Research List

No.	Researcher	Title	Abstract	Year
1561	Yoon Noe Aung	BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING EXTRACTS OF NEEM LEAVES	The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from extracts of neem leaves was studied. In this research, silver nitrate was used as a metal precursor and nee1m leaves extract was taken as a reducing agent for synthesis of silver nanoparticles, AgNPs. The characteristics of silver nanoparticles were mainly confirmed by UV-Visible spectroscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier Transform Infra-red (FT IR) spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). In the biosynthesis process, effect of neem leaves extract and effect of stirring time on synthesized AgNPs were also studied. It was observed that the maximum wavelength of synthesized AgNPs was 410 nm that agreed with the literature value of the wavelength range of 400-500 nm for silver nanoparticles. The EDXRF data showed a percent relative abundance of Ag (50.108%) that confirmed the presence of silver in the suspension. From XRD data, the average crystallite size was calculated by Scherrer equation and found to be 37.14 nm. FT IR analysis showed the presence of the protein or amino acid group in neem extract which reduced Ag+ ion into metallic Ag nanoparticles. In SEM analysis, it was found that the sample was likely to be well dispersed agglomerates of grains with narrow size distribution. As other evidence, the characteristic of AgNPs was observed by Tyndall effect. The antimicrobial activity of prepared AgNPs was also studied by the six microorganisms - Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus pumilus, Candida albicans and Escherichia coli. It was observed the AgNPs suspension was more potent than neem extract only especially in Bacillus pumilus and Escherichia coli with the zone diameters of 15 mm.	2021
1562	Aye Aye Mar	SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF IRON OXIDE (Fe3O4) PARTICLES BY CHEMICAL METHOD AND ITS APPLICATION	Iron oxide particles with appropriate surface chemistry exhibit many interesting properties that can be exploited in a variety of biomedical application such as magnetic resonance imaging contrast enhancement, tissue repair, hyperthermia, drug delivery and in cell separation. In this study, FeSO4.7H2O, NaNO3 and NaOH were used in the preparation of iron oxide by chemical method. The characteristic properties of iron oxide were studied by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT IR) spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Thermogravimetric-Differential Thermal Analysis (TG-DTA). The crystalline nature of the prepared iron oxide was identified by XRD analysis. According to XRD data synthesized iron oxide (Fe3O4) by chemical method at 100 ?C was naturally stabilized cubic structure and in the average crystallite size of 39.27 nm. In FT IR spectrum of iron oxide the peaks at 895 cm-1 and 457cm-1 are due to the vibration of Fe-O group. The SEM micrographs of iron oxide prepared by chemical method at 100�C indicated that the particles are spherical in shape with a narrow size distribution. TG-DTA analysis showed two endothermic peaks and one exothermic peak. Sorption properties of the prepared iron oxide was studied by model congo red dye. Since, the value of separation factor RL (from Langmuir isotherm) for this dye was 0.04, the adsorption was favourable adsorption.	2021
1563	Kyi Tha Thaw	OPTIMIZATION OF PULPING PROCESS OF BETEL NUT FIBER USING CENTRAL COMPOSITE DESIGN FOR THE PREPARATION OF CELLULOSE FIBER*	Betel nut fiber was used to isolate cellulose fiber by four processing steps such as alkali hydrolysis using sodium hydroxide (pulping), bleaching using hydrogen peroxide, acid hydrolysis using sulphuric acid and homogenization. In the pulping of biomass, Central Composite Design of Response Surface Methodology was used to opt imize the yield of cellulose. Three variables such as alkali concentration, alkali volume and cooking time were considered as influencing factors on the yield of holocellulose, alpha cellulose and hemicellulose during alkali pulping process. The maximum yields of holocellulose, alpha cellulose and hemicellulose by % wt were 94.33�0.76, 80.17�1.89, and 13.83�1.75 under the optimum conditions. Cellulose fiber was analysed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD results revealed high crystallinity of both the cellulose fiber and cellulose pulp, while the TGA thermograms indicated that the alkali and acid treatment completely removed lignin and hemicelluloses from the betel nut fiber. FTIR results reveal that the peaks in the range between 1200 and 1300 cm-1 were not observed in pulp and cellulose fiber which indicated the removal of hemicelluloses and lignin. SEM microphotograph showed that mercerization and acid hydrolysis lead to fibrillation and breakage of the fiber into smaller pieces which promote the effective surface area available for contact.	2021
1564	Saw Htet Thura Lin	essential oils, spearmint plants, microwave-assisted hydrodistillation, steam distillation, hydrodistillation	Essential oils from plant species have played an important role in the fields of food industry, drugs, mosquito repellent, perfumes and other chemicals of important economic values. In this research work, essential oils from spearmint plants (Mentha spicata L.) were extracted using a method of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MHD) and conventional methods such as steam distillation (SD) and hydrodistillation (HD). Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation is an advanced and innovative hydrodistillation technique, in which a microwave oven (250v-50Hz power source; 2450MHz, output power 800Watt) was used as the heating source. The effects of extraction time (15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min and 75 min) for microwave-assisted hydrodistillation and (30 min, 60 min, 90 min, 120 min, 150 min and 180 min) for steam distillation and hydrodistillation on the yield of essential oils were investigated. It was found that the highest yield percent of spearmint essential oils obtained by steam distillation and hydrodistillation were 0.07 % w/w and 0.05 % w/w while that of 0.09 % w/w for microwave-assisted hydrodistillation. The physico-chemical properties of essential oils such as color, specific gravity, refractive index, acid value and solubility in ethanol were analyzed. The extracted essential oils were also identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). It was observed that carvone in spearmint essential oils was the major key component, with the highest concentration in 58.63 % by steam distillation, 56.91 % by hydrodistillation and 59.49 % by microwave-assisted hydrodistillation.	2021
1565	Phyo Ei Ei Swe	EXTRACTION OF LIGNIN FROM SUGARCANE BAGASSE BY USING ALKALINE PROCESS AND ALCOHOLIC ALKALINE PROCESS	The present work was focused on the extraction of lignin from sugarcane bagasse by two extraction processes: alkaline process and alcoholic alkaline process. A Box-Behnken Design of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was chosen to investigate the optimum conditions of extraction process. Three independent variables in two processes consisting of concentration of solvent, volume of solvent and extraction time were determined based on the yield of lignin. The optimum conditions in alkaline process were found at NaOH concentration of 15%, NaOH volume of 304 mL and extraction time of 2 hr with predicted final lignin yield of 35.62 (%w/w). In alcoholic alkaline process, the optimum conditions were observed at NaOH concentration of 15%, alcoholic NaOH volume of 303 mL and extraction time of 3 hr with predicted lignin yield of 57.19 (%w/w). Predicted values were observed to be in good agreement with experimental values. Then the functional groups present in prepared lignins were identified by using UV-visible spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The prepared samples were confirmed as lignin due to the presence of phenolic hydroxyl groups, carbonyl groups and methoxy groups.	2021
1566	Sandar Win	PREPARATION OF NATURAL DYE POWDER EXTRACT FROM MANGO (NETTE) BARK AND APPLICATION ON COTTON FABRIC	This research concerns with the preparation of natural dye powder extract from Mangifera indica L. (Mango) bark. Natural dye solution was extracted from mango bark by using water, alkaline, acidic and alcoholic medium. The resultant concentrated dye solutions were dried in an oven at 60�C. Alcoholic medium was selected based on the yield percent and absorbance value and the dye powder was prepared at the various ethanol-water ratio, solid to liquid ratio, extraction temperature and time. The chemical compounds present in dye powder were studied by phytochemical methods and the functional groups were identified by FT-IR spectroscopy. Furthermore, content of moisture, ash and heavy metals in natural dye powder were also determined. The dye powder was then applied on cotton fabrics by using mordant with pre-mordanting, post-mordanting and simultaneous mordanting and dyeing methods. Fastness tests especially for washing, rubbing and light on dyed cotton fabrics were also studied.	2021
1567	Theint Theint Nway	APPLICATION OF WATER QUALITY INDEX (WQI) METHOD TO ASSESS THE WATER QUALITY OF DALA TOWNSHIP, YANGON REGION, MYANMAR	Nowadays, water quality issues have become a significant concern due to the growth of population, urban expansion and technological development. The current study is conducted to investigate the water quality status of Dala Township, using the Water Quality Index (WQI) method. The WQI was used to aggregate the diverse parameters into a single term that is helpful for the selection of appropriate treatment technique to meet the drinking water standard. In this study, the WQI of ground and surface water samples were evaluated by analyzing the various parameters such as pH, total hardness, total dissolved solid, conductivity, chloride, nitrate, sulphate, calcium, dissolved oxygen and biological oxygen demand. The WQI values for all the samples were found in the range of 51 - 78. The highest value of WQI was observed in the river water sample and the lowest WQI value was observed in ground water sample. Results of the assessment confirmed that the WQI values of all the water sources are high and they are not suitable for direct consumption.	2021
1568	Thet Ni Moe	INNOVATIVE DESIGN OF ELECTRONIC BALLOT FOR GENERAL ELECTION	An innovative design of electronic voting system is introduced. It is intended to use in coming general election 2020 in Myanmar. The voting system consists of an Arduino Mega 2560 development board, a 3.5 inch TFT (Thin Film Transistor) color graphic liquid crystal display with micro SD card module, a non-contact distance sensor module, voting input switches, control input switches for polling officers, reset input switch, display LED indicators and two 3.7V rechargeable li-ion batteries. The system is capable of detecting and counting the incoming voter and votes. The voting was restricted exactly only one vote for each voter. The list of candidate and operating information are display on the LCD. The voting results are stored in a micro SD card. The circuit design helps the electoral process more efficient and speed up the processing of results and voting easier.	2021
1569	Khin San Yee	GRAPHICAL TEACHING AID FOR ASTABLE AND MONOSTABLE CIRCUITS UTILIZING ARDUINO MEGA	An electronic device is created and constructed. It is intended to become a kind of teaching aid for electronic lecturers and students. The circuit was designed to help calculating various outputs of the 555 timer ICs in Astable mode and Monostable mode. Calculations can be easily made for frequency, period, duty cycle, and delay time outputs. Moreover, schematic displays and input values of the components can be display with graphical colorful images. The circuit design consists of Arduino Mega development board, a few input switches, a 3.5in TFT color LCD display, a piezo buzzer, and two 3.7V li-ion batteries. The whole circuit is operated by a program code created by using Arduino IDE software. The complete circuit was constructed on a specially created printed circuit board.	2021
1570	Wint Shwe War Hlaing	ESP8266 ASYNCHRONOUS WEB SERVER BASED REAL TIME TEMPERATURE MONITORING BY CONTACTLESS IR THERMOMETER FOR SOCIAL DISTANCING	The commercial hand-held contactless thermometers are used to measure the body temperature to detect the virus-infected persons within a distance of about 3 feet. It is not a sufficient distance for virus protection without personal protective equipment (PPE) suit. The web server based on the contactless infra-red (IR) thermometer can measure the body temperature and display it on the PC monitor or mobile phone at the distance of 150 feet indoor and 300 feet outdoor from the sensor module. Since ESP8266 MCU is the Wi-Fi chip with microcontroller capability, it is suitable to use in the hardware interfacing and software development of a web server based contactless IR thermometer. Web server-client communication takes place by using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Web server home page is created by using Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and Cascading Style Sheet (CSS). Since asynchronous Javascript and XML (AJAX) are used in a web server system, the real time-temperature readings are automatically updated without the requirement to refresh the web server home page.	2021

Research Publications

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research