saw Thandar	DRAINAGE BASIN MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS IN BAGO RIVER BASIN USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES	Drainage basin morphometric information is very important to manage the incidence of flooding in an area. The main aim of the research is to assess the basin morphometry of Bago River Basin and evaluate its hydrological implication as relating to flooding. In this research, the topographic maps and satellite imageries are used to analyse for the hydrological and geographical techniques for basin delineation, stream ordering and digital elevation modelling. All of the results showed that the drainage basin is characterized by stream segments, mean bifurcation ratio and stream frequency. The flood potential area of the Bago River Basin assessed by the morphometric analysis,	2021
1620	Mya Min	ANALYSIS ON THE CLIMATE OF LASHIO TOWNSHIP: THE CASE OF RAINFALL FLUCTUATION AND ITS TREND	The climate of Lashio is classified as irregular because of large inter-yearly variations in the climatic elements, especially the amount of rainfall. According to Koppen's climatic classification system, the climate of Lashio is Cwa climate (Humid Subtropical Climate) depending on the amount of average temperature and total rainfall. Annual variability in rainfall is markedly significant and monthly rainfall also varies from year to year. This paper explores annual and monthly of rainfall in Lashio over the period between 1980 and 2019. This study has displayed the existence of trends in annual and monthly rainfall, however in which months are decreasing trends and in which months are increasing trends. Decline in rainfall in the months might have serious agricultural implications because most agricultural activities in this area rely on rainfall of this period. The declining in the annual rainfall may lead to the lowering of the water table. This study will be of assistance to better inform farmers as well as agricultural decision makers, also study of temporal fluctuation and trends of rainfall may be used to characterize the climate of the area.	2021

Research Publications

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research