Research Publications

Academic theses and dissertations are regularly published and widely disseminated in YUOE Journal, Monographs, Universities Research Journal (URJ), Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science (MAAS) Journal, AsTEN Research Journal and International online Journals for sharing knowledge and contributing to the development of our education.

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research

No. Researcher Title Abstract Year
441 Thet Lwin Oo CONSTRUCTION OF HEN EGG INCUBATOR CONTROLLED CIRCUIT USING PIC16F877A The hen egg incubator model is constructed using composite aluminum plate to enable reproduction process with the developing embryo. Light sources (40W, two bulbs) are used to maintain the require temperature. Two fans (5VDC) are also used to provide oxygen and to remove waste carbon dioxide. These are controlled by the circuit constructed using PIC16F877A microcontroller and other electronic devices. The program is written by using Basic Pro Language and it is compiled by Micro Studio Plus Software. The hexafile is downloaded by Win PIC 800. The temperature sensor, LM35DZ IC is used to detect the surrounding temperature. LCD module, TS1620L is used to display the present temperature in the hen egg incubator model from outside it. The chickens can be incubated from hen eggs by using Hen Egg Incubator Controlled Circuit. 2019
442 Win Min Aye NUMBER OF VERTICES OF DEGREE THREE IN SPANNING 3-TREES IN SQUARE GRAPHS* In this paper, we show that the square graph of a tree T has a spanning tree of maximum degree at most three and with at most max{0, ? x?W (T ) (tT (x) ? 2) ? 2}vertices of degree three, where 3 W3(T ) = {x ?V (T ) : there are at least three edge-disjoint paths of length at least two that start x} and tT (x) is the number of edge-disjoint paths with length at least two that start at a vertex x. 2019
443 Su Myo Swe CLASSIFICATION OF SOME BUTTERFLIES BY USING RULES INDUCTION: CN2 ALGORITHM* Rule induction is an area of machine learning in which formal rules are extracted from a set of observations. Machine learning is a field of artificial intelligence that uses statistical techniques to give computer systems the ability to "learn" from data, without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning applications are classification, regression, clustering, density estimation and dimensionality reduction. The CN2 algorithm is a classification technique designed for the efficient induction of simple, comprehensible rules of form “if cond then predict class”, even in domains where noise may be present. This research used zoo dataset and passed it to CN2 Rule Induction. In this research, classification of some butterflies species by using rules induction with CN2 algorithm system has developed. In this system, there are 29 species of butterflies are classified. In this system, MS Visual Studio 2010 as a programming tool and MS SQL Server as for database development are used. 2019
444 Kyaw Moe Min FINDING OPTIMAL TRAVELLING SALESMAN TOURS THROUGH MYANMAR CAPITAL CITIES The travelling salesman problem (TSP) is a combinational optimization problem in which the goal is to find the shortest path between different cities that the salesman takes. The travelling salesman problem involves finding the trip of minimum cost and the processing time that a salesman can make to visit the cities in a sales territory once and only once (represented by a complete graph with weights on the edges), starting and ending the trip in the same city. This paper adopts the nearest neighbour and two sided nearest neighbour algorithm to solve the well-known travelling salesman problem. The algorithms were implemented using (C++) and MS VC++programming language. The approach can be tested on two graphs that making a TSP tour instance of 5-city, 14-city and more. The computation results validate the performance of the proposed algorithm. 2019
445 Yee Yee Aung A RECOMMENDER SYSTEM FOR INTERESTING PLACES IN MYANMAR BY USING COLLABORATIVE FILTERING METHOD Tourists need information about places to visit, where to eat, activities, and so on. This information is typically found in guidebooks and on the Internet, requiring the tourist to actively search for relevant information. Instead, this information can be available on an electronic marketplace where it is personalized to suit each tourist. A recommender system is one of the types of personalization information filtering system that seeks to predict the "rating" or "preference" which a user would give to an item. Personalized recommender systems are becoming more interesting especially when not limited to just searching for information but they are also to recommend the items that would be more appropriate for the user’s needs or preferences. The aim of this research, this recommender system is then used to predict interesting places in Myanmar (or ratings for places of items) that the users may have an interest in. 2019
446 Theint sandar saing PHYLOGENY OF NATIVE CHICKENS IN CENTRAL AND WESTERN MYANMAR* The present work was conducted to assess the genetic status of some native Myanmar domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) collected from seven different sites in Ayeyarwady, Yangon and Magway Regions from December, 2016 to March, 2017. In this study, the phylogeographic relationships were investigated by analyzing the hyper variable segment (HVS- 1) in mitochondrial DNA of liver tissue sampled from a total of 20 domestic chickens including pygmy chickens. In a 319 bp fragment of HVS-1 DNA among 20 sequences, 33 variable sites that defined 16 haplotypes were identified. Phylogenetic analysis revealed four divergent clades (A, B, C and D) with distinct geographic pattern. The clades A, C, D consist of haplotypes only from Central Myanmar, while the clade B is made up of the haplotypes mainly from the Western Myanmar. Central Myanmar clades (A, C and D) contain the haplotypes mainly related to those of Southwest China and/ or surrounding regions (Japan and Indonesia), whereas the clade B clusters with haplotypes from India, and also from China and Japan. Pygmy chicken haplotype, closely related to one Magway haplotype, together cluster in the clade A. Evolutionary divergence (genetic distance) was lower within each clade of A, B, C and D but higher between the four clades. The distinct geographic pattern in the present phylogenetic tree and network suggests that Myanmar chickens have different geographic origins and have maintained their original geographic diversity in their local domestication history. 2019
447 Maung Yan Naung Tun PROTOZOAN INFECTIONS IN LABEO ROHITA (HAMILTON, 1822), PIARACTUS BRACHYPOMUS (CUVIER, 1817) AND PANGASIUS HYPOPTHALMUS (SAUVAGE, 1878) Labeo rohita, Piaractus brachypomus and Pangasius hypopthalmus are the most important fish species for Myanmar aquaculture and intensive investigation for protozoan parasites in these fishes are essential to develop methods for disease control. This study was conducted to examine the prevalence and infection intensity of protozoan parasites in cultured Labeo rohita, Piaractus brachypomus and Pangasius hypopthalmus collected from Lay Daung Kan fish farm. Thirty individuals from each species were collected monthly from January 2017 to December 2017. Gills, skin and internal organs were examined for protozoan infection. In total ten protozoan species were recorded including one species of Thelohanellus, two species of Myxobolus, one species of Zschokkella and one species of Trichodina in Labeo rohita. Two species of Myxobolus and one species of Trichodina were found in Piaractus brachypomus. In Pangasius hypopthalmus, one species of Myxobolus and one species of Trichodina were recorded. Among the recorded parasite species, the highest prevalence of infestation was found in Trichodina spp. 2019
448 Nay Lin Aung EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON HATCHING AND SURVIVAL RATES OF NILE TILAPIA,OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS (LINNAEUS, 1758) Experiments were conducted to assess the effect of temperatures on hatching and survival rates of Nile tilapia, (Oreochromis niloticus). The present study was carried out at the Laboratory of Aquatic Bioscience Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Yangon from June 2017 to March 2018. The fertilized eggs were collected from the mouth of brood stock female tilapia and incubated at three different temperature treatments; 28ºC, 30ºC and 32ºC, each experiment was carried out with duplicate. For control, (ambient temperature, 26ºC) was used to compare with other temperature effects. The present results show that the longest incubation period was 39:02 hours at 26ºC and the shortest 21:51 hours at 30ºC. Incubation period decreased with increasing in incubation temperature. The optimum percentage of hatching rate was 75% at 30ºC, followed by 72% at 32ºC, 68.50% at 28ºC and 70.25% at 26ºC.Similarly, the survival rates were 98% at 26ºC, 97.2%at 28ºC and 97% at 30ºC and 32ºC respectively. The survival rates of fry decreased with the increasing of water temperature. The highest body weight fry (fish) was (4.6 ± 0.28) g at 32ºC and (3.03 ± 0.53) g at 26ºC (ambient) during the study period. Results of the present study showed that water temperature had significant (P<0.000) effect on hatching period. The temperature also has shown that it was significant (P<0.03) effect on growth. According to the present study, most suitable temperature for hatching the egg was 30ºC, while survivals rate was better at 26ºC. On the other hand, high body weight was recorded in fry maintained at 32ºC. The results of the present study found that temperature played an important role on the hatching and survival rates of Nile tilapia. 2019
449 Naing Naing Oo LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF BLACK SEA URCHIN, DIADEMA SETOSUM (LESKE, 1778) Diadema setosum is one of the common marine forms of echinoids widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific Ocean, where it occurs from the Red Sea, Persian Gulf and the east coast of Africa to Japan, Australia and Malaysia. The sea urchin aquaculture is mainly based on the production of marketable gonads, which are valuable seafood product in Asian and European markets. The investigation on the developmental basis of morphological changes in larvae of D. setosum was conducted in a controlled Wet laboratory at the College of Aquaculture and Fishery (CAF) of Can Tho University, Vietnam, during July to August, 2017. The fertilized eggs of sea urchin were obtained by the induced spawning. Induced spawning was done using 1.5 to 2 ml of 0.5 M Potassium Chloride (KCl,) on their oral (mouth) surface. The daily larval developmental stages were studied in the wet laboratory from 10 days after fertilization to 49 days after fertilization. During investigation, the larvae reached metamorphic competence within 43 days after fertilization. This study represented the successful investigation on larval and early juvenile development of D. setosum. The findings would be helpful towards the development of breeding and seed production techniques for aquaculture of sea urchins. 2019
450 Cho Cho Thin SEASONAL VARIATION OF ESSENTIAL AND TOXIC METAL CONTENTS IN WATER, SEDIMENT AND SOME FISHES AT AYEYAWADY RIVER SEGMENT OF SALAY ENVIRONS Seven metals concentrations in the muscular tissue of 15 fish species and water and sediments collected from Ayeyawady River segment of Salay environs were seasonally examined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (FAAS) (Perkin Elmer AAanalyst 800 and Winlab-32 software) in Universities' Research Centre (URC) during the period from February 2015 to January 2016. The mean concentrations of toxic metals in all studied fishes with different feeding habits were lower than the WHO permissible limits except the arsenic in cold season. However essential metal concentrations were found within the permissible FAO range. The cadmium concentrations of water in rainy and cold seasons and arsenic in cold season were higher than WHO guideline values. Essential metal concentrations of water were within the WHO permissible limits. Toxic metals of sediments were within probable effect concentrations (PEC). 2019