Research Publications

Academic theses and dissertations are regularly published and widely disseminated in YUOE Journal, Monographs, Universities Research Journal (URJ), Myanmar Academy of Arts and Science (MAAS) Journal, AsTEN Research Journal and International online Journals for sharing knowledge and contributing to the development of our education.

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research

No. Researcher Title Abstract Year
2611 Sun Htoo Aung1 EDUCATION EFFECT ON LABOR PRODUCTIVITY IN MYANMAR: EVIDENCE FROM MSME SURVEY* Education is a key determinant of labor productivity, but it seems to be downplayed in the society. This would be a great treat to increase the productivity of firms and thus to enhance the economic growth. This paper aims to quantify the causal effect of education on labor productivity in Myanmar. Using the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) surveys of 2017 and 2019, the causal effect of education is identified by controlling the characteristics of employees, owners/mangers, and firms. Estimation results show that education has positive causal effect on labour productivity after controlling important variables. This finding suggests that policy makers should ensure that every citizen attains an education level, which they are supported to have. 2025
2612 Hlaing Hlaing Moe1 and Shunn Lei Yee Aung2 FACTORS INFLUENCING LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION AMONG PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN MYANMAR The involvement of people with disabilities in the economy is essential for promoting global economic growth. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting the labor force participation of disabled individuals in Myanmar. The 2019 Inter-censal Survey (ICS) data are utilized. The study makes use of the descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and probit regression model. In Myanmar, the employment rate for people with disabilities is around 24%. The probit regression model's findings indicate that the labor force participation of disabled people varies significantly depending on their age, sex, marital status, level of education, household size, annual household income, states and regions, as well as their difficulty with seeing, walking, remembering, taking care of themselves, and communicating. For disabled people who are married, better educated, and have larger household incomes, their probability of participation in labor force is higher. It was discovered that women with disabilities are less likely to work than men with disabilities. It is obvious that there are gender inequalities in Myanmar's labor force. However, disabled people who have bigger families and difficulty with seeing, walking, remembering, self-care, and communicating are less likely to participate in the labor force. Additionally, there are differences in the employment of disabled persons geographically. As a result, it would be beneficial to reduce discrimination among people with disabilities as they first enter labor market and to highlights the adaptations that allow them to seek jobs based on their disabilities. The government and policymakers should put plans into action to ensure the long-term prosperity of disabled people. 2025
2613 Su Pan Hnin1 FACTORS AFFECTING ON POVERTY OF HOUSEHOLDS IN KYAUKPADAUNG TOWNSHIP This study is concerned with factors affecting poverty of households in Kyaukpadaung Township. The objectives of the study are to study the socio-economic situations of household and to analyze the effect of socio-demographic and economic factors on poverty of households in Kyaukpadaung Township. A two-stage random sampling is used to conduct the survey. The first stage was randomly selected four wards from twelve wards of Kyaukpadaung township and at the second stage once data had been collected 300 households were chosen at random from four wards by using simple random sampling method, descriptive analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and binary logistic regression were applied to analyze primary data. In this township, income level of most of the households is below 400000 Kyats. In Binary logistic regression, the coefficients of age, number of students, loans, occupation and family size were found to be statistically significant. Therefore, the government should focus and support job opportunities to increase the income level and uplift the socio-economic life of households in Kyaukpadaung Township. 2025
2614 Hla Hla Aye1 UNDER -FIVE MORTALITY IN MYANMAR: APPLICATION OF ZERO INFLATED POISSON REGRESSION MODEL Despite the reduction in the global under-five child mortality rate, there has been a considerable rate in the death of many children before their fifth birthday in Myanmar. Therefore, the causes of under-five mortality need to be investigated because it is a critical issue for the development of a country like Myanmar. This study attempted to analyze under-five mortality in Myanmar with an application of the zero-inflated Poisson regression model. A sample of 3670 mothers with children aged 0-59 months was collected from the 2015-2016 Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS) for the data analysis. The results revealed that mothers’ education, household size, childbirth order, and type of fuel for cooking significantly affected the under-five mortality in Myanmar. Among those, childbirth order and mother’s education level were the most significant effects on under-five mortality. Therefore, concerned efforts should be made to improve mother's access to education and birth control. Hence, the Myanmar government should plan the respective programs and promote infrastructures, health care services, well-being, and survival of a new generation of Myanmar children. 2025
2615 Win Naing Oo1 DETERMINANTS OF VOLUNTARY CHILDLESSNESS AMONG WOMEN IN MYANMAR This study aims at investigating social, economic and demographic determinants of voluntary childlessness in Myanmar. The data used in this study were secondary data obtained from the Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS, 2015-16). The weighted samples of currently married women were 7759 but only 283 voluntary childless women among them were included in this study. Firstly, descriptive statistics was used to point out social, economic and demographic characteristics for currently married women and voluntary childless women in Myanmar. Yangon Region and Rakhine State were showed as the highest percentage of voluntary childlessness. Then, the Pearson Chi-square test was applied to examine the association between social, economic and demographic characteristics and voluntary childlessness. Educational attainment of women and their husbands, woman’s employment status, occupation of women and their husbands, wealth quintile, woman’s age, husband’s age, age at first marriage, marital duration and place of residence were independent variables. There were significantly related to voluntary childlessness. In addition, binary response model such as complementary log-log model was applied to investigate social, economic and demographic determinants of voluntary childlessness. Based on the findings, woman’s educational attainment, husband’s educational attainment, woman’s employment status, woman’s occupation such as skilled manual and unskilled manual, fourth and highest wealth quintiles, age at first marriage and place of residence were more likely and significant determinants to be voluntary childlessness. Woman’s age, husbands at age groups except (35-39), marital duration for 5-9 years were significant determinants and less likely to be voluntary childlessness. 2025
2616 Moe Hnin Phyu1 CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY AND EXPORT OF GARMENT FIRMS IN YANGON* The garment and apparel industry is one of the prioritized sectors in Myanmar and increasing its productivity is vital to Myanmar’s economy. In order to ensure the growth of labour productivity and promote its export to the global apparel market, this study explores the causal relationship between labour productivity and exports of Myanmar garment firms. The major purpose of this study is to analyze the direction of causation between labour productivity and export of garment manufacturing firms, and to examine whether the relationship between labour productivity and export are long-run or short-run. The analysis is based on the Granger Causality Test by using the time-series data for 64 consecutive months during the period from January-2017 to April-2022. The results of causality test indicates that the relationship between labour productivity and export is concerned only short-run with the unidirectional causal relationship form labour productivity to export of garment firms which is occurred by three months lags. Therefore, based on this result, it can be concluded that an increase in labour productivity about three months ago can enhance current period’s exports for Myanmar’s garment industry. 2025
2617 Thida Htoo1 DO ECONOMIC GROWTH, RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION, INTERNATIONALIZATION, URBANIZATION AND VALUE-ADDED PRODUCTS FROM INDUSTRIES IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY? A NEW LOOK AT MYANMAR’S ECONOMY Myanmar has the greatest potential for renewable energy generation while non-renewable energy still dominates the total energy mix in the country. The study examines the effect of economic growth, renewable energy consumption, internationalization, urbanization, and value-added industry on environmental quality of Myanmar over the period between 1990 and 2020 by applying multiple regression analysis. The result found that an increase in GDP per capita and an increase in renewable energy consumption improve the environmental quality of Myanmar due to reduction in CO2 emission. Increasing value-added industry and net inflow of foreign direct investment worsen the environmental quality as a result of increasing CO2 emission. The findings of this study revealed that renewable energy consumption significantly contributes to the improvement in environmental quality of Myanmar. The study recommended that it should encourage the consumption of clean energy sources in order to improve environmental quality in Myanmar and thereby leading to green growth and green economy and achieve SDGs. 2025
2618 Chan Myae July1 ANALYSING THE DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF TOURISM IN NYAUNG SHWE TOWNSHIP Tourism is not only playing a vital role in the national economies but also results can have both positive and negative impacts on tourists’ destinations and local communities. Reducing the negative impacts of tourism depends on the development of well-planned strategies that facilitate informed decision-making for sustainable and responsible tourism. This study aims to analyze the level of tourism development in Nyaung Shwe Township using the Doxy Irritation Index. According to the Doxey Irritation Index, this study concludes that residents of Nyaung Shwe Township perceive tourism activities at the “Apathy” stage. Additionally, this study also found that age, educational background, length of residence, occupation, and educational backgrounds influence on residents' perceptions. 2025
2619 Htun Min Aung1 THE EFFECT OF CREDIT ACCESSIBILITY ON FARM PERFORMANCE OF FARMERS IN PAUK MYINE VILLAGE, MYITTHA TOWNSHIP* The aim of the study is to analyze the determinants of the effect of credit accessibility on farm performance of farmers in Pauk Myine Village, Myittha Township. Simple Random sampling method was used to collect data from the farmers of Pauk Myiune Viilage. Primary data was collected from 223 farmers who borrowed from financial institutions. And the data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, reliability analysis and multiple regression analysis. The Trade-off Theory, Pecking Order Theory and Resource-Based Theory were used to obtain the objectives of the study. The result indicates that affordable interest rate, collateral requirement and availability of lending institutions have a significant positive effect on farm performance. Appropriate loan tenure and loan sufficiency have negative relationship on farm performance. The multiple regression analysis shows that affordable interest rate, collateral requirement and availability of lending institutions are significantly associated with farm performance. But Appropriate loan tenure and loan sufficiency are not significantly associated with farm performance. According to this study, if the Myanmar Agricultural Development Bank, Co-operative Banks and Microfinance Institutions in Myanmar should provide loans to farmers at a low interest rate, increase the loan repayment period. If they can lend adequate amount of money, the farming costs for farmers will be sufficient and the role of agriculture will be improved. 2025
2620 Dr. Htay Htay1 THE CURRENT STATUS OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN MYANMAR: A CASE STUDY IN PRIVATE BANKS The objectives of this study are to explore the current status of TM practices in HR strategy at private banks in Myanmar and identify the relationship that currently exists between talent management, job satisfaction, and employee retention. With data from primary and secondary sources, the study used a quantitative, explanatory research approach. From the ten private banks that were examined, 394 employees who are working at operational, supervisory, and management levels and 10 HR managers provided primary data for this study. To select the respondents for the study, a simple random sampling method was applied. Talent attraction, talent development, retaining talent, and career management were the main focuses of this study on talent management practices. Analysis of the gathered data was done using correlation analysis and descriptive statistics. The results of the study show that the surveyed private banks are implementing talent management (TM) practices to a moderate degree. The current status of talent management practices could not strongly guarantee to attract, develop, and retain their employees in the long term. Employee retention and satisfaction levels are currently not being met by the talent management practices offered by banks. They should find out how to integrate TM procedures into their current HRM practices in order to update and modify them. In the current business environment, they should be proactive in managing their workforce through talent management. To ensure that talented individuals are hired, developed, and retained, it is recommended that the surveyed banks should implement policies that support talent management strategies. 2025