Research List

No.	Researcher	Title	Abstract	Year
1071	Su Swe Su	INVESTIGATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND SOME BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CHLOROFORM EXTRACT OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA	This research focuses on the chemical and pharmacological studies of bioactive secondary metabolites from Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated by serial dilution plate method from the clinical soil sample collected in the Insein General Hospital, Yangon Region. The isolated bacteria P.aeruginosa identified by biochemical tests was cultured on nutrient agar medium in the large scale subsequently, the culture was centrifuged (20 min, 4 �C, 3500 rpm). The cell-free supernatant was extracted with chloroform for 10 times to get the chloroform soluble compounds by liquid-liquid partition between chloroform and the culture solution 1:1 (v:v).This process was done according to the ultrasound-assisted extraction to give 0.03 % (w/v) of chloroform extract which was applied to investigate the chemical constituents and some biological activities. The preliminary screening of chemical constituents indicated the presence of alkaloids, ?-amino acids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, polyphenols, steroids, tannins and terpenoids in the chloroform extract of P.aeruginosa. The total carbohydrates content (TCC), total tannins content (TTC), total phenols content (TPC), total steroids content (TSC), total flavonoids content (TFC) and total protein content of the chloroform extract determined according to the appropriate reported methods were found to be 283�2.15 mg GE/g ,177.58�5.8 mg GAE/g, 50.64�1.5 mg GAE/g, 50.43�4.01 mg CE/g , 24.70 � 2.2mg QE/g and 4.43�0.8 mg BSAE/g respectively. The chloroform extract was found to exhibit the high antimicrobial activity against all seven tested microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis (N.C.T.C-8236), Staphylococcus auerus (N.C.P.C-6371), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6749), Bacillus pumilus (N.C.I.B-8982), Candida albicans (-), Agrobacterium tumefacines(N.I.T.E-09678 ) and Escherichia coli (N.C.I.B-8134) (20 mm ~40 mm) determined by agar well diffusion method. The antioxidant activity of chloroform extract was determined by DPPH radical scavenging activity assay (IC50 = 128.6 mg/mL).The chloroform extract was also subjected to investigate the antidiabetic activity via ?-amylae and ?-glucosidase inhibition activities assays. The extract was observed to possess the ?-amylase inhibitory effect (IC50= 3.16 ?g/mL) and ?-glucosidase inhibitory effect (IC50 = 19.5 ?g/mL), however, those were weaker than the standard drug acarbose (IC50 = 0.02 ?g/mL) and (IC50 = 0.04 ?g/mL). The chloroform extract of P. aeruginosa showed significant toxicity against brine shrimp with an LD50 value of 1.90 mg/mL after 24 h. In antitumor activity analysis, Agrobacterium tumerfaceins (N.I.T.E -09678) cell was used as the tumor cell. In this study, the chloroform extract of P. aeruginosa was found to exhibit low value (IC50 =147.54 �g/mL) against A. tumefacines cell. In vitro antiproliferative activity of the chloroform extract was evaluated against A 549 (lung), Hela (cervical) and MCF-7 (breast) human cancer cell lines by using CCK-8 Assay (Cell Counting Kit8). It was found that, the chloroform extract has the antiproliferative activity against A 549 lung cancer cell lines (IC50 = 12.18 �g/mL), Hela cervical cancer cell line (IC50 = 49.93 �g/mL) and MCF-7 breast cancer cell line (IC50 = 16.59 �g/mL). Furthermore, in vitro antiproliferative activity of the chloroform extract was also evaluated against six microorganisms such as P.aeruginosa (IC50=98.38�g/mL), S.auerus(IC50=155.76�g/mL),B. pumilus (IC50 = 360.23�g/ mL ), B. subtilis (IC50 = 411.03 �g/mL ) , C. albicans (IC50 = 422.16 �g/mL), A. tumefacines (IC50 = 147.54 �g/mL ) and E. col (IC50=440.58 �g/mL).	2020
1072	Khin Cho Lin	EXTRACTION OF GOLD FROM IRON PYRITE ORE BY ACID LEACHING AND BIOLEACHING	In this study, acid leaching and bioleaching of iron pyrite ore collected from Sakhangyi gold mining site, Moehti Moemi mining area, Yamethin Township, Mandalay Region were conducted. In acid leaching of iron pyrite ore from Sakhangyi (SKG) gold mining site, aqua regia and di- isobutyl ketone have been used as extraction solvents. In bioleaching process, a bioleaching bacterium, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was used. A. ferrooxidans was cultured on selected 9 K medium. Leaching of iron pyrite ore sample was done under different leaching parameters (time, pH, ore size and temperature). The leachant has been characterized by atomic absorption spectroscopy. According to acid leaching of iron pyrite ore, Au content of iron pyrite ore was 1.2 ppm, after extracting with DIBK (AAS). The optimum conditions for bioleaching process using A. ferrooxidans were found to be 1.5 of pH, 90 ?C, 250 �m ore size after 6 days bioleaching time to get the highest gold content (6.25 ppm).	2020
1073	Yin Yin Tun	PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF THE STEMS OF ALLAMANDA CATHARTICA L. (SHWEWA-PAN)	The aim of this research is to isolate bioactive compound of the stems of Allamanda cathartica L. (Shwewa-pan) and to investigate some biological activities. According to the phytochemical tests, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, glycosides, organic acids, phenolic compounds, saponins, tannins and carbohydrates were found to be present in the stems. The ethanol and watery extracts of total phenolic content (31.98 � 0.94 mg GAE/g, 18.91 � 0.53 mg GAE/g), total flavonoid contents (226.67 � 8.50 mg QE/g, 100.67 � 9.29 mg QE/g), total steroid contents (278.81 � 7.70 mg CE/g , 154.72 � 13.31 mg CE/g) and total tannin contents (317.5 � 0.00 mg TAE/g, 25.83 � 14.4 mg TAE/g) were observed respectively. By thin layer and silica gel column chromatographic methods, one compound, 2, 5, 7 - trihydroxy - 3 - (4 - hydroxyphenyl) - 4H - chromen - 4 - one (0.22 %, m.pt 151 �C), was isolated from ethyl acetate extract of the stems and identified by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HMQC, HMBC and EI MS spectroscopies. The antioxidant activity of ethanol extract (IC50 =10.97 �g/mL) determined by DPPH radical scavenging activity assay was higher than that of watery extract (IC50 = 68.37 �g/mL). All of the extracts have mild antimicrobial activity (inhibition zone diameters = 12~18 mm) against all of the microorganisms. According to the results of brine shrimp cytotoxicity bioassay, both ethanol and watery extracts have cytotoxic effect. It was found that EtOAc, PE and EtOH extract exhibited the inhibition of tumor formation. Both ethanol and watery extracts did not show antiproliferative activity, however, 2, 5, 7 - trihydroxy - 3 - (4 -hydroxyphenyl) - 4H - chromen - 4 - one showed activity against A 549 (IC50 = 41.7 �g/mL), MCF 7 (IC50 = 47.9 �g/mL) and Hela (IC50 = 8.91 �g/mL) human cancer cell lines.	2020
1074	Khaing Khaing Myint	PURIFICATION, IMMOBILIZATION AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF FUNGAL LACCASE FROM MUSHROOM, TRAMETES VERSICOLOR	In this research, laccase isolated from fungal source of mushroom, Trametes versicolor, white rot fungi in solid state fermentation. Laccase was purified by ammonium sulphate fractionation (20 % and 70 %) and dialysis followed by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography? In each purification step protein content was determined by Biuret method using Bovine Serum Albumin as standard at 560 nm and laccase activity was determined by gauaicol assay method at 450 nm? The extracellular laccase from T. vesicolor was purified to 12.72 fold. The purity of laccase was confirmed by SDS-PAGE as single band. The molecular weight of purified laccase was found to be 60.26 kDa. The immobilization of laccase was carried out by gel entrapment technique using sodium alginate- gelatin- agar mixed gel. The highest laccase activities were found at pH 5 for free laccase at 40 oC and pH 6 for the immobilized laccase. The optimal temperatures of free laccase and the immobilized laccase were 40 oC and 45 oC, respectively, showing the improvement in thermal stability of immobilized laccase. The reaction order of both free and immobilized laccase catalyzed reactions was first order reaction.	2020
1075	Hnin Wut Yee	STUDY ON QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF CLITORIA TERNATEA L.(AUNG � MAE �NYO) FLOWERS	The purpose of the research is to study the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical constituents and some biological activities such as antimicrobial activity, antitumor activity and acute toxicity activity of Clitoria ternatea L. (Aung-mae-nyo) flowers. The qualitative phytochemical screening of C. ternatea was examined by test tube method which revealed the presence of various bioactive components like alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, phenol, saponin, terpenoids, tannin, quinones, amino acid and sterols. From the results of quantitative phytochemical screening such as total phenol contents determined Folin�s Ciocalteu�s method were observed to be 43.22 mg of GAE/ g in water extract and 75.72 mg of GAE /g in ethanol extract. The total flavonoids content in water and ethanol extracts determined by aluminium chloride method were observed to be 33.75 mg QE/g and 58.44 mg QE/g. The values for the water and ethanol extracts of total carbohydrate content determined by Anthrone method were found to be 374.68 mg GE/g and 265.23 mg GE/g. The total tannin contents in water and ethanol extracts were presented as 3.23 g TAE/100 g and 7.45 g TAE/100 g. The antimicrobial activity of the ethanol and water extracts of C. ternatea flowers was investigated against six tested microbial strains: B. subtilis, S. aureus, P. aeruginos, B. pumilus, C. albicans and E. coli by agar well diffusion method. It can be observed that ethanol extract is more active on tested microbial strains than water extract. Antitumor activity was carried out with water and ethanol extracts by Potato Crown Gall (PCG) test. From this experiment, both extracts were found to prevent the tumor formation with the dose of 0.1 and 0.15 mg/disc. The ethanol and water extracts of sample were also studied on acute toxicity by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Guideline. The acute toxicity test on albino mice indicated no toxic effect in both extracts of sample.	2020
1076	Nway Shwn Oo	SORPTION OF VANADIUM(V) FROM MINERALIZED CHLORIDESULFATE SOLUTION BY FIBROUS IONITES MATERIALS	In present work, the possibility of recovery of vanadium(V) from mineralized chloride-sulfate solutions by fibrous ionites materials of the FIBAN brand was investigated. (FIBAN is the abbreviation word for fibrous ionites brand which were produced by the Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of Republic Belarus). Equilibrium and kinetic characteristics of sorption of vanadium(V) by the fibrous ion exchangers (anionites and cationites) FIBAN brand, FIBAN ?K-22, FIBAN ?-6 and FIBAN K-1, which contain functional groups: � NH2, =NH, ?N, �COOH,�N + ?, =NH and �SO3 � H + had been studied. It is established that the maximal sorption capacity of FIBAN AK-22 and FIBAN A-6 with regard to kinetic sorption rate of vanadium (V) is observed at pH=4. Sorption isotherms of vanadium by using FIBAN AK-22 is convex shape being described by Langmuir constant KL= 190 � 9mL/g (R2 � 0.8) and FIBAN A-6 is linear shape by Henry constant KH = 2.09 � 0.20 L/g (R2 � 0.95), respectively. Integral sorption kinetic curves were found under conditions of a limited solution volume, and the order of effective diffusion coefficients of vanadium by using anion exchangers FIBAN AK-22 and FIBAN A-6 which are constituted 10-15 and 10-14 m 2 /s respectively. The average apparent activation energies during the sorption of vanadium (V) for anion exchanger FIBAN AK-22 was 6.2 � 2.0 kJ /mol and for FIBAN A-6, 19.9 � 4.7 kJ/mol. It may be indicated that the flow of the sorption rate of vanadium and sorption process took place in the external diffusion region. Additionally, the maximum sorption capacity of fibrous ??tion exchanger FIBAN K-1 for sorption of vanadium(V) in the form of oxo-vanadate VO2 + was observed at pH = 1. From this study, it was found that cation exchanger has higher sorption rate than anion exchangers.	2020
1077	Ohnmar Aye	BIOSORPTION OF COPPER AND NICKEL IONS BY NON-LIVING BIOMASS OF ASPERGILLUS SPECIES	Two different fungi were isolated from agricultural soil in Pathein Township. Both isolates were studied on the basis of morphological and microscopical characteristics. Pure cultures of fungal isolates were identified with the help of literature keys of Ando (2016). According to morphology and distinct characters, the two fungal strains were identified as Aspergillus sp. 1 and Aspergillus sp. 2. The two Aspergillus species were tested for their tolerance against heavy metals such as Cu2+ and Ni2+ ions at different concentration of 10 mM, 20 mM, 30 mM, 40 mM and 50 mM. It was observed that Aspergillus sp. 1 tolerance against Cu2+ ion and Aspergillus sp. 2 tolerance against Ni2+ ion. The ability of isolated fungal strains towards biosorption potential of metal ions from industrial wastewater sample were also studied. In this study, the adsorption efficiency of biomass was determined by using the functions of contact time and biomass dose. The biosorption capacity of Aspergillus sp. 1 reached 47.58 % removal of Cu2+ ion, while Aspergillus sp. 2 was expressed 39.04 % removal of Ni2+ ion. The finding revealed that fungi of two Aspergillus species showed higher metal-tolerant and biosorption capacity of copper and nickel ions from wastewater.	2020
1078	Aye Myat Maw	POLYPYRROLE-SODIUM BENTONITE COMPOSITES AND ITS ELECTRICAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES	The application of bentonite to polymer industry is growing year by year. Bentonite is hydrophilic in nature and polymer is hydrophobic character. This makes the chemically incompatible. Therefore, NaCl treated bentonite as filler was used in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate as surfactant and pyrrole monomer to prepare polypyrrole-sodium bentonite composites by in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization method. In the preparation of polypyrrole-sodium bentonite composites (PPy-SDS-NaB), the various amounts of bentonite (4%, 8% and 12% w/v) were used. The resultant composites were designed by PPy-SDS-NaB 1, PPy-SDS-NaB 2 and PPy-SDS-NaB 3, respectively, where, PPy-SDS-NaB means polypyrrole-sodium bentonite composites in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate and the numbers refer to the amount of bentonite compositions. The prepared composites were characterized by FT IR, XRD, SEM and TG-DTA techniques. Their electrical properties were analyzed in the frequency range of 1 to 10 MHz by LCR measurement. From the analysis of LCR measurement, it was observed that PPy-SDS-NaB 1 has more electrical conductivity than other two composites. The optical property of the prepared composites were also analyzed in the wavelength range of 200 to 600 nm by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and the optical band gaps were calculated by Taucs relation. From the analysis of absorption spectra, it was found that the band gaps of prepared composites are in the semiconductor wide band gap ranges of 4.0 eV to 3.8 eV and that shows great promise in sensors as well as electronic applications.	2020
1079	Naw Mon Thae Oo	PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LiNi1-XCoXO2 (0.2 ? X ? 0.5) NANOCRYSTALLINE POWDER	The main aim of the research work is to study the preparation and characterization of LiNi1-xCoxO2 (0.2 ? x ? 0.5) nanocrystalline powder. LiNi1-xCoxO2 (0.2 ? x ? 0.5) nanocrystalline powders for lithium ion batteries were prepared by a modified sol�gel method using lithium nitrate (LiNO3), cobalt (II) nitrate (Co(NO3)2.6H2O), nickel(II) nitrate (Ni(NO3)2.6H2O) as starting materials, de-ionized water as solvent, citric acid (C6H8O7.H2O) as chelating agents and carboxy methyl cellulose as dispersant agent. The prepared LiNi1-xCoxO2 (0.2? x ? 0.5) nanocrystalline powder was characterized by TG- DTA, XRD, FT IR and SEM analyses.TG-DTA analysis of the synthesized LiNi1-xCoxO2 (0.2 ? x ? 0.5) nanocrystalline powder was carried out to determine the appropriate calcination temperatures. The prepared LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 powders were calcined at 600, 700, 800, 900 and 1000 ?C. The resulting calcined powders were characterized by XRD technique. The lattice parameters and the average crystalline size of the samples calcined at different temperatures were calculated using Debye Scherrer equation. It was observed that the crystallite size increases with increasing calcination temperature which may be due to the growth of particle size but the sample calcined at 800 ?C was selected as optimum temperature because the sample (LiNi0.8Co0.2O2) has high crystallinity and small crystallite size at this temperature. From XRD spectrum, the observed value of average crystallite size of LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 are 29.58 nm, 32.24 nm, 17.22 nm, 29.25nm and 47.62 nm at different temperatures. Therefore, the other three compounds such as LiNi0.7Co0.3O2, LiNi0.6Co0.4O2 and LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 were also prepared by using the same methods. The prepared (LiNi0.7Co0.3O2, LiNi0.6Co0.4O2 and LiNi0.5Co0.5O2) nanopowders calcined at 800?C were characterized by XRD. From XRD spectrum, the average crystalline size of prepared three compounds are 69.94 nm, 41.76 nm, and 43.43 nm at 800 ?C. From FT IR analysis, it was only found stretching vibration of metal- oxygen chemical bonds. Surface feature study of the prepared nanocrystalline powders were observed from SEM. It was observed that agglomeration increase with high porosity and increasing Co doping levels.	2020
1080	Chan Myae Kyaw	INVESTIGATION OF PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF THE SPINE OF ZANTHOXYLUM RHETSA (ROXB.) DC. (KA-THIT-PHU)	In the present study, Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) DC. (Ka-thit-phu) was chosen for the investigation of the phytochemical and some biochemical activities. The spines of Z. rhetsa were collected from Dawei Township, Tanintharyi Region. The preliminary phytochemical screening indicated the presence of alkaloids, ?-aminoacids, carbohydrate, cardiac glycoside, flavonoids, glycosides, organic acids, phenolic compounds, polyphenol, saponin, steroids, tannins and terpenoids in the spines of Z. rhetsa. According to the physicochemical analyses, the dry powdered sample was found to contain 5.46 % of total ash, 1.45 % of water soluble ash, 0.19 % of acid insoluble ash, 8.54 % of moisture content, <100 of foaming index and swelling index of 5 mL/g of the sample. The EDXRF elemental analysis showed some elements such as Si, S, Ca, K, Fe, Mn and Cu present in the sample. The extractable matters (% w/w) were found to be 4.6, 3, 2.6, 2.2, 2.0, 1.0, 0.2 % (w/w) by extracting with different polarities of solvents such as water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and petroleum ether, respectively. The ethanol extract was observed to have higher total phenol content (51.92 � 0.54 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoid content (50.61 � 2.29 mg QE/g) than the watery extract (41.56 � 0.83 mg GAE/g of TPC and 36.97 � 1.05 mg QE/g of TFC). Antimicrobial activities (12?20 mm) of seven different extracts of the sample were determined against some fungal and bacterial species by using agar well diffusion method. The antioxidant activities of ethanol extract (IC50 = 1.15 ?g/mL) and watery extract (IC50 = 2.89 ?g/mL) were determined by DPPH radical scavenging activity assay. The ethanol extract of the sample was observed to possess the higher ?-amylase inhibition activity (IC50 = 113.01 ?g/mL) and ?-glucosidase inhibition activity (IC50 = 120.56 ?g/mL) than the watery extract (IC50 =137.00 ?g/mL and IC50 = 446.78 ?g/mL) and therefore ethanol extract might possess higher antidiabetic potency than watery extract. The crude extracts such as PE, EtOAc, Acetone, MeOH, EtOH, CHCl3 and watery extracts exhibited the inhibition of tumor formation at the dose of 0.3 g/disc up to 7 days determined on tumor produced bacteria by using PCG (Potato Crown Gall) test. In vitro antiproliferative activity of ethanol and watery extracts was evaluated against human cancer cell lines: Hela (cervical) (IC50 = 3.74 ?g/mL and IC50 = > 200 ?g/mL), MCF-7 (breast) (IC50 = 7.71 ?g/mL and IC50 = > 200 ?g/mL), A549 (lung) (IC50 = 4.77 ?g/mL and IC50 = > 200 ?g/mL) cancer cell lines by CCK-8 Assay (Cell Counting Kit-8).	2020

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Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research