Research List

No.	Researcher	Title	Abstract	Year
1831	Wai Wai Lwin	PETROGRAPHY AND DIAGENESIS OF THE KALAW FORMATION IN THE TIGYIT AREA, SHAN STATE (SOUTH)	The aim of this paper are to classify the sandstones of Kalaw Formation and to describe diagenesis of these sandstones of the Tigyit area. The research area lies in Tigyit area, Shan State (South) and its situated in the tectonic province of Shan-Tanintharyi Block of Myanmar. The study area is mainly composed of Mesozoic to Cenozoic clastic sediments and subordinate amount of Paleozoic to Mesozoic age of carbonate rocks. Petrographic studies of the selected sandstone samples collected from the Kalaw Formation were carried out in detail. The sandstones of Kalaw Formation have less than 75 percent of detrital framework and 25 percent matrix. The detrital grains are composed of quartz, feldspar, mica, various kinds of rock fragments and very little heavy minerals. Mediumgrained sandstones of Kalaw Formation fall in �Litharenites� and fine-grained sandstones of Kalaw Formation fall in the field of �Arkose�. Generally, three processes of diagenesis are observed in the sandstones. These are; compaction, cementation and authigenesis.	2021
1832	Hnin Min Soe	PROTOLITH OF SERPENTINITE UNITS AT YEGA-INN AND KANNBYU AREAS SAGAING REGION, MYANMAR	The study area is situated along the Sagaing Fault between the Kannbyu and Yega-Inn areas. The main objective of this study is to emphasize the serpentinite unit of ophiolite suite (Central Ophiolite Belt) along the Sagaing Fault and to discuss their protolith that is related to fault activity. The Sagaing Fault is located at the continental plate boundary between the Myanmar Plate and Sundaland Plate. It is an active fault that causes seismic damage in the major cities of Myanmar. Small outcrop of serpentinites are found in the Kannbyu area and massive bolder in the Yega-Inn (lake) area. They occurred along this fault, and examined the highly sheared serpentinite bodies in the Kannbyu and Yega-Inn areas by the Electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA). Rock samples from these areas have not been yet up to now by EPMA laboratory analyzed method especially serpentinite units that have not been done in Myanmar. Sheared serpentinites and related rocks: such as talc and chlorite-bearing rocks, show the foliation is defined by alignments of small rock fragments. Sporadically serpentinite units in this area are completely serpentinized, weathered, the morphology and chemistry of their spinels, coupled with micro-texture, indicate that the protolith of these serpentinites are mainly harzburgite and dunite and these units are cut by gabbroic veins in places. Chrome spinel samples showed the variable in chemical composition range of fore-arc peridotites, and they are similar to those in the mantle section of nearby ophiolites. Antigorite serpentine mineral is the main phase of the studied samples. No shape preferred orientation of the antigorite is present, indicating that the serpentinization occurred at ~ 500 �C under relatively static conditions. Locally, these serpentinites were deformed and it is probably due to the activity of the Sagaing Fault, resulting in the formation of serpentinite schist. Serpentinized peridotite and related minerals such as talc and saponite in the research area is probably linked to variations in the activity of the Sagaing Fault.	2021
1833	Myo Thiri Sandar Aung	PETROGENESIS OF THE GRANITOIDS OF MOKPALINKYAUKTANLAY QUARRIES, MON STATE USING TRACE ELEMENT AND RARE EARTH ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY	The Mokpalin-Kyauktanlay area occurs in the southern part of Mogok Metamorphic belt and belongs to the central granitoid belts of Myanmar. The trace elements and rare earth elements geochemistry data are used for the formation of granitoids of the study area. Geochemically, the whole rock of silica ratios varies from 64.55 to 75.31%, Al2O3, Fe2O3t, CaO, MgO ranges from 14.02-17.85%. 1.00-7.87%, 1.16-6.81 and, 0.24-3.24%. The varying ratios of the incompatible elements of Rb/Sr ratios (0.1-0.5), Ba/Sr ratios (0.4-2.9), and Ba/Rb ratios (4-16.3) in granitoids. The granitoid rocks have enrichment in the Light Rare-Earth Elements (LREE) and depletion in Heavy Rare-Earth Elements (HREE) and with negative europium anomalies and they come from the same origin. The age of quartz diorite was about 90.8�0.8 Ma (Mitchell et al. (2012). Tectonically they fall volcanic arc granite fields and were products of volcanic arc magmatism. These granitoids were generated from the partial melting of the shallow crust.	2021
1834	Htay Maung	PROVENANCE AND DEPOSITIONAL PROCESSES DETERMINATION OF PONDAUNG FORMATION BASED ON HEAVY MINERAL AND GRANULOMETRIC ANALYSIS, TI GON- KA BAING AREA, YINMARBIN TOWNSHIP, SAGAING REGION	The research area is situated within the Chindwin Basin of Central Myanmar Belt in which the Cretaceous to Neogene sediments were deposited. Pondaung Formation consists of thick to massive, light greenish grey, hard and compact, fine to coarse-grained sandstones intercalated with light grey shale, siltstone. Moreover, there are also many gravels, pebbles, sub-rounded to rounded gritty sandstone and conglomerate bands, sandstone concretion, the laminated shale and variegated clay occurred in the study area. The heavy minerals are a very important group of minerals existed in clastic sedimentary rocks because they are provenance indicators of the source rocks. The provenance of the Pondaung Formation is interpreted as igneous rocks from the Wuntho-Popa arc based on the heavy minerals. The Pondaung sediments range from moderately to poorly sorted, positive skewed, leptokurtic to mesokurtic, two segments that indicate the medium to high energy condition during deposition. Due to these results, the Pondaung Formation was deposited in the fluvial dominated deltaic environment derived from igneous rocks of Wuntho-Popa arc.	2021
1835	Moe Zat	SEDIMENTARY FACIES ANALYSIS OF MIOCENE CLASTIC STRATA IN KALEWA-MAWLEIK AREA, SAGAING REGION	The present study would offer the Sedimentary Facies of Miocene clastic sedimentary rock units of Letkat Formation (Early Miocene), Natma Formation (Middle Miocene) and Shwethamin Formation (Late Miocene) exposed in the southwestern Chindwin Basin, situated in KalewaMawleik Townships, Sagaing Region. The study is mainly focus on outcrop-based sedimentary facies analysis. Eight lithofacies of Letkat Formation such as Trough cross-stratified sandstone (St) with basal erosional surface facies (Se) and lags (F.1), Pebbly gritty sandstone facies (Gm) (F.2), Sand-mud interlayer facies (Fl) (F.3), Thinly laminated fine sandstone facies (Sl) (F.4), Planar crossstratified sandstone facies (Sp) (F.5), Horizontal to low-angle stratified sandstone facies (Sh) (F.6), Massive, variegated silty clay facies with fine-grained sandstone facies (Fsc) (F.7) and Bluish grey silty shale with silt and sand lens facies (Fsc) (F.8), five lithofacies of Natma Formation such as Massive nodular clay with fine-grained sandstone facies (Fsc) (F.1), Medium to thick-bedded, coarse-grained to gritty trough�cross bedded sandstone (Gt) with basal erosional surface (Se) facies (F.2), Planar cross-stratified sandstone facies (Sp) (F.3), Thinly bedded siltstone or silty fine sandstone and shale facies (Fl) (F.4) and Massive, variegated silty clay facies (Fm) (F.5) and six lithofacies of Shwethamin Formation such as Gritty to pebbly sandstone facies (Gm) (F.1), Trough cross-bedded sandstone facies (St) (F.2), Planar cross-bedded sandstone facies (Sp) (F.3), Horizontal laminated sandstone facies (Sh) (F.4), Thinly laminated fine sandstone and siltstone facies (Fl) (F.5) and Massive, variegated silty clay facies(Fm) (F.6) were deposited in braided river environment. For more environmentally specific, individual facies is needed to combine together into facies associations to define environment. At least five lithofacies association can be established in the Miocene sequence of the research area which are Sandy Fluvial Channel Facies Association (CH), Sand Bar Facies Association (SB), Gravel Bar Facies Association (GB), Overbank Fines Facies Association (OF) and Laminated Sand Sheet Facies Association (LS).	2021
1836	Wint Wint Htun	SOIL AND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS IN KYONPYAW AREA, PATHEIN DISTRICT, AYEYARWADY REGION	The study area is bordered to the north by the Laymyethnar Township, to the south by the Kyaungkong Township, to the west by the Yae kyi Township and to the east by the Danupyu Township, Pathein District, Ayeyarwady Region. The study area consists of Myawaddy, Tayza, Aung San and Panlong Wards. The area is covered by alluvial deposit and underlain by Tertiary deposits of Irrawaddy Formation. This research has been accomplished to analysis on the soil and water quality. Seven soil samples were collected from four wards and analyzed for Arsenic, Copper, Lead, Zinc, Potassium, Manganese, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium and Cadmium. Those were examined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) in the Geochemistry Laboratory of the Applied Geology Department, Yangon. Some parts of the study area, Copper, Lead and Zinc in the soil results are higher than the permissible limits of WHO standard. Eleven water samples were collected from surface and groundwater. Surface water samples are collected by water sampler, depth value was tested by HONDEX PS-7-LCD SOUNDER. Multiparameters (Multi probe), Single Probe, Hand-Held Refractometer instruments were also used in the surface and groundwater quality. Physio-chemical of pH, E.C, TDS, ORP, TH, TA, DO, Salinity, Temp, Turbidity, Mg++, Ca++ , Fe++ , Ca(HCO3)2, CL- , SO4- were also analyzed at the Soil Examination Laboratory of Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Livestock and Laboratory, Thaketa Township, Yangon. According to the water quality analysis; temperature, calcium and iron are higher than WHO standard. Analyzed by the digital arsenator, arsenic in Panglong is higher than the WHO standard.	2021
1837	Tin Aung Myint	MINERAL OCCURRENCES AND DEPOSITS ALONG MUSEMANDALAY PROPOSED RAILWAY LINE	Myanmar, the second largest country in Southeast Asia, occupies geologically and tectonically a key position. A railway line connecting from Muse and Mandalay has been proposed to construct and the paper is written about all known deposits and occurrences typically exposed along and around the proposed Muse-Mandalay railway line. There would be lead-zinc-silver, antimony, gold that could be expected in it. Coal and phosphorous deposits might also be found as well. As mineral deposits are trending approximately N-S direction, those could be probably found during construction of the line crossing that trend. It should be needed to officially inform local and central government if some deposits occur during construction. Legal enforcement should act to give penalty for those people who carry away it from the line or make mineral dressing in situ.	2021
1838	Ni Ni Win	PETROGRAPHY OF THE NYAUNG BIN THA AREA, WAINGMAW TOWNSHIP, KACHIN STATE	The study area is situated in 27 Kilometers northeast of Myitkyina. The Nyaung Bin Tha area is built up of plutonic and volcanic units. The plutonic rocks exposed in the study area are peridotites, gabbro, granodiorite, and dolerite. The volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks include basalt, andesite, dacite, rhyolite and volcanic tuff. Almost all plutonic rocks are medium- to coarse-grained, and exhibit hypidiomorphic granular texture. Porphyritic textures, perthitic texture and myrmekitic textures are also recognized in these rocks. Ocellar texture is also observed in the samples taken from dolerite dyke. Plagioclase feldspar shows conspicuous zoning and twinning. Pyroxenes, in gabbro, occur as phenocrysts and display sector-zoned and each sector show oscillatory zoning. In basalt it shows resorbed and embayed texture, coroner or keleptic rim. Chloritization, seritization, epidotization and serpentinization are common hydrothermal alteration occurred in the study area.	2021
1839	Khaing Khaing San	STUDY OF THE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE MARINE REPTILE FOSSIL BEARING LIMESTONE UNIT IN LASHIO AREA, NORTHERN SHAN STATE	The Triassic outcrops in northern Shan State have received relatively little study compared to correlative strata in the southern Shan State. Tirassic section to the west of Lashio, northern Shan State encompasses the Late Permian to Middle Triassic Nwabangyi Dolomite Formation. The marine reptile bearing limestone is the sandwiched unit of the Nwabangyi Dolomite Formation. Two specimens of Pachypleurosaurs are the only identifiable fossil collected from this limestone unit. It can be divided into four main facies (in ascending order); sedimentary breccias, laminated limestone, thin to medium-bedded limestone and thin-bedded, limestone intercalated with siltstone and shale. The exact stratigraphic position of the CMLV-1 Specimen is not known because of quarrying in this locality. YDBGLV-4 specimen bearing beds are medium-bedded, grey to dark grey, fine- to medium-grained limestone unit lie between the thin-bedded and laminated limestone facies. This limestone unit apparently grades into the surrounding dolomites.	2021
1840	Aung Kyaw Myat	SOIL DEGEAGATION ALONG YANGON-NAYPYIDAW HIGHWAY BETWEEN MILE POST 10 AND 40 IN MYANMAR	This research is carried out along Yangon-Naypyidaw Highway between Mile Post 10 and 40 to explore the degradation of soil especially caused by gully erosion. The study area covers along the road with Irrawaddy Formation, Older Alluvium (Lateritic soil) and Younger Alluvium. The top soil layer of study road segment is mainly composed of sand, silt, clay and little gravel of Older Alluvium. This layer consists of loosely consolidated, fine to medium grained silty sand with clay which possess 5-10 numbers of blow count as Standard Penetration Test. Moisture contents of top soil layer comprising cohesionless soil is mainly controlled to land degradation. There are many erosion processes along the study road because of the highly rainfall as well as deforestation. Land degradation is high potential during rainy season. The main causes of human-induced land degradation in this area are expansion of cropland and cutting for fire woods. Soil salinization caused by sodium and potassium elements composing in soil is also one of the main controlling factors for soil degradation in rainy season. Vegetation covered on gully floor is very important to protect soil degradation which can reduce surface erosion. Reforestation should also be made for soil stabilization. In some places, temporary physical structures such as gully reshaping, brushwood, sandbag, loose stone, gabion and arc-weir check-dams should be built to minimize gully erosion.	2021

Research Publications

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research