Research Publications

Academic theses and dissertations are regularly published and widely disseminated in YUOE Journal, Monographs, Universities Research Journal (URJ), Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science (MAAS) Journal, AsTEN Research Journal and International online Journals for sharing knowledge and contributing to the development of our education.

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research

No. Researcher Title Abstract Year
1471 Nay Linn ????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ?????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????? ??????? ???????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ????????? ?????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????? ?????? ??????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ??????????????? ????????????? ??????????? ??????????????????????? 2020
1472 Tin Win ??????????????????????? ????????????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????????????????? ???????????????????? ????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????? ????? ????????????? ????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ????????????? ?????? 2020
1473 Lwin Mar Oo ??????????????????????? ?????????? ????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ?????????? ???? ??????????????????? ????????????????????? ????????? ??????????? ????????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ??????????? ????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ????????????????? ?????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????????????? ????????????? ???????????????? ????????????? ???????? ????????????????? ???????? ??????????? ???????????????????????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ?? ??????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????????????????? 2020
1474 Hnin Yu Win PERYLENEQUINONE DERIVATIVES FROM ALTERNARIA SP., AN ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS ISOLATED FROM GYNURA PROCUMBENS (LOUR.) MERR. LEAVES* The present study was conducted to investigate the bioactive metabolites from endophytic fungus isolated from Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. leaves, which is locally known as Pyar-mee-ywet. A total of 17 strains were isolated from the leaf of selected medicinal plant. Among them, selection of the target fungus for further investigation was done based on chemical screening (spot pattern on TLC). From the culture broth of the selected fungus, perylenequinone derivatives, stemphyltoxin II (1), alterperylenol (2) and stemphyltoxin III (3), together with common fungal metabolites, 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde (4), adenosine (5) and uridine (6) were isolated using various chromatographic methods. The structure elucidation of the isolated compounds was performed based on NMR and mass data. 2021
1475 Hnin Hnin Wai INVESTIGATION OF CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND SOME PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MELICOPE PTELEFOLIA (THIT- KHA) LEAF Chemical constituents of Melicope ptelefolia (Thit-Kha) leaf and some pharmacological properties were investigated. The preliminary phytochemical test was determined by test tube method. Dried leaf sample was found to consist of 6.39 % of moisture, 7.64 % of ash, 21.94 % of protein, 14.92 % of dietary fiber, 3.93 % of crude fat, 45.18 % of carbohydrate, and 303 kcal/100g of energy value, respectively. According to the EDXRF spectrum, the samples had relatively high Si, K and Ca. Total phenol and total flavonoid contents of M. ptelefolia (Thit-Kha) leaf by using Folin- Ciocalteu reagent (FCR) method and by using spectroscopic method. According to the observed data, total phenol content was very high in watery extract (273.78 ?g GAE/mg) followed by ethanol extract (119.87 ?g GAE/mg) and methanol extract (103.84 ?g GAE/mg). In addition, the total flavonoid was also very high in watery extract (79.24 ?g QE/mg) followed by ethanol extract (78.81 ?g QE/mg) and methanol extract (60.09 ?g QE/mg). The antioxidant activity of watery extract (IC50 = 15.44 µg/mL was found to be higher than those of ethanol extract (IC50 = 59.62 µg/mL) and methanol extract (IC50 = 45.79 µg/mL) determined by DPPH radical scavenging assay. Antimicrobial activity was also determined by agar well diffusion method. Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts exhibited the highest antimicrobial activities. The cytotoxicity of methanol extract was studied by MTT assay method. From the results, the concentration of methanol extract increased, the cell viability also decreased. 2021
1476 Thida Myint BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE POTENTIALITY OF SMALLANTHUS SONCHIFOLIUS (POEPP. AND ENDL.) H. ROBINSON (YACON) LEAVES The present work focused on the studies of chemical constituents from the leaves of Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp. and Endl.) H.Robinson (Yacon) and some biological activities. Yacon is one of the edible plants and it is collected from Ywar Ngan Township, Southern Shan State. Phytochemical investigation of Yacon leaves was performed and it was found that alkaloids, ?-amino acids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, reducing sugars, saponins, steroids, tannins, terpenoids, and organic acids were present, however, cyanogenic glycosides and starch were absent. Nutritional values were observed to compose by moisture (14.35 %), fiber (11.67 %), protein (11.43 %), ash (9.09 %), fat (5.31 %), carbohydrate (40.7 %) and energy value is 313.55 kcal/100 g of Yacon leaves were found to be determined by using the respective methods. In addition, the elements such as K (0.908 %), Ca (0. 801 %), S (0.120 %), Fe (0.028 %), Ba (0.008 %), Mn (0.006 %), P (0.002 %), Cu (0.002 %), Zn (0.001 %) were examined by ED XRF method. The antioxidant activities of watery and ethanol extracts of the leaves sample were determined by DPPH assay method. The IC50 value of watery and ethanol extracts were found to be 786.56 and 466.92 ?g/mL, respectively. The ethanol extract is more effective than the watery extract. However, the two extracts show the mild activity when compared to the standard antioxidant ascorbic acid (IC50 = 4.57 ?g/mL). In vitro screening of antimicrobial activity was examined by nutrient agar well diffusion method on eight different microorganisms (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aerugino, Bacillus pumilus, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger). Ethyl acetate and 95 % ethanol extracts of Yacon leaves showed antimicrobial activity on eight strains of microorganisms (inhibition zone diameter 12 mm to 30 mm). Watery extract against other strains expect A. flavus (inhibition zone diameter 13 mm to 20 mm). In addition, petroleum ether and methanol extracts against other strains except P. aeruginosa (inhibition zone diameter 11 mm to 30 mm). The cytotoxicity of methanol extract from Yacon leaf against hepatoma liver cancer cell HepG2 was evaluated by MTT assay. The IC50 value of methanol extract was found to be 53.68 µg/mL for 24 h treated time. The results of this study scientifically validate the traditional use of Yacon leaves for the treatment of liver diseases. 2021
1477 Mie Mie Aye SCREENING ON SOME BIOACTIVITIES FROM THE LEAF OF BAUHINIA PURPUREA L. (SWEDAW-NI) In the present study, the leaf of Bauhinia purpurea L., locally known as “Swedaw-ni” was selected to screen some bioactivities. Firstly, the phytochemical constituents were investigated by the reported chemical methods. The qualitative elemental analysis was done by EDXRF technique. The crude extracts were prepared by the solvent extraction method. Total phenolic content in ethanol and watery extracts was carried out spectrophotometrically using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Ethanol extract (32.58 µg GAE/mg of extract) showed higher phenolic content than watery extract (21.73 µg GAE/mg of extract). In the study of the antioxidant activity, ethanol and watery extracts were screened by DPPH radical scavenging assay. The ethanol extract (IC50 = 5.75 µg/mL) was found to be more potent than the watery extract (IC50 = 8.51 µg/mL) in the antioxidant activity. The antimicrobial activity of both extracts was investigated against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus pumilus, Candida albicans and E. coli. The results showed that all tested microorganisms were susceptible to both ethanol and watery extracts of B. purpurea leaf. In addition, acute toxicity of ethanol extract was investigated with the dosage of 300 mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg body weight on albino mice and no lethality was observed up to fourteen days after administration. The Chemical nature for not been studied yet, however, the leaf of B. purpurea is likely to have potent biological activities to use as ingredient in preventive medicine. 2021
1478 Soe Soe Tint INVESTIGATION OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM THE LEAF AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PLANT APIUM GRAVEOLENS L. (TAYOKE NAN-NAN) Tayoke Nan-nan is known to be rich in essential oil and phenolic compounds. GC-MS analysis of the essential oil steam distilled from the dry leaf (yield 0.02 %) of Apium graveolens L. indicates nine compounds, mostly mono and sesquiterpenes, phthalide derivatives, and a few other compounds. Similar analysis of the essential oil from the fresh leaf (yield 0.07 %) showed fourteen compounds, mostly mono and sesquiterpenes, the phthalide derivatives and a few other compounds. Phthalides are the most abundant constituents in both essential oils. In the determination of antioxidant activity by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method, EC50 values of the ethanolic extracts of the leaf, stalk and root were 2186, 984 and 2316 ?g/mL against 112 ?g/mL of ascorbic acid standard. The presence of phthalides and phenolic compounds in the plant, Tayoke nan-nan may be useful as a medicinal drug in certain miner diseases. 2021
1479 Kay Khine Nyunt CONSTITUENTS OF ESSENTIAL OIL, TOTAL PHENOLIC, TOTAL FLAVONOID CONTENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF RHIZOME OF CURCUMA CAESIA ROXB. (GA MONE TAIN PYAR) The preliminary phytochemical screening of Curcuma caesia Roxb. revealed the presence of alkaloids, ?-amino acids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, saponins, starch, tannins, steriods and terpenoids and the absence of cyanogenic glycosides and reducing sugars. The higher total phenol content (µg GAE/mg) was detected in watery extract (234 µg GAE/mg) than ethanol extract (164 µg GAE/mg) of the rhizome of C. caesia. The higher total flavonoid content (µg QE/mg) was detected in ethanol extract (58.3 µg QE /mg) than watery extract (136.1 µg QE /mg) of the rhizome of C. caesia. The rhizome of C. caesia was found to have antioxidant activity. IC50 values of ethanol and watery extracts are 10.31 ?g/mL and 56.85 ?g/mL respectively. Antioxidant potency of ethanol and watery extracts were concluded to be mild if compare with the potency of standard butylated hydroxytoluene (IC50 = 6.85 ?g/mL). The essential oil from the rhizome of C. caesia was extracted by steam distillation method. The components of essential oil were characterized by GC-MS. From resulting data, ten components were observed in the essential oil of C. caesia, namely eucalyptol, camphor, p-menth-2-en-9-ol, L-?-terpineol, ?-bulnesene, iso-caryophllene, ?-muurolene, (5R, 6R)3, 6-dimethyl-5-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-6-vinyl4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzofuran, ?-elemene [1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2,4 bis (prop-1-en-2-yl) cyclohexane]and ?-elemenone. 2021
1480 Aye Khaing Soe ISOLATION, CULTURE AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA FROM KEFIR GRAINS FERMENTED MILK Kefir or kephir is a fermented milk drink similar to a thin yogurt that is made from kefir grains, a specific type of mesophilic symbiotic culture. Home-made kefir has been improved using various natural substrates such as milk, coconut water, and fruits such as grape, apple and dragon fruits. The present study includes isolation, culture and characterization of lactic acid bacteria from milk kefir. The isolated bacteria strain was characterized by gram staining and biochemical tests. The observed background color of the selected isolated bacteria strain is violet for gram staining, the isolated bacteria strain may be gram positive. From direct isolation from milk kefir, the isolated bacteria were negative for motility, indole, gelatin, citrate utilization, catalase, Voges-Proskauer, nitrate reduction, urease, starch hydrolysis tests, sugar fermentation test and methyl red test. For the result obtained, the most of biochemical tests for all bacteria slants were agree with reported literature data for lactic acid bacteria. 2021